Yuko Fukue

Institute for Biodiversity

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Masato Minami

Osaka University

Midori Saeki

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Yasuhiro Nakajima

Advanced Analysis Center

Chinatsu Kozakai

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Naoko Higuchi

Shionogi (Japan)

Rumiko Nakashita

Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute

Mayura B. Takada

Chuo University

Ayaka Hata

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Hikaru Uno

Advanced Analysis Center

Yayoi Kaneko

Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

Cooperative Institutions

Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science

Azabu University

National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Tohoku University

Hokkaido University

The University of Tokyo

Waseda University

Tokyo University of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Center

Kyushu University

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Recent animal welfare relate topics in carnivore research : Facts and conditions of euthanasia in wildlife research and its effect to researchers

Risako Nakashima Sachie Miwata Sayoko Hamano Yuko Fukue Yayoi Kaneko

Carnivore

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Genetic Variation in Y-Chromosome Genes of Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan

ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE (2020)

Kazuaki Tanaka Asuka Hoshi Rai Nojima Kaho Suzuki Harutaka Takiguchi

Sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan are classified into southern and northern groups. However, previous studies primarily relied on maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The paternally inherited Y-chromosome is useful for analyzing the contribution of males to the population genetic history of sika deer. In total, approximately 16 kb of partial sequences of four Y-chromosomal genes, Y-linked, sex-determining region Y, DEAD-box helicase 3 Y-linked, and Zinc finger protein Y-linked, were sequenced to investigate intraspecific variation. As a result, we identified nine intronic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 478 sika deer samples collected over the entire Japanese archipelago from Hokkaido to Kyushu. SNP genotyping revealed 10 distinct haplotypes (SYH1–SYH10). The most common haplotype (SYH1) was present in all populations and was the most abundant haplotype, identified in 80.3% of the sampled individuals. The remaining haplotypes were unique to a single locality. SYH1 was also central to all other haplotypes that diverged by a SNP, resulting in this haplotype being the core of a star-like cluster topography. We found that contrary to mtDNA patterns, there was no clear differentiation of Y-chromosome markers between the southern and the northern populations. Due to the female philopatry of sika deer, mtDNA may provide a highly structured differentiation of populations. On the other hand, the male-biased gene flow may provide a reduced differentiation of populations. Our findings revealed that the genetic structure of the Japanese sika deer is more complex than previously thought based on mtDNA-based phylogeographic studies.

Haplogroup

Cervus

10.2108/zs200043

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Effectiveness of four electric fences for preventing Sika deer entry into meadows

Japanese Journal of Farm Work Research (2016)

Hideharu Tsukada Keisuke Ishikawa Tamaki Kida Norihiro Shimizu Masahiko Takeuchi

牧草地へのシカの侵入を防止する効果を4種類の電気柵（ポリワイヤ2種類，高張力鋼線，網型ポリワイヤ）で比較した．センサカメラの撮影結果を用いて，牧草地へのシカ侵入日数の割合を電気柵無設置の対照区と比較した結果，4種類の電気柵はいずれも有意な侵入防止効果を示した．とりわけ高張力鋼線電気柵および網型ポリワイヤ電気柵が高い侵入防止効果を示し，網型ポリワイヤ電気柵では4年にわたり効果が持続した．この高い侵入防止効果には電気柵の強度および電牧線を設置する高さと位置が影響したと考えられる．長期使用による経済性を考慮すると，耐久性の高い高張力鋼線電気柵を選択し，最上段を140 cm以上の高さとし，45 cm程度の高さに張り出し線を設置する方法が推奨される．

10.4035/jsfwr.51.39

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Occurrence patterns of crop-foraging sika deer distribution in an agriculture-forest landscape revealed by nitrogen stable isotopes

Authorea (Authorea) (2021)

