Xiaonan Zhu

Bank of New York Mellon

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Caterina Rosano

University of Pittsburgh

Andrea Rosso

University of Pittsburgh

Tonghui Wang

Jilin Medical University

Nancy W. Glynn

University of Pittsburgh

Rebecca Ehrenkranz

University of Pittsburgh

Ruzhu Chen

Sun Yat-sen University

Briana N. Sprague

Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis

Zheng Wei

Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi

Li Ma

Beijing Tian Tan Hospital

Ziwei Ma

Xiamen University

Cooperative Institutions

Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

412

European Organization for Nuclear Research

386

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

196

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

154

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

147

Tsinghua University

144

University of Zurich

144

Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

134

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara

124

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

123

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DOES MOTIVATION PROMOTE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN?

Innovation in Aging (2022)

Kailyn R. Witonsky Xiaonan Zhu Andrea Rosso Caterina Rosano

Abstract Chronic musculoskeletal pain is common and limits physical activity in older adults. Understanding why some older adults remain physically active despite chronic musculoskeletal pain, “pain resiliency”, may offer insights to promote physical activity. We investigated the cross-sectional association of three indicators of motivation or mood with physical activity in adults over the age of 65 with chronic musculoskeletal pain from the Cardiovascular Health and Cognition Study. Of 2,703 participants with brain scans, 919 (34%) reported at least one month of either foot, knee, hip, or back pain and 47% of those with pain had moderate to high levels of self-reported physical activity, defined as “pain resilient”. Indicators of motivation included: (1) self-reported motivation: a composite score of perceived effort, difficulty getting going in the morning, and difficulty concentrating, (2) social network score from the Lubben Social Network scale, and (3) a composite depression scale. Separate multivariable linear models estimated the association between physical activity and each indicator, controlling for gender, race, BMI, age, gait speed, number of medications, number of pain sites, cognitive function, as measured by the digit substitution symbol test, and brain integrity, as measured by level of white matter hyperintensities. Higher self-reported motivation (β=-0.11, p=0.02) and larger social networks (β=0.03, p=0.01) were associated with higher levels of physical activity. Better mood was not associated with higher levels of physical activity (β=-0.017, p=0.34). Albeit based on cross-sectional self-reported measures, our research suggests the need for further research investigating psychosocial contributions to pain resilience.

Association (psychology)

Cross-sectional study

10.1093/geroni/igac059.3090

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Identification of the Function of the Vpx Protein of Primate Lentiviruses: A Dissertation

Xiaonan Zhu

Primate lentiviruses encode four “accessory proteins” including Vif, Vpu, Nef, and Vpr/ Vpx. Vif and Vpu counteract the antiviral effects of cellular restrictions to early and late steps in the viral replication cycle. The functions of Vpx/ Vpr are not well understood. This study presents evidence that the Vpx proteins of HIV-2/ SIVSM promote HIV-1 infection by antagonizing an antiviral restriction in myeloid cells. Fusion of macrophages in which Vpx was essential for virus infection, with COS cells in which Vpx was dispensable for virus infection, generated heterokaryons that supported infection by wild-type SIV but not Vpx-deleted SIV. The restriction potently antagonized infection of macrophages by HIV-1, and expression of Vpx in macrophages in trans overcame the restriction to HIV-1 and SIV infection. Similarly, the cellular restriction is the obstacle to transduction of macrophages by MLV. Neutralization of the restriction by Vpx rendered macrophages permissive to MLV infection. Vpx was ubiquitylated and both ubiquitylation and the proteasome regulated the activity of Vpx. The ability of Vpx to counteract the restriction to HIV-1 and SIV infection was dependent upon the HIV-1 Vpr interacting protein, damaged DNA binding protein 1 (DDB1), and DDB1 partially substituted for Vpx when fused to Vpr. This study further demonstrates that this restriction prevents transduction of quiescent monocytes by HIV-1. Although terminally differentiated macrophages are

SAMHD1

Simian immunodeficiency virus

10.13028/cgm8-q756

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[Risk Factors for Missed Diagnosis of Esophageal Low-grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Endoscopic Forceps Biopsy Compared with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection].

PubMed (2018)

Xiaonan Zhu Pei-Wen Dong Ling-Ya Xiang Jin Wang Linlin Zhu

To investigate the risk factors for pathological upgrading after endoscopic treatment of esophageal lesions which confirmed to be low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) by preoperative biopsy.A total of 148 patients who were confirmed to be LGIN in preoperative forceps underwent further endoscopic resection between November 2013 and July 2018. According to the final pathological results after endoscopic treatment, they were divided into pathological upgrading group and pathological non-upgrading group, and their clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed and compared through univariate and multivariate analysis.The average age of the patients was (59.95±7.75) years old and the percent of male patients was 67.57% (100/148). Most lesions were located in the middle esophagus (99 cases) and lower esophagus (38 cases). Endoscopic gross type was mainly depressed type (72 cases). The en-bloc resection rate was 99.32% (147/148). Among the patients (77, 52.03%) who had pathological upgrading, 33 (22.3%) cases were HGIN, 25 (16.9%) cases were in-situ cancer, and 19 (12.8%) cases were superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Univariate analysis showed that circumferential extent (≥1/2), longitudinal diameter (≥3 cm), submucosa involvement found by endoscopic ultrasongraphy, depressed gross type and redness of lesion mucosa were risk factors for postoperative pathological upgrading. Multivariate analysis indicated that the redness of the lesion mucosa and longitudinal diameter (≥3 cm) of the lesion were independent risk factors for pathological upgrading.For esophageal lesions diagnosed by biopsy as LGIN, clinicians should be highly alert to the pathological underestimate if the lesion surface is reddened and its longitudinal diameter is greater than 3 cm.

