F. D. Brewer

Mississippi State University

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Document Type

Co-Authors

E. G. King

Southern Regional Research Center

T. L. Lavy

Israel Ministry of Health

Ronald E. Talbert

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

S. Bradleigh Vinson

Texas A&M University

D. F. Martin

Mississippi Delta Community College

Bruce Glick

Motorola (United States)

A. L. Tidwell

Agricultural Research Service

John D. Mattice

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

C. W. Gantt

United States Department of Agriculture

Walker A. Jones

Agricultural Research Service

Cooperative Institutions

Agricultural Research Service

United States Department of Agriculture

Mississippi State University

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station

Texas A&M University

Delta Air Lines (United States)

Institute of Entomology

Beltsville Agricultural Research Center

United States Virgin Islands Department of Health

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Consumption and utilization of a soyflour-wheat germ diet by larvae of the tobacco budworm parasitized by the tachinidEucelatoria sp

Entomophaga (1980)

F. D. Brewer E. G. King

Maggot

10.1007/bf02377527

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Citations (17)

Rearing of the Heliothis Sterile Hybrid with a Multicellular Larval Rearing Container and Pupal Harvesting12

Journal of Economic Entomology (1982)

G. G. Hartley E. G. King F. D. Brewer C. W. Gantt

Modification of methods and of a multicellular larval rearing unit for production of Heliothis spp. pupae, particularly the backcross (BC) [BCn ♀ × H. virescens (F.) ♂] from the intercross [ H. virescens ♂ × H. subflexa (Guenee) ♀], are described. Essential components of the unit are a fiber glass tray, a polystyrene insert with 903 cells, and a polypropylene cover with 125-μm openings. More than 10 million BC pupae have been produced during the last 4 years in Stoneville with this unit. Optimum egg density was determined to be two to four eggs per cell. Neither benomyl nor folpet affected growth or development of BC larvae when incorporated into the larval diet at rates from 0.25 to 2.0 g/3.8 liter to control contaminants such as the mold Aspergillus niger (Van Tieghew). The pupal harvesting method collects pupae in a cushioned tray, separates pupae from large particles with a grating, and removes smaller, lighter particles with a highvolume blower.

Heliothis

Heliothis zea

10.1093/jee/75.1.7

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Citations (11)

Effects of Flooding on Dinitroaniline Persistence in Soybean (Glycine max) – Rice (Oryza sativa) Rotations

Weed Science (1982)

F. D. Brewer T. L. Lavy Ronald E. Talbert

A field study was conducted with fluchloralin [ N -(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], profluralin [ N -(cyclopropylmethyl)-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro- N -propyl- p -toluidine], and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro- N,N -dipropyl- p -toluidine) at 1× and 2× rates in soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for 2 consecutive yr to evaluate their persistence in soil and to determine their residual effect on rice ( Oryza sativa L.). In another field study that was conducted to evaluate the effect of winter flooding on the persistence of 4× rates of the same herbicides, gas chromatographic analysis and bioassay procedures both revealed increased dissipation of these herbicides because of winter flooding. Flooding rice for 2 or 4 months during winter reduced the adverse effect from herbicidal residues. Laboratory studies evaluated the persistence and volatility of these herbicides at 4 and 25 C in two soils at three moisture contents (air-dried, field capacity, and flooded). The persistence of the three herbicides was similar in the field and in the laboratory and usually followed the order fluchloralin > profluralin = trifluralin. Volatility was most rapid with moisture at field capacity, but overall dissipation was most rapid in flooded soil. Significant dissipation and volatility losses of all three herbicides occurred at 4 C in flooded soil and in soil at field capacity. These studies indicated that winter flooding is effective in reducing the concentration of dinitroaniline herbicides in soil.

Trifluralin

Persistence (discontinuity)

Paddy field

10.1017/s0043174500041114

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Citations (6)

Supplemental B-Vitamins Necessary to Rear Heliothis zea1 on a Wheat Germ-based Diet2, 3

Annals of the Entomological Society of America (1975)

F. D. Brewer A. L. Tidwell

A solution of B-vitamins was added to supplement a synthetic diet for the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie). Vitamin deletion tests showed that only 6 of the 8 vitamins which had previously been used in practice were necessary for optimum development through 6 consecutive generations. The reduction of the vitamin amounts by 80% still permitted development through 5 consecutive generations. This work helps clarify the dietary requirements of the corn earworm and will simplify and reduce costs in the diet preparation for future mass rearing programs.

Heliothis zea

Wheat germ

10.1093/aesa/68.2.365

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Citations (3)

Effects of Parasitism by a Tachinid, Lixophaga diatraeae1 on Growth and Food Consumption of Sugarcane Borer Larvae2,3

Annals of the Entomological Society of America (1978)

F. D. Brewer E. G. King

In the laboratory, sugarcane borers (SCB), Diatraca saccharalis (F.), parasitized as 3rd-, 4th-, or early 5th-stage larvae by the tachinid, Lixophaga diatracae (Townsend), consumed less food and gained less weight than comparable unparasitized larvae. Parasitized larvae retained a greater percentage of ingested food than did the unparasitized larvae, but unparasitized larvae were more efficient in converting the retained food to body weight. There was no statistical difference (P > 0.05) in efficiency of utilizing ingested food for body weight between parasitized and unparasitized larvae. There was no difference in head capsule size between larvae parasitized in the 3rd-, 4th-, or 5th-stage and comparable unparasitized larvae. Significant weight differences between unparasitized male (4.7±1.6 mg) and female (6.0±1.9 mg) SCB larvae were evident as early as 9 days after eclosion.