Ayaka Hata Rumiko Nakashita Keita Fukasawa Masato Minami Yuko Fukue

Conflicts arising from the consumption of anthropogenic foods by wildlife are increasing worldwide. Conventional tools for evaluating the spatial distribution pattern of large terrestrial mammals that consume anthropogenic foods have various limitations, despite their importance in management to mitigate conflicts. In this study, we examined the spatial distribution pattern of crop-foraging sika deer by performing nitrogen stable isotope analyses of bone collagen. We evaluated whether crop-foraging deer lived closer to agricultural crop fields during the winter and spring, when crop production decreases. We found that female deer in proximity to agricultural crop fields during the winter and spring were more likely to be crop-foraging individuals. Furthermore, the likelihood of crop consumption by females decreased by half as the distance to agricultural crop fields increased to 10 km and fell to essentially zero at a distance of approximately 40 km. We did not detect a significant trend in the spatial distribution of crop-foraging male deer. The findings of spatial distribution patterns of crop-foraging female deer will be useful for the establishment of management areas, such as zonation, for efficient removal of them.

10.22541/au.162688315.55778371/v1

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Comparative Morphology of the Lingual Papillae and Their Connective Tissue Cores in the Tongue of the American Mink,Neovison vison

ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE (2014)

Ken Yoshimura Yuko Fukue Ryosuke Kishimoto Junji Shindo Ikuo Kageyama

We observed the morphology of the lingual papillae (filiform, conical, fungiform, and vallate papillae, and lateral organ) and their connective tissue cores (CTCs) in the American mink (Neovison vison) using light and scanning electron microscopy. Filiform papillae were distributed on the apex linguae and rostral regions of the corpus linguae. Conical papillae were distributed over the caudal region and absent in the radix linguae. Numerous ridges were present in the radix linguae. Four to six vallate papillae were situated at the border between the corpus and radix linguae. Instead of foliate papillae, a pair of lateral organs was situated on the caudal edge of the corpus. The epithelial surface of each filiform papilla consisted of a single main process and 10–12 accessory processes. Notably, filiform papillae in the apex linguae exhibited morphological variation, and some were dome-like and lacked processes. In contrast, filiform papillae on the rostral part were not variable, were extended to a sharp tip, were associated with an eosinophilic stratum corneum, and lacked nuclei. The CTCs of the filiform papillae consisted of a main core and slender accessory cores surrounding a concavity. Those in the apex linguae were similar in appearance and consisted of main and adjacent accessory cores. The fungiform papillae had a dome-like epithelial surface and their CTCs were columnar, with upper concavities and flanges. The simplified lingual morphology of the American mink, particularly in the filiform papillae in the apex linguae, may be influenced by its diet and semiaquatic lifestyle.

Lingual papilla

Apex (geometry)

Major duodenal papilla

Morphology

10.2108/zs130214

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Animal Welfare in Wildlife Studies －What are guidelines for the care of wild mammals in field research－

Japanese Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (2002)

Yuko Fukue Yayoi Kaneko Yukihiko Hashimoto Takeshi Fujii Bungo KANAZAWA

近年,日本においても「Animal Welfare(動物福祉)」の考えは浸透し,特に実験動物では,倫理的な取り扱いのためのガイドラインや作業マニュアルなどが作成されてきている。しかし,日本では野生動物に対する「Animal Welfare」の意識は低く,共通認識すら出来上がっていない。すなわち,動物の取り扱いは個人のモラルに委ねられている。野生動物の場合,実験動物における「3 Rs(Replacement, Reduction, Refinement)」全てを実施することは難しく,個体そのものだけではなく,個体の属する個体群や生態系まで配慮して調査研究を行うことが求められる。食肉目調査マニュアル作成準備会では,上記のことを鑑み,「野生動物の福祉」を考慮した食肉目調査マニュアルの作成とともに「野生動物の取り扱いに関するガイドライン」の策定を呼びかけるための準備として,食肉目の研究者を対象にアンケート調査を行った。その結果,回答者の約90%が哺乳類研究において「動物福祉」の観点と「野生動物の取り扱いに関するガイドライン」が必要だと回答した。また調査遂行上,発生した問題点や失敗例に関する設問に対し,95%が失敗の経験があると答え,その内容は捕獲,器具の装着,麻酔に関するものであった。本稿では,食肉目研究者から得られたアンケート結果と,海外の「動物の取り扱いに関するガイドライン」を紹介し,日本における野生動物調査研究における問題点と課題を論じる。

