Liang Zhao

Applied Physical Sciences (United States)

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Jinsong Huang

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Zhenyi Ni

Zhejiang University

Ying Zhou

Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Xuezeng Dai

Applied Physical Sciences (United States)

Shuang Xu

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Li Song

Hebei University of Technology

Hao Xu

Nanjing Institute of Technology

Jingjing Zhao

Southwest University

Xun Xiao

Linköping University

Mintao Hui

Hebei University of Technology

Cooperative Institutions

Applied Physical Sciences (United States)

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Hebei University of Technology

Northwestern Polytechnical University

Sun Yat-sen University

Zhengzhou University

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Communities In Schools of Orange County

Ningbo University of Technology

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Recent Research Developments of Doped ZnO Films

Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays (2009)

Liang Zhao

The doped ZnO film is a new type of transparent and conductive oxide(TCO)material which was widely studied by the researchers because of its potential candidate to replace the ITO.There are a lot of potential applications in the liquid crystal devices,solar cells,et al,due to its excellent electrical and optical properties.Compared to the previous works,the latest developments of the n-type and p-type ZnO semiconductors in the past two years were summarized and future works were indicated and discussed in this paper.

Transparent conducting film

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Origin of the X-Ray-Induced Damage in Perovskite Solar Cells

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (2022)

Xuezeng Dai Chengbin Fei Praneeth Kandlakunta Liang Zhao Zhenyi Ni

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising candidates for not only terrestrial but also space applications. The remarkable power-per-weight of nearly 30 W/g makes them attractive to be deployed on a spacecraft. However, the high-energy radiation in outer space could damage the PSCs, making it crucial to understand their degradation mechanism. Here, we investigated the PSCs' response to X-ray radiation, and proposed that the X-ray-induced damage was attributed to the displacement of

$\text{I}^{-}$

, creating lattice defects by the radiation-generated secondary electrons. We verified the hypothesis by simulating the energy deposition of X-rays in PSCs and investigating the PSCs' in situ electronic responses to the X-ray and electron beam. Furthermore, we studied the variation in spatial distribution of trap densities under X-ray radiation, which revealed that the defect-abundant perovskite/Poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) interface was the most rapidly degraded site in PSCs.

Space Radiation

radiation damage

10.1109/tns.2022.3190200

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Social Culture Stereotype and Its application in Foreign Language Teaching

Journal of Xuzhou Normal University (2010)

Liang Zhao

Social and culture stereotype is an unavoidable question in the process of foreign language teaching.Foreign Language teaching is also the process of culture study.There have close relationships between them.Through the study of its application to Language Learning Situation,Culturology and National study,the article interprets effect of social culture stereotype on foreign language teaching.Social culture stereotype can be applied to foreign language teaching in two ways:the student-teacher and teacher-student models.During its implementation,focus should be put on the authenticity and objectivity of the course books,as well as the guiding role of the teacher and the variety of teaching styles.

Stereotype (UML)

Objectivity (philosophy)

Foreign language teaching

Communicative language teaching

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Separation of Azeotropic Mixtures of Ethyl Acetate + Methylcyclohexane: Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Measurements

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data (2023)

Liang Zhao Zhe Li Wei Wang Hua Zhou Zhi‐Kai Cao

It is a challenge to separate ethyl acetate from methylcyclohexane because of the azeotropic phenomenon. To provide a basis for the design of the separation process, the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria for an ethyl acetate + methylcyclohexane binary system were measured at 101.3 and 20.0 kPa using a modified Othmer-type still. The results show that ethyl acetate and methylcyclohexane form a miscible azeotropic mixture with minimum boiling temperature (349.99 K at 101.3 kPa), of which the composition varies slightly with decreasing pressure (≤101.3 kPa). It implies that ethyl acetate cannot be separated from methylcyclohexane by pressure-swing distillation. The azeotropy of ethyl acetate and methylcyclohexane disappears in the presence of decane (∼0.5 mole fraction), which means that ethyl acetate can be separated from methylcyclohexane by extractive distillation with decane as an entrainer.

