Abstract Purpose Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) requires a therapeutic approach that takes into account multiple factors, with treatment being based on anti-estrogen hormone therapy (HT). As consensus documents are valuable tools that assist in the decision-making process for establishing clinical strategies and optimize the delivery of health services, this consensus document has been created with the aim of developing recommendations on cretiera for hormone sensitivity and resistance in HER2-negative luminal MBC and facilitating clinical decision-making. Methods This consensus document was generated using a modification of the RAND/UCLA methodology, which included the definition of the project and identification of issues of interest, a non-exhaustive systematic review of the literature, an analysis and synthesis of the scientific evidence, preparation of recommendations, and external evaluation with a panel of 64 medical oncologists specializing in breast cancer. Results A Spanish panel of experts reached consensus on 32 of the 32 recommendations/conclusions presented in the first round and were accepted with an approval rate of 100% about definition of metastatic disease not susceptible to local curative treatment, definition of hormone sensitivity and hormone resistance in metastatic luminal disease and therapeutic decision-making. Conclusion We have developed a consensus document with recommendations on the treatment of patients with HER2-negative luminal MBC that will help to improve therapeutic benefits.
Mechanisms driving tumor progression from less aggressive subtypes to more aggressive states represent key targets for therapy. We identified a subset of luminal A primary breast tumors that give rise to HER2-enriched (HER2E) subtype metastases, but remain clinically HER2 negative (cHER2–). By testing the unique genetic and transcriptomic features of these cases, we developed the hypothesis that FGFR4 likely participates in this subtype switching. To evaluate this, we developed 2 FGFR4 genomic signatures using a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model treated with an FGFR4 inhibitor, which inhibited PDX growth in vivo. Bulk tumor gene expression analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that the inhibition of FGFR4 signaling caused molecular switching. In the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) breast cancer cohort, FGFR4-induced and FGFR4-repressed signatures each predicted overall survival. Additionally, the FGFR4-induced signature was an independent prognostic factor beyond subtype and stage. Supervised analysis of 77 primary tumors with paired metastases revealed that the FGFR4-induced signature was significantly higher in luminal/ER+ tumor metastases compared with their primaries. Finally, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the FGFR4-induced signature also predicted site-specific metastasis for lung, liver, and brain, but not for bone or lymph nodes. These data identify a link between FGFR4-regulated genes and metastasis, suggesting treatment options for FGFR4-positive patients, whose high expression is not caused by mutation or amplification.
Abstract Background: Efficacy Interim results from PATRICIA phase II trial in HER2+/HR+ advanced breast cancer (BC) showed that PAM50 luminal disease was associated with larger and clinically meaningful progression-free survival (PFS) following palbociclib, trastuzumab and endocrine therapy compared to PAM50 non-luminal disease (Ciruelos E. et al, SABCS 2018). Based on these preliminary results, PATRICIA II was designed to select patients based on PAM50 and to include a randomization to a control arm. Trial Design: PATRICIA II is a randomized open-label, adaptive design, phase II study. Eligible patients must have centrally confirmed HR+/HER2+ and PAM50 Luminal A or B intrinsic subtype tumors and have received at least 1 (and no more than 4) prior lines of anti-HER2 regimens for locally advanced or metastatic BC, including a taxane and trastuzumab. Patients are randomized 1:1 to receive trastuzumab in combination with palbociclib at a standard dose of 125 mg/day orally 3 weeks on/1 week off and endocrine therapy (cohort C1) or treatment of physician’s choice (TPC): TDM1 or chemotherapy (gemcitabine, vinorelbine, capecitabine, eribulin, paclitaxel or docetaxel) in combination with trastuzumab (cohort C2). ET options are either an aromatase inhibitor, fulvestrant or tamoxifen. Premenopausal patients (pts) must receive ovarian suppression. Stratification factors include number of previous regimens for advanced BC (1-2 vs 3-4) and the presence of visceral disease (yes vs no). The primary objective is to assess whether the combination of palbociclib, trastuzumab and endocrine therapy is superior