10.5686/jjzwm.7.23

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Agricultural crop consumption induces precocious maturity in deer by improving physical and reproductive performance

Ecosphere (2021)

Ayaka Hata Rumiko Nakashita Tomoko Anezaki Masato Minami Yuko Fukue

Abstract Anthropogenic foods such as agricultural crops have potential to give large impacts on wildlife populations. However, few studies have addressed the impact of anthropogenic food consumption on the individual performance and then population of long‐lived mammals such as large herbivores. In this study, we investigated the effect of agricultural crop consumption on the physical characteristics and reproductive performances of sika deer ( Cervus nippon ) in central Japan. To investigate the relative dietary contribution of agricultural crops for each individual, we performed nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bone collagen. Our results suggest that nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ 15 N) could be used as an index of the relative dietary contribution of agricultural crops. The δ 15 N value of agricultural crops was much higher than that of wild plants and that of bone collagen varied widely among individuals. Deer ≤4 yr old that were more likely to consume agricultural crops tended to be larger and have a higher reproductive rate. In contrast, body size and reproductive rate did not vary according to the relative dietary contribution of agricultural crops in individuals ≥5 yr old. These results indicate that consumption of anthropogenic foods can induce precocious maturity in younger individuals by improving their physical characteristics and reproductive performance. Agricultural crop consumption is therefore likely to be an important factor in the population dynamics of large herbivores living in agricultural landscapes.

Agricultural land

10.1002/ecs2.3464

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Occurrence patterns of crop‐foraging sika deer distribution in an agriculture–forest landscape revealed by nitrogen stable isotopes

Ecology and Evolution (2021)

Ayaka Hata Rumiko Nakashita Keita Fukasawa Masato Minami Yuko Fukue

Abstract Conflicts arising from the consumption of anthropogenic foods by wildlife are increasing worldwide. Conventional tools for evaluating the spatial distribution pattern of large terrestrial mammals that consume anthropogenic foods have various limitations, despite their importance in management to mitigate conflicts. In this study, we examined the spatial distribution pattern of crop‐foraging sika deer by performing nitrogen stable isotope analyses of bone collagen. We evaluated whether crop‐foraging deer lived closer to agricultural crop fields during the winter and spring, when crop production decreases. We found that female deer in proximity to agricultural crop fields during the winter and spring were more likely to be crop‐foraging individuals. Furthermore, the likelihood of crop consumption by females decreased by half as the distance to agricultural crop fields increased to 5–10 km. We did not detect a significant trend in the spatial distribution of crop‐foraging male deer. The findings of spatial distribution patterns of crop‐foraging female deer will be useful for the establishment of management areas, such as zonation, for efficient removal of them.

10.1002/ece3.8216

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Citations (4)

Scanning sympatric sika deer and Japanese serows using drones: A methodological trial in Mt. Asama, Central Japan

Grassland Science (2023)

Yoichi Ito Yuko Fukue Masato Minami

Abstract The negative impacts of sika deer ( Cervus nippon ) on Japanese serows ( Capricornis crispus ) are a subject of concern in the mountainous regions of Japan. To develop a methodology to collect information with regard to the abundance and habitat selection of sympatric large mammals using drones (unmanned aerial vehicles; UAVs) equipped with thermal infrared and red‐green‐blue (RGB) sensors, surveys were conducted at night and in the early morning in a high mountainous habitat. Despite the similar size and shape in thermal infrared images for sika deer and Japanese serows, species identification based on body color using RGB images was possible during the period from dawn to early morning. The UAV surveys also revealed the large abundance of deer (>40 deer/km 2 ) and suggested different habitat selection between deer and serows in the alpine grassland. Our results were the first snapshots of sympathetic deer and serow distribution. UAV surveys using both thermal infrared and RGB sensors in early morning could be useful for research and monitoring of large mammals in open areas, such as grasslands, marshlands, high mountains, farmlands and drylands.

Aerial Survey

10.1111/grs.12404

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Tooth Development and Replacement in the Japanese Greater Horseshoe Bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon(COMMUNICATION)(Developmental Biology)

ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE (1992)

Kimitake Funakoshi Yuko Fukue Shoji Tabata

Horseshoe crab

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