Methylcyclohexane

Decane

Azeotropic distillation

10.1021/acs.jced.2c00682

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Heterojunction structures for reduced noise in large-area and sensitive perovskite x-ray detectors

Science Advances (2021)

Ying Zhou Liang Zhao Zhenyi Ni Shuang Xu Jingjing Zhao

Polycrystalline perovskites can be readily fabricated into large areas using solution depositions; however, they suffer from large dark currents that are tens to hundreds times higher than industrially relevant values, limiting their application in low-dose x-ray detection. Here, we show that the application of a heterojunction structure into polycrystalline films significantly reduces the dark current density by more than 200 times to subnanoampere per square centimeter without reducing the sensitivity of the detectors. The heterojunction perovskite films are formed by laminating several membrane films filled with perovskites of different bandgaps. A gradient bandgap is formed during annealing. The detectors have a lowest detectable dose rate of 13.8 ± 0.29 nGyair s−1 for 40-keV x-ray and can conduct dynamic x-ray imaging at a low-dose rate of 32.2 nGyair s−1. Simulation and experimental analysis show that the heterojunction is tolerant of halide diffusion and can be stable for over 15 years.

X-ray detector

Limiting

10.1126/sciadv.abg6716

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Highly-efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution enabled by piezotronic effects in SrTiO3/BaTiO3 nanofiber heterojunctions

Nano Energy (2024)

Mengqu Guo Jiang Zhong Wei Li Huilin Hou Chris Bowen

10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.109745

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Self-powered perovskite photon-counting detectors

Nature (2023)

Ying Zhou Chengbin Fei Md Aslam Uddin Liang Zhao Zhenyi Ni

Triiodide

Passivation

Photon Counting

Silicon Photomultiplier

10.1038/s41586-023-05847-6

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Stabilizing perovskite-substrate interfaces for high-performance perovskite modules

Science (2021)

Shangshang Chen Xuezeng Dai Shuang Xu Haoyang Jiao Liang Zhao

The interfaces of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are important in determining their efficiency and stability, but the morphology and stability of imbedded perovskite-substrate interfaces have received less attention than have top interfaces. We found that dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is a liquid additive broadly applied to enhance perovskite film morphology, was trapped during film formation and led to voids at perovskite-substrate interfaces that accelerated the film degradation under illumination. Partial replacement of DMSO with solid-state carbohydrazide reduces interfacial voids. A maximum stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.6% was realized for blade-coated p-type/intrinsic/n-type (p-i-n) structure PSCs with no efficiency loss after 550-hour operational stability tests at 60°C. The perovskite mini-modules showed certified PCEs of 19.3 and 19.2%, with aperture areas of 18.1 and 50.0 square centimeters, respectively.

10.1126/science.abi6323

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On the Apology Behavior and Strategy of English-Chinese Communication

Journal of Changchun Finance College (2009)

Liang Zhao

In cross-cultural communication,the apology language is often used in daily life and language.Implementation of apology is closely linked with pragmatics and social factors.In different cultural backgrounds of the United Kingdom,the United States and China,power,social distance,the degree of offensive behavior and other social factors on pragmatic produced different effects in choosing apology strategy.Only to respect and enhance the sensitivity of different cultures and practice as much as possible,can we truly master the second language and foreign languages and achieve successful cross-cultural communication.

Offensive

Cultural Sensitivity

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Carbazole-Based Hole Transport Polymer for Methylammonium-Free Tin–Lead Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Efficiency and Stability

ACS Energy Letters (2022)

Jiantao Wang Zhenhua Yu Daniel D. Astridge Zhenyi Ni Liang Zhao

As the most commonly used hole transport material (HTM) in tin–lead (Sn–Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) limits the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of the PSCs due to its acidic characteristics. Herein, an easily synthesized polymer HTM poly[(phenyl)imino[9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole]-2,7-diyl] (CzAn) with a shallow highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of −4.95 eV is used in a p-i-n structure, methylammonium-free, Sn–Pb PSC to replace PEDOT:PSS. Upon optimization using doping and surface engineering, high quality Sn–Pb PSCs could be successfully fabricated, boosting the PCE to 22.6% (stabilized PCE of 21.3%) compared with 21.2% for PEDOT:PSS. The perovskite films prepared on the modified CzAn HTM possess improved crystallinity, reduced trap-state density, and larger carrier mobility resulting in PSCs with greatly improved stability.

Carbazole

10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01578

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Citations (46)