to TPC in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) in HER2+, PAM50 Luminal patients. The study has an 80% power with two-sided alpha=0.05 to detect a hazard ratio of 0.62 in favor of the palbociclib arm. An adaptive design will be used to compare both treatment arms. An interim analysis (IA) adjusted for multiplicity from O’Brien-Fleming method and an estimation of the conditional power (CP) will be performed at 70% of the events by an Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC). Key secondary objectives are response rate, overall survival, safety, and Quality of Life. Tumor tissue and blood samples will be collected for biomarker analyses. A total of 516 patients will be screened and 232 patients will be recruited. The trial was activated in June 2019 and the recruitment is ongoing in 20 sites in Spain. The study is sponsored by SOLTI and financially supported by Pfizer. Citation Format: Eva Ciruelos, Patricia Villagrasa, Mafalda Oliveira, Sonia Pernas, Javier Cortes, Silvia Vazquez, Noelia Martínez, Antonia Perello, Begoña Bermejo, Eduardo Martínez, Isabel Garau, Mireia Melé, Alvaro Montaño, Estela Vega, Blanca Cantos, María Jose Echarri, Tomás Pascual, Jordi Canes, Pamela Céliz, Xavier González, Aleix Prat. Palbociclib in combination with trastuzumab and endocrine therapy (ET) versus treatment of physician's choice (TPC) in metastatic HER2-positive and hormone receptor-positive (HER2+/HR+) breast cancer with PAM50 luminal intrinsic subtype (SOLTI-1303 PATRICIA II): A multi-center, randomized, open-label, phase II trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-02-06.
Background: CDI is the main cause of antibiotic associated infectious diarrhea.Incidence, severity and burden on the healthcare system related to CDI have increased in last decade in many industrialized countries.Epidemiological data of CDI are scarce in Southern Europe.Aims: To evaluate incidence and secular trend of nosocomial CDI between 2000 and 2009 in two Spanish referral hospitals.To analyze the highest incidence rates across specialties.Methods: Setting: Two referral hospitals in the Barcelona metropolitan area.Design: Retrospective surveillance study.Laboratory CDI diagnosis: Positive toxigenic culture and/or toxin detection in fecal samples using cell citoxicity neutralization assay.Patients: All in-patients from whom an appropriate fecal sample was submitted for CDI study between January 2000 and December 2009 were included.Nosocomial CDI case definition: A nosocomial CDI case was defined by the presence of either a positive stool test for C. difficile toxin or toxigenic C. difficile more than 48 hours after admission and that not have been diagnosed of CDI within the previous 28 days.Results: We identified 278 cases.Between 2000 and 2005 CDI incidence remained stable (0.52 and 0.54 cases/10.000inpatient days in 2000 and 2005 respectively).During second half of this decade a four fold increase in incidence occurred (0.79, 1.48, 1.95 y 2.33 cases/10.000in-patient days in 2006, 2007, 2008 y 2009 respectively).During de same period there was an increased hospitalary antibiotics consumption (from 56 to 67 defined daily doses/100 in-patient days between 2000 and 2009) that correlated with nosocomial CDI incidence (r = 0.98, p < 0.001).Hematology, ICU, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology Departments had the highest CDI incidence rates.Conclusions: CDI incidence has quadruplicate during second half of last decade coinciding with an increased use of antibiotics.Our results highlight the importance of CDI surveillance in hospitals, specially among high risk departments.
Abstract Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels may predict response to anticancer drugs, including CDK4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy combinations (CDK4/6i+ET); however, critical questions remain unanswered such as which assay or statistical method to use. Here, we obtained paired plasma samples at baseline and week 4 in 45 consecutive patients with advanced breast cancer treated with CDK4/6i+ET. ctDNA was detected in 96% of cases using the 74-gene Guardant360 assay. A variant allele fraction ratio (VAFR) was calculated for each of the 79 detected mutations between both timepoints. Mean of all VAFRs (mVAFR) was computed for each patient. In our dataset, mVAFR was significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS). Baseline VAF, on-treatment VAF or absolute changes in VAF were not associated with PFS, nor were CA-15.3 levels at baseline, week 4 or the CA-15.3 ratio. These findings demonstrate that ctDNA dynamics using a standardized multi-gene panel and a unique methodological approach predicts treatment outcome. Clinical trials in patients with an unfavorable ctDNA response are needed.