DH

Delmar Haddock

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

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Co-Authors

Frank Hanson

University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Mark E. Lasher

Booz Allen Hamilton (United States)

P. Poirier

Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific

Dan Kichura

Naval Information Warfare Systems Command

C. Spindloe

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

M. Tolley

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

J. E. Cross

James Madison University

Mikhail S. Belen’kii

Trex (United States)

S. Astbury

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

S. Tomlinson

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

Cooperative Institutions

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

Science and Technology Facilities Council

University of Oxford

Trex (United States)

Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific

Naval Information Warfare Systems Command

Imperial College London

University of York

Textron (United States)

NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science

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Laser diode side pumping of neodymium laser rods

Applied Optics (1988)

Frank Hanson Delmar Haddock

The laser performance of Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, and Nd:LLGG has been measured using linear laser diode arrays to side pump 3-mm diam laser rods. We obtained 4.4-mJ output at 1064 nm with Nd:YAG from 16-mJ optical pump pulses 200 μs long at 807- and 3-nm FWHM. The overall electrical to optical efficiency was ~6%. Over 0.4 mJ at 532 nm was obtained with a KTP intracavity frequency doubler.

Neodymium

Rod

Nd:YAG laser

Solid-state laser

10.1364/ao.27.000080

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Citations (53)

Experimental Testing of Targets for a High Accuracy Microtarget Supply (HAMS) System on the Gemini Laser System

Journal of Physics Conference Series (2018)

C. Spindloe N. Booth S. Astbury Christopher D. Gregory Emma Bryce

It is widely understood within the high-power laser community that recent developments in diode pumped and high repetition rate laser systems will give unprecedented access to laser shots. This will provide a challenge for target fabrication in making enough experimental samples. While in the past access to facilities and shot rates during access periods have been the limiting factor for high power laser experiments this will soon not be the case. There has already been a shift in development of the user base from fundamental science experiments to industrial applications using the laser experiment as a reliable source for secondary aims. The Astra Gemini laser system has been operating at a high repetition rate for high intensity (0.5PW) experiments for a number of years and the Central Laser Facility has developed a target methodology to deliver to the user community the maximum number of solid targets and to fully utilise the available time on the laser. Targets for the High Accuracy Microtarget Supply (HAMS) system have been tested and have been proven to survive in a manner to allow shot rates comparable with the available laser repetition rate (0.1Hz). Investigations into target geometry have been carried out and debris production has been studied by high frame rate camera imaging. The study of the relationship between target geometry and debris production has allowed the design of optimal target support infrastructure, such as aperture size and structure, for high rep rate experiments on the Gemini system.

ASTRA

Frame rate

Aperture (computer memory)

10.1088/1742-6596/1079/1/012014

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Citations (0)

Comparison of atmospheric laser propagation between the NIR and MWIR

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2008)

Frank Hanson P. Poirier Delmar Haddock Dan Kichura Mark E. Lasher

We report results from field experiments that have compared laser propagation in the near infrared (NIR) and mid-wave infrared (MWIR) in a variety of atmospheric conditions. Single frequency laser sources at 1.565 μm and 3.603 μm were transmitted through a single common aperture telescope to ensure that each beam was affected by nearly identical turbulence. Tests were performed on a one-way, 1.26 km path over land and on a round-trip, 2 x 1.41 km path that was mostly over water using a broadband retro-reflector. It is expected from theory that scattering and turbulence should have relatively less effect at longer wavelength, however quantitative measurements in real world conditions are important because of the complexity and simplifying assumptions required in the theory. Although communication and laser radar systems that operate in the NIR at ~1.5 μm benefit from well-developed sources and detectors, it is expected that propagation in the MWIR can offer a significant advantage. The objective of this work was to quantify the relative propagation effects under realistic conditions.

10.1117/12.796819

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Citations (1)

Laser propagation at 156 μm and 360 μm in maritime environments

Applied Optics (2009)

Frank Hanson P. Poirier Delmar Haddock Dan Kichura Mark E. Lasher

We report results from field experiments that have compared laser propagation at 1.565 microm and 3.603 microm in a variety of atmospheric conditions in a low-altitude maritime environment in order to quantify the relative effects of turbulence under realistic conditions. Intensity scintillation and normalized focused spot sizes were found to be significantly less affected by turbulence at the longer wavelength, in general agreement with theoretical predictions. Also, the longer wavelength beam was noticeably less degraded by aberrations in the transceiver optical components. These advantages should be considered when evaluating the wavelength trade-offs in laser communication systems.