Submucosa

Univariate analysis

Endoscopic mucosal resection

Source

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Video Super-Resolution using Multi-Frames Fusion and Perceptual Loss

Journal of Physics Conference Series (2019)

Xiaonan Zhu Yucong Zhao Ping Wang Yuanchen Wang Jiquan Ma

Abstract Video super-resolution (VSR) has become more and more important in vision perception. Currently, most of video super-resolution methods used optical flow estimation by explicit motion compensation. We proposed a new network using multi-frames as input without motion compensation. In order to improve the performance of the reconstructed high-resolution (HR) frame, perceptual loss function is used to evaluate the deviation between the prediction and ground truth. Perceptual loss characteristic is able to improve the quality of image reconstruction on the vision, but with a low Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). Experimental results show that compared with other methods, our model can recover more details in high-resolution image, although it does not get higher PSNR value.

Ground truth

Optical Flow

10.1088/1742-6596/1345/2/022028

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Factor Augmented Matrix Regression

Elynn Chen Jianqing Fan Xiaonan Zhu

Factor (programming language)

Matrix (chemical analysis)

10.2139/ssrn.4856343

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Plausibility Regions on Parameters of the Skew Normal Distribution Based on Inferential Models

Studies in computational intelligence (2017)

Xiaonan Zhu Baokun Li Mixia Wu Tonghui Wang

Skew normal distribution

Statistical Inference

Scale parameter

10.1007/978-3-319-70942-0_21

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Induction of Caspase-3-like activity in Rice following release of cytochrome-f from the chloroplast and subsequent interaction with the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System

Scientific Reports (2014)

Hongjuan Wang Xiaonan Zhu Huan Li Jing Cui Cheng Liu

It has been known that the process of leaf senescence is accompanied by programmed cell death (PCD) and the previous study indicated that dark-induced senescence in detached leaves from rice led to the release of cytochrome f (Cyt f) from chloroplast into the cytoplasm. In this study, the effects of Cyt f on PCD were studied both in vitro and in vivo. In a cell-free system, purified Cyt f activated caspase-3-like protease and endonuclease OsNuc37 and induced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, Cyt f-induced caspase-3-like activity could be inhibited by MG132, which suggests that the activity was attributed to the 26S proteasome. Conditional expression of Cyt f in the cytoplasm could also activate caspase-3-like activity and DNA fragmentation. Fluorescein diacetate staining and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining demonstrated that Cyt f expression in cytoplasm significantly increased the percentage of PCD protoplasts. Yeast two-hybrid screening showed that Cyt f might interact with E3-ubiquitin ligase and RPN9b, the subunits of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and other PCD-related proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that the released Cyt f from the chloroplast into the cytoplasm might activate or rescue caspase-3-like activity by interacting with the UPS, ultimately leading to the induction of PCD.

Fragmentation

10.1038/srep05989

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Citations (26)

Deep-blue emissive Cs3Cu2I5 perovskites nanocrystals with 96.6% quantum yield via InI3-assisted synthesis for light-emitting device and fluorescent ink applications

Nano Energy (2022)

Fei Gao Xiaonan Zhu Qiushi Feng Weiheng Zhong Weizhen Liu

Quantum yield

Solid-State Lighting

Photon Upconversion

10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107270

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Anticholinergic Medication Use, Dopaminergic Genotype, and Recurrent Falls

The Journals of Gerontology Series A (2021)

Andrea Rosso Zachary A. Marcum Xiaonan Zhu Nicolaas I. Bohnen Caterina Rosano

Abstract Background Anticholinergic medications are associated with fall risk. Higher dopaminergic signaling may provide resilience to these effects. We tested interactions between anticholinergic medication use and dopaminergic genotype on risk for recurrent falls over 10 years. Methods Participants in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study (n = 2 372, mean age = 73.6; 47.8% men; 60.0% White) without disability or anticholinergic use at baseline were followed for up to 10 years for falls. Medication use was documented in 7 of 10 years. Highly anticholinergic medications were defined by Beers criteria, 2019. Recurrent falls were defined as ≥2 in the 12 months following medication assessment. Generalized estimating equations tested the association of anticholinergic use with recurrent falls in the following 12 months, adjusted for demographics, health characteristics, and anticholinergic use indicators. Effect modification by dopaminergic genotype (catechol-O-methyltransferase [COMT]; Met/Met, higher dopamine signaling, n = 454 vs Val carriers, lower dopamine signaling, n = 1 918) was tested and analyses repeated stratified by genotype. Results During follow-up, 841 people reported recurrent falls. Anticholinergic use doubled the odds of recurrent falls (adjusted odds ratio [OR] [95% CI] = 2.09 [1.45, 3.03]), with suggested effect modification by COMT (p = .1). The association was present in Val carriers (adjusted OR [95% CI] = 2.16 [1.44, 3.23]), but not in Met/Met genotype (adjusted OR [95% CI] = 1.70 [0.66, 4.41]). Effect sizes were stronger when excluding baseline recurrent fallers. Conclusion Higher dopaminergic signaling may provide protection against increased 12-month fall risk from anticholinergic use. Assessing vulnerability to the adverse effects of anticholinergic medications could help in determination of risk/benefit ratio for prescribing and deprescribing anticholinergics in older adults.

Anticholinergic agents

10.1093/gerona/glab258

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Deletion of the Pemt gene increases progenitor cell mitosis, DNA and protein methylation and decreases calretinin expression in embryonic day 17 mouse hippocampus

Developmental Brain Research (2004)

Xiaonan Zhu Mei‐Heng Mar Jiannan Song Steven H. Zeisel

Calretinin

Knockout mouse

10.1016/j.devbrainres.2004.01.004

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Citations (40)