Traffic flow monitoring plays a crucial role in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) by dealing with real-time data on traffic situations and allowing effectual traffic management and optimization. A typical approach used for traffic flow monitoring frequently depends on collection and analysis of the data through a manual process that is not only resource-intensive, but also a time-consuming process. Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches like ensemble learning demonstrate promising outcomes in numerous ITS applications. With this stimulus, the current study proposes an Improved Artificial Rabbits Optimization with Ensemble Learning-based Traffic Flow Monitoring System (IAROEL-TFMS) for ITS. The primary intention of the proposed IAROEL-TFMS technique is to employ the feature subset selection process with optimal ensemble learning so as to predict the traffic flow. In order to accomplish this, the IAROEL-TFMS technique initially designs the IARO-based feature selection approach to elect a set of features. In addition, the traffic flow is predicted using the ensemble model that comprises a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Long Short-term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU). Finally, the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) is applied for the adjustment of the optimum hyperparameters of all three DL models. In order to highlight the improved prediction results of the proposed IAROEL-TFMS algorithm, an extensive range of simulations was conducted. The simulation outcomes imply the supremacy of the IAROEL-TFMS methodology over other existing approaches with a minimum RMSE of 16.4539.
Remote sensing (RS) data can be attained from different sources, such as drones, satellites, aerial platforms, or street-level cameras. Each source has its own characteristics, including the spectral bands, spatial resolution, and temporal coverage, which may affect the performance of the vehicle detection algorithm. Vehicle detection for urban applications using remote sensing imagery (RSI) is a difficult but significant task with many real-time applications. Due to its potential in different sectors, including traffic management, urban planning, environmental monitoring, and defense, the detection of vehicles from RS data, such as aerial or satellite imagery, has received greater emphasis. Machine learning (ML), especially deep learning (DL), has proven to be effective in vehicle detection tasks. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is widely utilized to detect vehicles and automatically learn features from the input images. This study develops the Improved Deep Learning-Based Vehicle Detection for Urban Applications using Remote Sensing Imagery (IDLVD-UARSI) technique. The major aim of the IDLVD-UARSI method emphasizes the recognition and classification of vehicle targets on RSI using a hyperparameter-tuned DL model. To achieve this, the IDLVD-UARSI algorithm utilizes an improved RefineDet model for the vehicle detection and classification process. Once the vehicles are detected, the classification process takes place using the convolutional autoencoder (CAE) model. Finally, a Quantum-Based Dwarf Mongoose Optimization (QDMO) algorithm is applied to ensure an optimal hyperparameter tuning process, demonstrating the novelty of the work. The simulation results of the IDLVD-UARSI technique are obtained on a benchmark vehicle database. The simulation values indicate that the IDLVD-UARSI technique outperforms the other recent DL models, with maximum accuracy of 97.89% and 98.69% on the VEDAI and ISPRS Potsdam databases, respectively.
Recently, the identification of human text and ChatGPT-generated text has become a hot research topic. The current study presents a Tunicate Swarm Algorithm with Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (TSA-LSTMRNN) model to detect both human as well as ChatGPT-generated text. The purpose of the proposed TSA-LSTMRNN method is to investigate the model’s decision and detect the presence of any particular pattern. In addition to this, the TSA-LSTMRNN technique focuses on designing Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), word embedding, and count vectorizers for the feature extraction process. For the detection and classification processes, the LSTMRNN model is used. Finally, the TSA is employed for selecting the parameters for the LSTMRNN approach, which enables improved detection performance. The simulation performance of the proposed TSA-LSTMRNN technique was investigated on benchmark databases, and the outcome demonstrated the advantage of the TSA-LSTMRNN system over other recent methods with a maximum accuracy of 93.17% and 93.83% on human- and ChatGPT-generated datasets, respectively.
Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer related death owing to its destructive nature and postponed detection at advanced stages. Early recognition of lung cancer is essential to increase the survival rate of persons and it remains a crucial problem in the healthcare sector. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) models can be designed to effectually identify and classify the existence of lung cancer using medical images. The recently developed deep learning (DL) models find a way for accurate lung nodule classification process. Therefore, this article presents a deer hunting optimization with deep convolutional neural network for lung cancer detection and classification (DHODCNN-LCC) model. The proposed DHODCNN-LCC technique initially undergoes pre-processing in two stages namely contrast enhancement and noise removal. Besides, the features extraction process on the pre-processed images takes place using the Nadam optimizer with RefineDet model. In addition, denoising stacked autoencoder (DSAE) model is employed for lung nodule classification. Finally, the deer hunting optimization algorithm (DHOA) is utilized for optimal hyper parameter tuning of the DSAE model and thereby results in improved classification performance. The experimental validation of the DHODCNN-LCC technique was implemented against benchmark dataset and the outcomes are assessed under various aspects. The experimental outcomes reported the superior outcomes of the DHODCNN-LCC technique over the recent approaches with respect to distinct measures.
Intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) detection is a critical task in radiology and neurology, as timely recognition of haemorrhages in the brain can assist in rapid intervention and treatment. Several imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are widely utilized to detect and classify ICH. Traditional methods for intracranial haemorrhage detection relied on manual inspection of CT images by radiologists. However, with advancements in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques, automated and computer-aided systems have been developed to assist radiologists in detecting and diagnosing ICH efficiently. DL models, particularly convolutional neural network (CNN), has shown promising results in ICH detection on CT images. With this motivation, this study focuses on the development of a Political Optimizer with Deep Learning based Intracranial Haemorrhage Diagnosis on Healthcare Management (PODL-ICHDHM) technique. The presented PODL-ICHDHM technique majorly concentrates on the recognition and classification of ICH on CT images. In this study, bilateral filtering (BF) is initially applied to pre-process the CT images. For feature extraction purposes, the Faster SqueezeNet approach is utilized in this study. At last, the PO algorithm with denoising autoencoder (DAE) model is utilized for the classification of ICH accurately. The experimental result analysis of the PODL-ICHDHM approach was validated on a benchmark dataset. The outcomes emphasized the improved performance of the PODL-ICHDHM algorithm over other recent approaches with a maximum detection accuracy of 98.43%.