M. Wesner

Osnabrück University

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Detlef Kip

Helmut Schmidt University

C. Herden

Technische Universität Braunschweig

P. Moretti

D-Tree International

V. Shandarov

Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio-Electronics

E. Krätzig

Osnabrück University

Vladymir M. Shandarov

Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio-Electronics

Jingjun Xu

Nankai University

J. Hukriede

Deutsche Post (Germany)

M. Imlau

Osnabrück University

L. Wischmeier

Carl Zeiss (Germany)

Cooperative Institutions

Osnabrück University

Institute of Physics

National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

National Academy of Sciences

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics

Russian Academy of Sciences

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

Institute of Physics

Physico-Technical Institute

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Wave mixing in nominally undoped Sn2P2S6 at high light intensities

Applied Physics B (2009)

A. Shumelyuk M. Wesner M. Imlau S. Odoulov

Millisecond

Intensity

Four-wave mixing

10.1007/s00340-009-3405-3

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Citations (16)

Spatial Photorefractive Solitons in Planar Strontium-Barium Niobate Waveguides

Detlef Kip M. Wesner C. Herden V. Shandarov P. Moretti

We demonstrate the formation of (l+l)-dimensional photorefraetive spatial solitons in a planar, eerium-doped strontium-barium niobate waveguide that has been fabricated by helium implantation. Screening solitons are observed for light wavelengths in the range from 514.5 to 1152 nm. We have found a thresholdlike behavior of the beam diameter of the outeoupled light on the strength of the applied electric biasing held. Furthermore we have investigated coherent collisions between two photorefraetive solitons in our sample and observe fusion, repelling, energy exchange, or the creation of a third soliton.

Strontium barium niobate

Waveguide

10.1364/apmed.1999.sdpf10

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Interaction of spatial photorefractive solitons in a planar waveguide

Applied Physics B (1999)

Detlef Kip M. Wesner C. Herden V. Shandarov

Strontium barium niobate

Waveguide

Energy exchange

10.1007/s003400050732

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Citations (37)

<title>Dark spatial optical solitons in lithium niobate waveguides</title>

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2001)

Vladymir M. Shandarov Detlef Kip M. Wesner J. Hukriede

We have realized dark spatial photovoltaic solitons at wavelength of 632.8 nm in Fe and Cu - doped planar optical waveguides in lithium niobate. It has been shown that for lowest TE modes the photovoltaic nonlinearity only partly compensated the light diffraction effect at the experimental conditions used. The development time of corresponding light-induced photovoltaic lenses ranged from 0.1 s to 30 s depending on the waveguide sample. For the highest TE modes we observed the exact compensation of diffraction effects in the time scale of some minutes followed in some cases by the termination of dark solitons formed because of the light overdefocusing.

Waveguide

10.1117/12.418854

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Citations (1)

Electrical fixing of waveguide channels using dynamic self-focusing in strontium-barium niobate crystals

Detlef Kip C. Herden M. Wesner

Summary form only given. We investigate the electrical fixing of one- and two-dimensional waveguides in both bulk samples and planar waveguides of strontium-barium niobate (SBN60). Planar waveguides are fabricated by He/sup +/ implantation, resulting in an about 5 /spl mu/m-thin waveguiding layer. Electrical fixing of waveguide channels is achieved as follows. Firstly, all crystals are homogeneously polarized by applying an electric field along the c-axis. After this, the samples are illuminated with focused extraordinarily polarized light (514.5 nm) propagating perpendicular to the c-axis. A typical diameter of the focused beam on the input face is 10 /spl mu/m. Thus the beam diffracts strongly during propagation through the sample. Either a one-dimensionally focused beam (for fixing planar waveguides in bulk samples) or a two-dimensionally focused beam (for fixing channel waveguides in bulk or waveguide samples, respectively) is used. At the same time, the whole crystal is illuminated by an ordinarily polarized background beam from the top. The intensity ratio of focused and background beam is about 100.

Strontium barium niobate

Waveguide

Crystal (programming language)

Light beam

10.1109/cleoe.2000.910383

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Domain switching in strontium-barium niobate crystals investigated by photorefractive self-focusing

Applied Physics B (2005)

L. Wischmeier M. Wesner E. Krätzig

Strontium barium niobate

Crystal (programming language)

Barium

10.1007/s00340-005-1742-4

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Electrical fixing of waveguide channels in strontium-barium niobate crystals

Applied Physics B (2001)

M. Wesner C. Herden Detlef Kip

Strontium barium niobate

Barium

Waveguide

Crystal (programming language)

10.1007/s003400100571

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Citations (14)

Photorefractive steady state solitons up to telecommunication wavelengths in planar SBN waveguides

Optics Communications (2001)

M. Wesner C. Herden Detlef Kip E. Krätzig P. Moretti

Strontium barium niobate

Intensity

10.1016/s0030-4018(00)01160-3

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Citations (43)

<title>Photorefractive waveguides</title>

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (1999)

Detlef Kip J. Hukriede M. Wesner E. Krätzig

Photorefractive effects in optical waveguides link two interesting research areas: First, light-induced refractive index changes in optical materials, and second waveguide structures that are the basis for integrated optical devices. In the last two decades several devices based on photorefractive waveguides have been proposed, and static and dynamic elements have been experimentally demonstrated. Two of these applications of photorefractive waveguides will be discussed in more detail. Permanent refractive index gratings in waveguide devices are of considerable interest for, e.g., integrated waveguide lasers or wavelength multiplexers that make use of the high spectral selectivity of holographic filters. Thermal fixing of holographic gratings has been investigated in channel LiNbO₃:Ti:Fe waveguides. A wavelength filter for infrared light around 1.55 micrometer has been fabricated with a peak reflectivity of over 99%, a bandwidth of 0.1 nm and nearly polarization independent properties. As another example, we have demonstrated the formation of photorefractive spatial solitons in a planar strontium-barium niobate waveguide. In such a geometry (1 + 1)-dimensional solitons are formed in a true (1 + 1)- dimensional medium, thus getting rid of the transverse instability that is inherent to soliton propagation in bulk crystals. We show that coherent collisions between two photorefractive solitons result in fusion, repelling, energy exchange, or the creation of a third soliton.

Strontium barium niobate

Waveguide

10.1117/12.363929

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Bright photorefractive spatial solitons in optical waveguides on SBN

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (1999)

Detlef Kip M. Wesner Eckhard E. Kraetzig Vladymir M. Shandarov P. Moretti

The steady-state bright spatial solitons have been realized in a planar photorefractive strontium-barium niobate waveguide for visible light, ranging from 514.5 to 780 nm. The build-up time of the steady-state condition was about 1 s. For the wavelength of 1047 nm, the strong self-focusing of a light beam was observed. In the time scale of several tens of milliseconds the transient self-trapping of red light was observed, which corresponds to the regime of quasi-steady-state solitons. The interaction of the steady- state spatial solitons has also been demonstrated at He-Ne laser wavelengths.

Strontium barium niobate

Waveguide

Continuous wave

Light beam

Transient (computer programming)

10.1117/12.340055

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Citations (0)