John E. Bennett

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

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Peter R. Williamson

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

B. Mile

University of Bristol

R. Gordon Douglas

University of Auckland

D. J. E. Ingram

Transnational Press London

John Rex

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Kieren A. Marr

Johns Hopkins Medicine

Andrés H. Thomas

Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas

K. J. Kwon-Chung

National Institutes of Health

Raoul Herbrecht

Université de Strasbourg

G. Brunton

Yale University

Cooperative Institutions

National Institutes of Health

344

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

256

New York Proton Center

174

Faculty of 1000 (United States)

142

National Archaeological Museum

130

Engineering Associates (United States)

128

University of Chicago

122

Communities In Schools of Orange County

105

Harvard University

National Cancer Institute

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Intravascular Catheter Exchange and Duration of Candidemia

Clinical Infectious Diseases (1995)

John Rex John E. Bennett Alan M. Sugar Peter G. Pappas Jonathan S. Serody

During a comparative trial of amphotericin B vs. fluconazole for treatment of candidemia in nonneutropenic patients, data on the management of intravascular catheters were collected. Complete records were available for 91% of the 206 study patients. For the subset of patients with a catheter in place at the time of their first positive blood culture, removal and replacement of all intravascular catheters without exchange over a guidewire from a preexisting line on or before the first day the study drug was administered were associated with a reduction in the subsequent mean duration (+/- SE) of candidemia, from 5.6 +/ -0.8 days to 2.6 +/- 0.5 days (P < .001).

Fungemia

Blood Culture

10.1093/clinids/21.4.994

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Citations (255)

Catastrophic Visual Loss Due to Cryptococcus neoformans Meningitis

Medicine (1993)

John Rex Robert A. Larsen William E. Dismukes Gretchen A. Cloud John E. Bennett

REX, JOHN H.; LARSEN, ROBERT A.; DISMUKES, WILLIAM E.; CLOUD, GRETCHEN A.; BENNETT, JOHN E. Author Information

Papilledema

Optic neuritis

Cryptococcal meningitis

10.1097/00005792-199307000-00001

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Citations (139)

Paramagnetic Resonance in Phthalocyanine, Chlorophyll, and Haemoglobin Derivatives

The Journal of Chemical Physics (1954)

D. J. E. Ingram John E. Bennett

First Page

10.1063/1.1740286

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Citations (54)

Electron Spin Resonance of Hydrogen Atoms in a Free-burning Flame at Atmospheric Pressure

Nature (1970)

John E. Bennett B. Mile Raymond Summers

10.1038/225932b0

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Citations (14)

Transcriptional Profiling of Candida glabrata during Phagocytosis by Neutrophils and in the Infected Mouse Spleen

Infection and Immunity (2013)

Yuichi Fukuda Huei-Fung Tsai Timothy G. Myers John E. Bennett

ABSTRACT Expression microarray analysis of Candida glabrata following phagocytosis by human neutrophils was performed, and results were compared with those from C. glabrata incubated under conditions of carbohydrate or nitrogen deprivation. Twenty genes were selected to represent the major cell processes altered by phagocytosis or nutrient deprivation. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) with TaqMan chemistry was used to assess expression of the same genes in spleens of mice infected intravenously with Candida glabrata . The results in spleen closely paralleled gene expression in neutrophils or following carbohydrate deprivation. Fungal cells responded by upregulating alternative energy sources through gluconeogenesis, glyoxylate cycle, and long-chain fatty acid metabolism. Autophagy was likely employed to conserve intracellular resources. Aspartyl protease upregulation occurred and may represent defense against attacks on cell wall integrity. Downregulated genes were in the pathways of protein and ergosterol synthesis. Upregulation of the sterol transport gene AUS1 suggested that murine cholesterol may have been used to replace ergosterol, as has been reported in vitro. C. glabrata isolates in spleens of gp91 phox−/− knockout mice with reduced oxidative phagocyte defenses were grossly similar although with a reduced level of response. These results are consistent with reported results of other fungi responding to phagocytosis, indicating that a rapid shift in metabolism is required for growth in a carbohydrate-limited intracellular environment.

Candida glabrata

10.1128/iai.00851-12

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Citations (37)

The chemical preparation and electron spin resonance spectra of specific trapped hydrocarbon radicals

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences (1964)

John E. Bennett Andrés H. Thomas

The restriction of a free-radical reaction to a single elementary step has been achieved by means of a rotating cryostat. Beams of vapour of halohydrocarbon and sodium are condensed upon opposite sides of the exterior surface of a rapidly rotating stainless-steel drum which contains liquid nitrogen. Each reactant deposits on a freshly formed surface of the other. The halohydrocarbon layer is about nine monolayers thick, but the sodium layer is so thin that it is discontinuous, there being only one atom of sodium to approximately twenty-five surface molecules of the halohydrocarbon. Radicals formed by the reaction RX + Na.→ R .+ Na X are trapped on this surface, surrounded by unreactive neighbours. As deposition continues they are covered over, and a structure like a Swiss roll is built up in which radicals are sandwiched between layers of excess halohydrocarbon. By suitable choice of halohydrocarbon a specific radical may be prepared, and the method has proved to be a general one for the chemical preparation of hydrocarbon radicals. Electron spin resonance spectra of the following radicals have been recorded: propyl, butyl, heptyl, phenylethyl, s-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, hept-4-yl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, allyl, phenyl and benzyl. The spectra of the alkyl radicals are discussed in relation to molecular configuration.

10.1098/rspa.1964.0135

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Citations (35)

IL-12 prevents mortality in mice infected with Histoplasma capsulatum through induction of IFN-gamma.

