Aims:The aims of this paper were to determine the level of knowledge of and attitude to nuclear power among residents around Tianwan Nuclear power plant in Jiangsu of China.Design: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was adopted.Participants: 1,616 eligible participants who lived around the Tianwan nuclear power plant within a radius of 30km and at least 18 years old were recruited into our study and accepted epidemiological survey.Methods: Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires consisting of a socio-demographic sheet.Inferential statistics, t-test, ANOVA test and multivariate regression analysis were used to compare the differences between each subgroup and correlation analysis was conducted to understand the relationship between different factors and dependent variables.Results: Our investigation found that the level of awareness and acceptance of nuclear power was generally not high.Respondents' gender, age, marital status, residence, educational level, family income and the distance away from the nuclear power plant are important effect factors to the knowledge of and attitude to nuclear power. Conclusions:The public concerns about nuclear energy's impact are widespread.The level of awareness and acceptance of nuclear power needs to be improved urgently.
To examine the current landscape of public health functions and the level of cognition among medical staff across various medical institutions in Jiangsu Province, ultimately aiming to provide a theoretical framework for constructing a hospital public health work model under the integrated medical and defense system. A mixed-methods approach involving questionnaires and semi-structured interviews was employed to assess the establishment and operational status of public health departments within medical institutions, staffing scenarios, comprehension of public health tasks, and the degree of emphasis placed on them. Our findings reveal that 70.6% of medical institutions possess standalone public health departments, with a median of 5 full-time public health personnel, predominantly from the nursing profession. Significant disparities were observed in the demographics, educational backgrounds, majors, job classifications, and titles of public health personnel across different medical institution levels. Additionally, 68.4% of institutions have formed public health management committees, and 77.2% shoulder ≥10 public health responsibilities. Notably, 99.2% of medical staff endorse the importance of public health work within medical institutions, and 98.3% advocate for the support of disease control agencies. Interviews further unveiled a predominantly positive stance among medical institution leaders toward the integration of public health and medical prevention. Medical institutions of Jiangsu Province necessitate enhanced public health staffing, improved organizational structure and responsibility divisions for public health work, and a boost in knowledge levels to effectively carry out public health responsibilities. Furthermore, policy support and multi-stakeholder engagement are crucial to mobilize hospitals to take proactive initiatives.
The article is the outline the book——《 the industrial design》that I am writing. It defines mainly the concept of modern industrial and product design. The core discusses the basic factor the industrial design with seven headlines. Another meaning this article is to appeal the whole society to attach importance to the industrial design, because it is really important factor great power.
Objective
To survey the frequency of medical X-ray diagnosis and estimate the medical exposure levels of Jiangsu province in 2016, so as to be able to improve effectively the protection against medical radiation exposure.
Methods
All medical institutions in the province were covered in the survey for their basic medical information by means of census method . Frequencies of diagnostic medical X-ray examination were studied using random sampling method in 31 medical institutions. A linear model was established by number of outpatients number of inpatients, number of staff and number of radiation workers to evaluate the medical examination frequency.
Results
A total of 9 248 pieces of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment by the end of 2016 in Jiangsu province, including 1 110 CT scanners. The total frequencies of diagnostic medical X-ray examination were estimated to be 911.45 examinations per 1 000 population, covering 239.25 per 1 000 for CT scanning. The number of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment increased by a factor of 0.8 while CT scanners by a factor of 3.6 compared to 1999. Medical X-ray diagnostic frequency raised by a factor of 3.2 while CT frequency by a factor of 15.1 compared with previous data.
Conclusions
The medical X-ray diagnostic frequencies in Jiangsu province was 1.9 times the value given in the UNSCEAR 2008 Report, close to those in some developed European countries. Compared with the study in 2015, the present study has made greater improvement in sampling technique for selection of hospitals and equipment, frequency estimation method and acquisition of influence factors. Estimates of medical X-ray diagnosis frequency are closer to actual level. Further improvement will be needed for the future survey, so as to further study medical exposure levels and to provide basic information for better patient protection.
Key words:
Medical X-ray diagnosis; Medical exposure; Frequency; Examinee; Radiological protection
Chromosome 5p15.33, containing TERT and CLPTM1L genes, was recently identified as one of the susceptible regions for lung cancer in Caucasian populations. We hypothesized that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in this region in Caucasians are also important in the development of lung cancer in Chinese population. To test this hypothesis, we genotyped two most significant SNPs reported in Caucasians, rs2736100A/C and rs402710C/T at 5p15.33, in a case-control study with 1221 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases and 1344 cancer-free controls in a Chinese population. We found that rs2736100C allele in TERT gene was associated with a significantly increased risk of NSCLC with adjusted odds ratios of 1.26 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-1.51] and 1.31 (95% CI = 1.04-1.66) for one or two copies of the variant C allele, respectively. This significant association was more prominent among female (P for heterogeneity: 0.044), non-smokers (P for heterogeneity: 0.054) and/or the subjects with adenocarcinoma (P for heterogeneity: 0.058). However, no significant association was found between rs402710C/T and NSCLC risk. These results suggest that genetic variants in 5p15.33, especially in TERT gene, may also predispose the susceptibility of lung cancer, especially adenocarcinoma, in Chinese population.
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