Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most important cause of epidemic encephalitis worldwide. JE exists in a zoonotic transmission cycle between Animals/water birds and human by Culex mosquitoes. Assam is one of the highly endemic states for JE sharing approximately 46.95% of total Japanese encephalitis (JE) positive cases reported from the country in 2014. The present study was carried out with the objective of molecular characterization and pathological alterations of JE infection in pig population of Assam. 247 sera samples of pig were screened from Kamrup, Jorhat, Lakhimpur and Goal para and 11.33% of these sera samples showed positive antibody against JEV. The envelope protein gene of JE virus was detected by RT-PCR in 19 blood samples and 5 tissue samples of pigs. The phylogenetic analysis of the JE positive samples belonged to the genotype GIII and was found to be closely related to the human isolates of JEV from Malda (West Bengal), Nadia (West Bengal) and Vellore, India. Hence, suggesting a possible mode of JEV transmission to the mosquito vector and humans inhabiting in the pig rearing areas of Assam.

Culex tritaeniorhynchus

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Scientific Interventions for Upscaling Rural Piggery

M Misha Madhavan Nipun Mohan Santhanu Banik Keshab Barman Swaraj Rajkhowa

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Development of a novel one-step triplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus type 2, porcine parvovirus and classical swine fever virus in a single tube

Letters in Applied Microbiology (2022)

Swaraj Rajkhowa Manjisa Choudhury Seema Rani Pegu D. K. Sarma Vivek Kumar Gupta

Abstract Co-infection of multiple pathogens complicates diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures based on clinical signs. Therefore, reliable diagnostic tool for timely reporting of suspected diseases is very much essential. A novel one-step triplex PCR assay was developed and evaluated for simultaneous detection of three important viruses namely porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine parvovirus (PPV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) involved in reproductive problems in pigs. Each of the three pairs of oligonucleotide primers exclusively amplified the targeted fragment of the specific viruses. The multiplex PCR assay was found to be sensitive in detecting at least 300 pg of viral genomic DNA or RNA from a mixture of three viruses in a reaction. No amplification was obtained from other common viruses or pathogens, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), porcine group A rotavirus (PoRVA), Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus thereby indicating that the developed multiplex PCR has high specificity. Because of the sensitivity and specificity, the developed multiplex PCR assay will be a useful tool for clinical diagnosis of mixed infections of DNA and RNA viruses in pigs.

Porcine parvovirus

Classical swine fever

Multiplex

Circovirus

Veterinary virology

10.1111/lam.13732

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Investigating the Rela Gene's Role in African Swine Fever Tolerance: A Study of Indian Pigs

Arutkumaran Selvaradjou Rajib Deb S. Shanmathi Soumendu Chakravarti Pranab Jyoti Das

African Swine Fever

10.2139/ssrn.4994289

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Coccidiosis in mithun.

The Indian Veterinary Journal (2009)

J. K. Chamuah M. R. Das Swaraj Rajkhowa Shariful Islam C. Rajkhowa

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Bluetongue infection rate in mithum (Bos frontalis) in the north-eastern upland region of India

Revue Scientifique et Technique de l OIE (2008)

Swaraj Rajkhowa C. Rajkhowa P Dutta Paihem Michui Rajib Das

Studies conducted on 106 mithun at the National Research Centre on Mithun and 66 free-ranging mithun in Nagaland, India, revealed an infection rate with bluetongue virus of 86%, using a commercially available competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Animals were grouped according to their age: 36 of 1 to 2 years of age, 50 of 2 to 4 years of age and 86 aged 4 years and over. The highest infection rate (98%) was found in mithun > 4 years old and the lowest (58%) in those 1 to 2 years old. No statistically significant difference was observed between infection rates of males (89%) and females (85%). The infection rate was higher (95%) in free-ranging mithun than in mithun kept under a semi-intensive system (80%). This is the first report of serological evidence of antibodies to bluetongue virus in mithun. The possible role of vectors in the epidemiology of bluetongue virus infection in mithun is discussed briefly.

Infection rate

Age groups

10.20506/rst.27.3.1851

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