Tau, a microtubule associated protein, is the main component of the aberrant paired helical filaments found in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Tau is present in phosphorylated and aggregated form not only in AD, but in other pathologies.However, the mechanisms by which tau induces neuronal death remain unclear. In this experiment, for study of mechanism induced by tau, the tau binding proteins of hippocampus were isolated by immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE. The proteins were compared between transgenic mice expressing neuron-specific anolase(NSE)-controlled human wild-type tau (NSE/tau23) and NSE-controlled mouse. We confirmed several important proteins, which are related to AD mechanism.
Signaling between cancer cells, their neighboring cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) forms the tumor microenvironment. The complex heterogeneity of this microenvironment varies depending on the tumor type and its origins. However, most of the existing cancer-based studies have focused on cancer cells. In this study, we used a direct co-culture system (cross-talk signaling) to induce cross-interaction between cancer cells and mesenchymal stem cells. This induced deformation of MSCs. MSCs showed a diminished ability to maintain homeostasis. In particular, increase in the invasion ability of MSCs by TGF-β1 and decrease in p53, which plays a key role in cancer development, is an important discovery. It can thus be deduced that blocking these changes can effectively inhibit metastatic colorectal cancer. In conclusion, understanding the interactions and changes in MSCs associated with cancer will help develop novel therapeutic strategies for cancer. Tumor cells recruit MSCs around the tumor cells and improve their invasion ability. This is similar to cancer cells and the aberrant alteration facilitates tumor development and induces the tumor surroundings to become more malignant.
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