Free-Space Optical Communication

Atmospheric optics

10.1364/ao.48.004149

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Citations (10)

<title>Stabilized high-accuracy optical tracking system (SHOTS)</title>

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2001)

Donald Ruffatto Harlan D. Brown Richard Pohle Michael F. Reiley Delmar Haddock

This paper describes an 0.75 meter aperture, Stabilized High-accuracy Optical Tracking System (SHOTS), two of which are being developed by Textron Systems Corporation, under contract to the Navy's Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego (SPAWAR-SD). The SHOTS design is optimized to meet the requirements of the Navy's Theater Ballistic Missile Defense (TBMD) testing program being conducted at the Kauai Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF). The SHOTS utilizes a high-precision, GPS aided inertial navigation unit (INU) coupled with a 3-axis, rate gyro stabilized mount which allows precision pointing to be achieved on either land or sea-based platforms. The SHOTS mount control system architecture, acquisition, tracking and pointing (ATP) functionality and methodology which allows the system to meet the TBMD mission data collection requirements are discussed. High frame rate visible and MWIR sensors are incorporated into the system design to provide the capability of capturing short duration events, e.g., missile-target intercepts. These sensors along with the supporting high speed data acquisition, recording and control subsystems are described. Simulations of the SHOTS imaging performance in TBMD measurement scenarios are presented along with an example of the image improvement being achieved with post-processing image reconstruction algorithms.

Missile Guidance

Tracking (education)

Tracking system

Frame rate

Target acquisition

10.1117/12.438041

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Citations (5)

Target fabrication for the POLAR experiment on the Orion laser facility

High Power Laser Science and Engineering (2015)

C. Spindloe Donald C. Wyatt Delmar Haddock I. East J. E. Cross

This article describes the fabrication of a suite of laser targets by the Target Fabrication group in the Central Laser Facility (CLF), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory for the first academic-access experiment on the Orion laser facility (Hopps et al. , Appl. Opt. 52 , 3597–3601 (2013)) at Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE). This experiment, part of the POLAR project (Falize et al. , Astrophys. Space Sci. 336 , 81–85 (2011); Busschaert et al. , New J. Phys. 15 , 035020 (2013)), studied conditions relevant to the radiation-hydrodynamic processes occurring in a remarkable class of astrophysical star systems known as magnetic cataclysmic variables. A large number of complex fabrication technologies and research and development activities were required to field a total of 80 high-specification targets. Target design and fabrication procedures are described and initial alignment and characterization data are discussed.

Characterization

10.1017/hpl.2015.2

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Citations (4)

Portable daytime differential image motion sensor for atmospheric turbulence characterization

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2010)

Mikhail S. Belen’kii Timothy J. Brinkley Don Bruns L. DiRuscio Hope Runyeon

A portable differential image motion sensor (DIMS) has been developed and field demonstrated to measure the atmospheric coherence diameter, or Fried parameter, r₀, both at daytime and at night. The hardware design was developed using system requirements and performance analysis. A graphical user interface (GUI) and software were developed to automatically measure r₀ from collected imagery data. The DIMS system uses a short wave infrared (SWIR) camera, IR telescope with custom environmental enclosure, a rack-mount computer accessed remotely through a laptop, and an equatorial mount and tripod for accurate pointing at a selected star. The system is two-man portable. The sensor continuously measures r₀ from star imagery during clear weather at any time of day or night, with an update rate of 10 minutes. A continuously nutating optical wedge moves the star image in a circle allowing automatic background subtraction. Data output is provided at the SWIR 1.6 μm wavelength and scaled to 0.55 μm and pointing at zenith. Valid r0 measurements range is from 1 cm to 20 cm (in the visible waveband). The r₀ measurements over time were performed at daytime at sea level in San Diego. The largest values of r₀ were observed near and after the sunset. This approach provides a straight-forward path to sea-based seeing measurements with an addition of a stabilized platform.

Sunset

Zenith

10.1117/12.860925

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Citations (0)

<title>Dual telescope system for all seasons: an all-reflecting UV-to-LWIR multifocal length telescope combination for advanced range instrumentation</title>

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (1999)

Joseph B. Houston Delmar Haddock

Recently, two 12.5 inch diameter aperture Small Transportable ISTEF Pedestal System telescopes were designed using all-reflective optics to provide four optical bands, ranging from 0.3 microns to 15.0 microns, on a single instrument mount. The system, located at the Innovative Science and Technology Experimentation Facility, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, represents a simple, modular approach to multi-wavelength, multi-focal length instrumentation for he range. Easily transportable by air, land and sea, the system can be quickly installed in a temporary and primitive field site. The modular approach allows flexibility in planning for rocket launches at the Cape and for to the technical data collection activities worldwide. This paper describes the individual steps which were taken to design, fabricate and assemble two compete telescopes, six months and within budget. The methodology employed serves as a highly cost-effective and efficient model for future optical range instrumentation.

Instrumentation

Optical telescope

Aperture (computer memory)

Scientific instrument

Orbital mechanics

10.1117/12.363805

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