The Journal of Immunology (1995)

Ping Zhou M C Sieve John E. Bennett K. J. Kwon-Chung Ram P. Tewari

Abstract Histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic fungus found in discrete geographic locations throughout the world. The fungus invades the reticuloendothelial organs such as the spleen and liver of immunocompetent hosts where it is usually controlled. However, in individuals with immune deficiency, histoplasmosis is a severe and potentially fatal disease. Resistance to this infection is due primarily to a cellular immune response mediated by T cells and macrophages. Moreover, IFN-gamma is critical in activating macrophages to kill the organism. Herein we study the regulation of cytokine induction in mice infected with H. capsulatum and the effects of IL-12 in the course of infection. Mice infected with H. capsulatum and treated with neutralizing Abs to IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, or IL-12 experienced accelerated mortality, indicating that endogenous production of these cytokines plays an important role in response to infection. In contrast, mice treated with IL-12 or a neutralizing Ab to IL-4 at the initiation of infection had substantially diminished mortality. Moreover, mice infected and treated with IL-12 show a two- to threefold increase in the amount of IFN-gamma following in vitro stimulation with specific H. capsulatum Ag compared with the control infected mice. The protective effect of IL-12 could be abrogated if a neutralizing Ab to IFN-gamma was given at the same time, demonstrating that the role of IL-12 in protection was mediated by IFN-gamma. Additionally, infected mice treated with IL-12 had a severalfold decrease in the colony counts of H. capsulatum in spleen cells after 5 days of infection as compared with control animals. Lastly, spleen cells from infected animals treated with IL-12 showed a striking decrease in their proliferative response to mitogen or H. capsulatum Ag. Responses could be restored by adding inhibitors of IFN-gamma or of nitric oxide to the in vitro cultures. The above observations suggest that IL-12 may be useful in immunologic intervention against this opportunistic pathogen.

Histoplasma

10.4049/jimmunol.155.2.785

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Citations (214)

Diversity of DNA fingerprints in Cryptococcus neoformans

Journal of Clinical Microbiology (1995)

Ashok Varma D. Swinne F. Staib John E. Bennett Kyung J. Kwon‐Chung

DNA fingerprint patterns of 156 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates (26 AIDS patients, 46 non-AIDS patients, and 40 environmental sources) from both varieties (126 C. neoformans var. neoformans and 30 C. neoformans var. gattii isolates) and from seven countries were analyzed by using the DNA probe UT-4p. Nine and twelve distinct DNA fingerprint patterns were observed for isolates of the C. neoformans var. neoformans and var. gattii, respectively. No pattern was unique to AIDS patients, non-AIDS patients, or the environment. Pattern II was observed more often in non-AIDS patients (8 of 23) than in AIDS patients (0 of 25). Pattern V was the most prevalent pattern (42 of 82) in clinical and environmental isolates. Isolates from three AIDS patients in Burundi and Zaire exhibited patterns identical to each other but different from those of isolates collected from their houses (i.e., dust of floors, walls, etc.) or a nearby pigeon coop. DNA fingerprint stability was determined for 53 isolates from nine non-AIDS patients at different time intervals during 5 to 128 weeks of antifungal therapy. For eight patients, the fingerprint pattern was stable while the ninth may have had a mixed infection. Pattern II was observed in 4 of 9 patients, which is similar to 4 of 14 in other non-AIDS patients as reported here. In spite of the extensive pattern heterogeneity among 15 C. neoformans var. gattii isolates in Australia, the patterns observed in seven California isolates were quite different from those in Australia. Among isolates of C. neoformans var. gattii, one fingerprint pattern (designated b) was observed in several countries of the Far East. The fingerprint patterns of two of three environmental isolates from Eucalyptus camaldulensis trees in Australia were identical to those of 2 of the 12 clinical isolates from the country.

DNA profiling

10.1128/jcm.33.7.1807-1814.1995

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Citations (81)

Selection ofura5 andura3 mutants from the two varieties ofCryptococcus neoformanson 5-fluoroorotic acid medium

Medical Mycology (1992)

K. J. Kwon-Chung Ashok K. Varma Jeffrey C. Edman John E. Bennett

Journal Article Selection of ura5 and ura3 mutants from the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans on 5-fluoroorotic acid medium Get access K. J. Kwon-Chung, K. J. Kwon-Chung 1Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Correspondence address: Dr K. J. Kwon-Chung, LCI, NIAID, NIH, Building 10, Room 11N104, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Varma, A. Varma 1Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. C. Edman, J. C. Edman 2Hormone Research Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. E. Bennett J. E. Bennett 1Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology, Volume 30, Issue 1, January 1992, Pages 61–69, https://doi.org/10.1080/02681219280000081 Published: 01 January 1992 Article history Accepted: 25 September 1991 Published: 01 January 1992

10.1080/02681219280000081

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Citations (53)

Reactivity and structure of N-phenylnaphth-1-ylamines and related compounds. Part 1. Reactions with alkylperoxyl radicals

Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions II (1983)

John E. Bennett G. Brunton Alexander R. Forrester Joseph D. Fullerton

Rate constants for the reaction of a series of N-phenylnaphth-1-ylamines and some related nitroxides and hydroxylamines with t-alkylperoxyl radicals have been measured using kinetic e.s.r. spectrometry and activation energies and A factors have been derived. The stoicheiometry of the reaction (peroxyl radical to N-phenylnaphth-1-ylamine) has been shown to be ca. 2 in all cases.

Reactivity

10.1039/p29830001477

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Citations (21)