10.1093/aesa/71.1.19

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Citations (27)

Meridic Diets For Adult Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae)2

Journal of Entomological Science (1993)

F. D. Brewer

Adults of the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), were fed three carrageenan-gelled meridic diets. In test one, the flies were fed a diet of sucrose and whole dry powdered chicken egg (2:1) and compared with those fed similar formulations containing the sucrose/egg plus nonfat dry powdered milk (2:1:1) or sucrose/egg/milk plus whole bovine blood (2:1:1:2). Body weight, mortality and egg hatch were not significantly (P = 0.05) different among the adults. In a second test the mortality and egg hatch were not significantly different between adults fed the sucrose/egg/milk diet gelled with carrageenan or a synthetic copolymer gel. However, significantly greater egg weights were collected from females fed the formulation containing the copolymer gel. In a third test where the copolymer gel was completely or partially replaced in the diet with an inert, water-absorbent material, egg hatch and mortality were not significantly different among the adults. Egg weights were similar for adults feeding on diet containing the full complement of copolymer gel and those fed diet in which the gel was completely replaced with the inert material. These gelled diets are nutritional and economical and have both small scale and mass production application.

Cochliomyia hominivorax

Carrageenan

10.18474/0749-8004-28.2.197

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Citations (5)

Alternate Sources of Protein for Heliothis zea1 Wheat Germ Diet2,3

Annals of the Entomological Society of America (1975)

F. D. Brewer A. L. Tidwell D. F. Martin

When soyflour or cottonseed meal were substituted for casein (standard) in the wheat germ diet used to rear Heliothis zea (Boddie), the insects produced on casein and soyflour did not differ significantly in 10 generations except that the pupae produced on soyflour were smaller. Larval development was longer on diet containing cottonseed meal than on diet containing casein, and pupal weights and percentage egg hatch were significantly lower on diet containing cottonseed meal than diets containing casein or soyflour. Results were similar over 5 generations when insects were reared on diets containing casein, soyflour, or cottonseed meal; however, insects reared on cottonseed flour and corn germ flour were inferior in many categories.

Cottonseed meal

Heliothis zea

Cottonseed

Wheat germ

Corn meal

10.1093/aesa/68.6.1047

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Citations (4)

Substitutes for Agar in a Wheat Germ Diet Used to Rear the Corn Earworm and the Sugarcane Borer1,2,3,4

Annals of the Entomological Society of America (1976)

F. D. Brewer D. F. Martin

Journal Article Substitutes for Agar in a Wheat Germ Diet Used to Rear the Corn Earworm and the Sugarcane Borer,,, Get access F. D. Brewer, F. D. Brewer 5Research Entomologists. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. F. Martin D. F. Martin 5Research Entomologists. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 69, Issue 2, 15 March 1976, Pages 255–256, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/69.2.255 Published: 15 March 1976 Article history Received: 19 September 1975 Published: 15 March 1976

Annals

Wheat germ

10.1093/aesa/69.2.255

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Citations (6)

Development of Heliothis virescens1 and Diatraea saccharalis2 on a Soyflour-Corn Oil Diet34

Annals of the Entomological Society of America (1981)

F. D. Brewer

Larval and pupal development times and male and female pupal weights were similar for the tobacco budworm (TBW), Heliothis virescens (F.) (Noctuidae), fed a soyflour-corn oil diet and a soyflour-wheat germ diet (standard) for five consecutive generations. We also observed similar results for the sugarcane borer (SCB), Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Pyralidae), feeding on the same diets for the same number of generations. Egg hatch and adult emergence for each species reared on the standard and experimental diet were similar throughout five consecutive generations. Total food consumption (grams per larva) of these two diets by TBW larvae was not significantly different, whereas SCB larvae consumed significantly more of the experimental diet. In most cases, the SCB larvae ate more food, gained more weight, and produced more frass in a 48- and 120-h period when fed the soyflour-corn oil diet than when fed the standard diet. The TBW larvae ate more of the standard diet and produced more frass in a 48-h feeding period; however, food consumption and frass production for these larvae fed both diets were similar for a 120-h feeding period.

Frass

Diatraea saccharalis

Heliothis virescens

Heliothis

Heliothis zea

Bostrichidae

10.1093/aesa/74.3.320

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Citations (3)

Dispensers of Insect Diets Made from a Stainless Steel Sprayer12

Journal of Economic Entomology (1974)

E. A. Stadelbacher F. D. Brewer

Journal Article Dispensers of Insect Diets Made from a Stainless Steel Sprayer Get access E. A. Stadelbacher, E. A. Stadelbacher Bioenvironmental Insect Control Lab., Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. D. Brewer F. D. Brewer Bioenvironmental Insect Control Lab., Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 67, Issue 2, 1 April 1974, Pages 312–313, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/67.2.312 Published: 01 April 1974 Article history Received: 13 November 1973 Published: 01 April 1974

Sprayer

Entomology

10.1093/jee/67.2.312

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Citations (1)