Worldwide, lung cancer has become the most common cancer type and lung cancer gradually becomes the leading cause of cancer death. MiR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism might be associated with the susceptibility to lung cancer. This article will discuss the rate of miR-146 rs2910164 mutation in lung cancer and normal people.We searched the relevant published literature from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2019, in English or Chinese, using the PubMed, Medline, Embase, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang databases. Two reviewers extracted data from eligible studies in duplicate with a standard data collection form and reached a consensus on each item. All analyses were performed using the Review Manager.In conclusion, the frequency of miR-146a GC genotype mutation in normal people and patients with lung cancer is 44% and 47% respectively and the rate of miR-146a CC genotype mutation in the normal people and patients with lung cancer is 17% and 22% respectively. What's more, the frequency of miR-146a C allele mutation in normal people and patients with lung cancer is 40% and 46% respectively.In conclusion, we can find that the mutation rate of the lung cancer group is higher than the normal people. In the lung cancer group, we can find that the rate of mutation is highest in Italians and lowest in Indians, both in genotypes and in allele C, in which there are significant differences. Chinese and Koreans have similar mutation rates.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Short stature homeobox 2 (SHOX2) methylation detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has recently been demonstrated to be a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of lung cancer. However, more cost-effective methods are still needed to help cancer detection in the early stage of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the methylation status of the SHOX2 gene and to investigate its diagnostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.A total of 89 Chinese NSCLC patients and 9 non-tumor patients was enrolled in this study. The methylation status of SHOX2 gene in NSCLC tumor tissues/corresponding non-neoplastic lung tissues and lung tissues from non-tumor patients was examined by methylation-specific PCR (MSP).We found that SHOX2 methylation was significantly associated with NSCLC (P=0.003). We also analyzed the correlation of SHOX2 methylation with clinicopathological variables including sex, age, tumor pathologic classification, tumor differentiation degree, TNM stage, T stage, and nodal status, and found no significant correlation between them.These results suggested that SHOX2 gene methylation was closely associated with lung carcinogenesis. Thus, SHOX2 methylation could be used as a potential marker to help NSCLC detection. MSP might be used as a cost-effective method alternative to real-time PCR in detection of SHOX2 methylation in the early diagnosis of NSCLC.
Background The incidence of primary lung cancer (LC) in children and adolescence was rare. We analyzed data from a SEER database to better define the incidence, clinical characters, pathology, treatment, and outcomes of rare primary malignant pulmonary tumors in childhood and adolescence. Methods Patients were chosen from the SEER database (SEER*Stat 8.4.0 software) from 2000 to 2019 and all patients were pathologically diagnosed with primary malignant tumors of the lung and bronchus. Demographic characteristics of patients (age, gender, race, primary site, laterality, location, differentiation grade, operation methods, histology, and history of radiotherapy and chemotherapy), as well as TNM stage and survival time, were collected. Results A total of 301 cases of children ≤19 years of age with a primary malignant pulmonary tumor were reported to the SEER database from 2000 to 2019. There were 143 men (47.5%) and 158 women (52.5%). Whites represented majority of patients (79.7%), followed by Black (13.6%) and others (6.7%). As for the primary site, the main site was the lower lobe (33.2%), followed by the upper lobe (26.9%). Most of the patients (80.4%) underwent surgery. Lobectomy (39.9%) is the main operation method. Only 28 (9.3%) patients received radiotherapy and 112 (37.2) patients received chemotherapy. Carcinoid tumor was the most common histology (29.6%), followed by pulmonary blastoma (PB) (22.3%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) (12.3%), adenocarcinoma (10.3%), neuroendocrine tumor (NET) (5.7%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (5.3%), atypical carcinoma (2.3%). The mean follow-up time was 100 months. For the entire group of children and adolescents, the 1-year OS was 89.1%, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 79.7%. the 5-year OS was 77.9%, the 10-year OS was 75.7%, and the 15-year OS was 73.9%. And 1-year lung cancer specificity survival (LCSS) was 89.8%, and the 3-year LCSS was 80.4%. the 5-year LCSS was 79.4%, the 10-year LCSS was 77.7%, and the 15-year LCSS was 75.9%. The OS of atypical carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, and MEC were in the top three. Conclusions Primary LC in children and adolescent were rare and histopathological diverse. Fortunately, children and adolescents with LC had an overall favorable outcome after treatment. Histology, differentiation grade, surgery, TNM stage, and therapeutic modalities have important influence on OS. The further treatment experience of each pathological type would make better evidence-based practice possible.
To evaluate the predictive value of stair climbing test (SCT) on postoperative complications in lung cancer patients with limited pulmonary function.A total of 727 hospitalized lung cancer patients with limited pulmonary function were retrospectively reviewed. Included in the cohort were 424 patients who underwent SCT preoperatively. Patients were grouped according to general condition, past medical history, surgical approach, pulmonary function test, and SCT results. Comparison of the postoperative cardiopulmonary complication rates was made and independent risk factors were identified.A total of 89 cardiopulmonary-related complications occurred in 69 cases, accounting for 16.3% of the entire cohort. The postoperative cardiopulmonary complication rates were significantly different between groups stratified by smoking index, percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second, percentage of diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, SCT results, excision extension, and anesthetic duration (p <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that only height achieved (p <0.001), changes in heart rate (∆HR; p <0.001), and excision extension (p = 0.006) were independent risk factors for postoperative cardiopulmonary complications.The SCT could be used as a preoperative screening method for lung cancer patients with limited pulmonary function. For those patients who could only climb less than 6 floors or had ∆HR >30 bpm in the test, sublobar resection should be selected to reduce the postoperative cardiopulmonary complication rate.
In patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT), inconsistent pathological responses between the tumor and lymph nodes (LNs) are often observed. There has been limited evidence comparing the different responses of tumors and LNs in those patients. This retrospective real-world analysis intended to evaluate the clinical and pathological response of primary tumors and LNs, and the long-term outcomes in NSCLC patients after NCIT.
Background: Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a common complication of thoracic radiation which affects patients' ability to breathe, limits the deliverable intensity of radiotherapy and impairs clinical outcomes, indicating the need for timely diagnosis and management. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive capability of two peripheral inflammatory cells for RP. Materials and Methods: A murine RP model was established using SD rats that received a single dose of 20 Gy thoracic radiation. At 2 and 4 weeks post-radiation, mice were processed to harvest lungs for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and collect blood for flow cytometry analysis. Results: By 2 weeks post-radiation, histopathological changes had occurred in the lungs indicating the onset of RP. Peripheral CD45+HIS48+ granulocytes were significantly increased by the radiation treatment at both the early and later time points (P<0.05). However, we did not observe a statistically significant increase of CD45+CD11b/c+HIS48- monocytes/macrophages. Conclusion: Our study highlights the possibility that increased levels of peripheral CD45+HIS48+ granulocytes could serve as a predictive indicator of RP. Early detection provides the opportunity for early intervention and therefore, a reduction in the rate and extent of RP.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a malignant tumor with a very high mortality rate. The current standard of care includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The clinical benefit of therapies was disappointing. Recently, many clinical trials about target therapy and immunotherapy are processing. This review will focus on current therapy and future research direction of SCLC.小细胞肺癌是一种致死率较高的恶性肿瘤，现阶段的治疗方式有手术，化疗和放疗，但预后极差。近些年来涌现的靶向治疗和免疫治疗也都在进行着大量的临床试验，本文将对小细胞肺癌目前的治疗策略以及未来研究的方向进行综述。.
Objective To investigate the ability of enhanced MSCT in the demonstration and detection of bronchial arteries. Methods One hundred and one cases were examined with thin-slice enhanced MSCT. The data were grouped by the arterial origin and pathway entering into the lung, and the inner diameter of the bronchial artery was measured. Results In 101 cases altogether, MSCT scanning showed 79 right bronchial arteries and 83 left bronchial arteries. 2 bronchial arteries were detected on the left side in 13 cases and on the right side in 12 cases; 3 bronchial arteries were detected on the left side in 1 case. 35 right bronchial arteries co-originated with the intercostals arteries, and only 1 co-originated on the left side. Co-originated left and right side bronchial arteries were detected in 23 cases. 59 of the right bronchial arteries (74.7%) entered into the lung behind the right main bronchus, the other 20 (25.3%) entered through medial side. In 83 left side bronchial arteries, 23 arteries (27.7%) entered into the lung behind the left main bronchus, 38 (45.8%) entered through the supra side, and the other 22 (26.5%) through medial side of left bronchus. There was significant difference in the detective rate of bronchial artery among lung cancer group, bronchiectasis group, and normal group (P0.05). There was obvious statistical difference (P0.05) in the diameter of the bronchial artery between lung cancer group and other groups including normal, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary inflammation and bronchiectasis groups; the same as bronchiectasis group compared with normal, embolism and inflammation groups (P0.05). There were no statistical differences (P0.05) among inflammation, embolism, and normal groups. Conclusion MSCT thin-slice enhanced scanning is a safe, non-invasive, simple, and effective method in showing the bronchial artery, which can reveal the origin, number, shape, mediastinal pathway of the bronchial artery in the lung cancer and bronchiectasis accurately. But it can′t clearly show the pulmonary pathway.
To evaluate the effect of interstitial lung disease (ILD) on postoperative morbidity and mortality in pulmonary resection and identify the factors of AE-ILD.We retrospectively analyzed 1,309 patients underwent pulmonary operation between January 2010 and January 2018 in our hospital. Clinical data including age, sex, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), smoking history, smoking index, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predict, surgical procedure, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or not, intraoperative blood transfusion, anesthesia time, operation time/one-lung ventilation time, blood loss, histology, postoperative morbidity, 90-day mortality, onset of acute exacerbation of ILD (AE-ILD), and postoperative stay were collected and analyzed.There were 97 (7.4%) and 1,212 (92.6%) patients in the ILD and non-ILD groups, respectively. AE-ILD occurred in 6 patients (0.5%), with a mortality of 83.3%, and was the leading cause of 90-day mortality (55.6%). Age (P<0.001) was an independent risk factor for ILD. There were 6 and 91 patients in the AE-ILD and non-AE-ILD groups, respectively. ASA classification (P=0.038) were independent risk factors for AE-ILD. Multivariate regression analysis identified that the sex (P=0.003), ILD (P<0.001), COPD (P=0.007), surgical procedure (P<0.001), blood loss (P<0.001), CCI (P=0.049) were independent risk factors for postoperative morbidity. ILD (P=0.001) and postoperative morbidity (P=0.003) were independent risk factors for 90-day mortality in multivariate analysis.Patients with ILD had a higher incidence of postoperative morbidity and 90-day mortality. ASA classification was an important influencing factor for AE-ILD. Based on the obvious postoperative morbidity and mortality, special attention and management should be given to ILD patients.
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