Objetivo. En este trabajo se propone un esquema de tres fases para evaluar el riesgo en salud en las zonas mineras. La validación del esquema se efectuó en una zona de San Luis Potosí, México. Material y métodos. El monitoreo incluyó análisis de metales en suelo superficial, polvo residencial y agua de pozos. La biodisponibilidad se midió como el nivel de arsénico urinario en niños de las áreas contaminadas. La evaluación toxicológica consistió en análisis de la hepatotoxicidad (niveles de aspartato transaminasa) y neurotoxicidad (niveles de dopamina y de sus metabolitos) en ratas tratadas con residuos mineros. Resultados. Se encontró contaminación por arsénico y plomo en suelo y polvo. La biodisponibilidad fue positiva: 71% de los niños analizados tuvieron niveles urinarios de arsénico por arriba del valor normal. Los estudios de toxicidad mostraron daño hepático y alteraciones neuroquímicas en las ratas tratadas con el residuo. Conclusiones. El método fue útil para demostrar el riesgo en salud y para que las autoridades decidieran instrumentar un programa de restauración en la zona.

10.1590/s0036-36341999000800010

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Effects of oral exposure to mining waste on in vivo dopamine release from rat striatum

Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Verónica M. Rodríguez L Dufour Leticia Carrizales Fernando Díaz‐Barriga Marı́a E. Jiménez-Capdeville

Several single components of mining waste (arsenic, manganese, lead, cadmium) to which humans are exposed at the m area of Villa de la Paz, Mexico, are known to provoke alter- ations of striatal dopaminergic parameters.In this study we used an animal model to examine neurochemical changes resulting from exposure to a metal mixue.We used microdialysis to compare in vivo dopamine release from adult rats subchronically exposed to a mining waste by oral route with those from a control group and from a sodium arsenite group (25 mglkg/day).We found that arsenic and m nese do accumulate in rat brain after 2 week of oral exposure.The mining waste group showed significantly decreased basal levels of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC; 66.7 ± 7.53 pglpl) when compared to a control group (113.7 ± 14.3 pglpl).Although basal dopamine release rates were comparable among groups, when the system was challenged with a long-stading depolarization through high-potassium perfision, animals exposed to mining waste were not able to sustain an increaed dopamine release in respone to depolarization ( g waste group 5.5 * 0.5 pg4d versus control group 21.7 ± 5.8 pg/pl).Also, DOPAC and homovanilic acid levels were sinificandy lower in exposed animals than in con- trols during stmulation with high potassium.The arsenite group showed a similar tendency to that from the mining waste group.In vio microdialysis provides relevant data about the effts of a chemical mixture.Our results indicate that this mining waste may represent a health risk for the exposed population.

10.1289/ehp.98106487

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Tryptophan supplementation helps totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) juveniles to regain homeostasis in high-density culture conditions

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry (2019)

Miguel Cabanillas‐Gámez Ulises Bardullas Mario A. Galavíz Sergio Rodríguez Verónica M. Rodríguez

Homeostasis

10.1007/s10695-019-00734-2

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Chronic Exposure to Arsenic in Drinking Water Causes Alterations in Locomotor Activity and Decreases Striatal mRNA for the D2 Dopamine Receptor in CD1 Male Mice

Journal of Toxicology (2016)

Claudia Leticia Moreno Ávila Jorge H. Limón-Pacheco Magda Giòrdano Verónica M. Rodríguez

Arsenic exposure has been associated with sensory, motor, memory, and learning alterations in humans and alterations in locomotor activity, behavioral tasks, and neurotransmitters systems in rodents. In this study, CD1 mice were exposed to 0.5 or 5.0 mg As/L of drinking water for 6 months. Locomotor activity, aggression, interspecific behavior and physical appearance, monoamines levels, and expression of the messenger for dopamine receptors D1 and D2 were assessed. Arsenic exposure produced hypoactivity at six months and other behaviors such as rearing and on-wall rearing and barbering showed both increases and decreases. No alterations on aggressive behavior or monoamines levels in striatum or frontal cortex were observed. A significant decrease in the expression of mRNA for D2 receptors was found in striatum of mice exposed to 5.0 mg As/L. This study provides evidence for the use of dopamine receptor D2 as potential target of arsenic toxicity in the dopaminergic system.

Hypoactivity

10.1155/2016/4763434

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