Marine organisms have proved to be a source of potent pharmacologically active compounds. More than 15.000 marine products have been isolated and tested during the last 23 years, until 2015. Sponges have been a big source of secondary metabolites with a great diversity of structures and bioactivities. Research studies on these sources have resulted in the identification of various bioactive compounds which were tested for their potential antiinflammatory, antimalarial, antitumour, antiviral, antibiotic, antifouling properties [1, 2]. Turkish coastline totals almost about 8400 km. The sponges found in Turkish water, have not been intensively studied yet. During the course of our studies on Turkish marine sponges, we aimed to screen cytotoxic potentials of Agelas oroides Schmidt, Ircinia variabilis Schmidt, Dysidea avara Schmidt, Dictyonella incisa Schmidt, Axinella polypoides Schmidt, Aplysina aerophoba Nardo. Materials were collected from the Turkish coastline of the Aegean Sea as well as the Mediterranean Sea at depths varying from 10 – 30 m. Sponges were cut into small pieces and extracted with methanol. Cytotoxic activity was performed through HeLa (human cervix epithelial cancer cell) by MTT method [3]. All extracts showed concentration dependent cytotoxic activity. IC50 values were found in a range of 159.0 – 823.0 (µg/mL) as given in the table below. Dictyonella incisa was found to be the most active species among all tested sponges. Due to these promising results the samples will be tested on other cancer and non-cancerous cell lines to detect selectivity as a continuing study.
A new austin-type meroterpene, namely, ustusaustin A (1), together with seven related known analogues (2-8), were isolated and identified from the culture extract of Aspergillus ustus TK-5, an endophytic fungus obtained from the marine ascidian Pyura momus. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of detailed interpretation of their NMR and MS data, and the relative and absolute configurations of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Among them, ustusaustin A (1) represents the first example of 1'-nor-austin analogues with an unique 7-benzoylation. Compounds 1-4, 6, and 7 exhibited potent neuraminidase inhibitory activity and this is the first report of neuraminidase inhibitory activity for austin-type meroterpenes.
Lignans are phenolic compounds that are very wide-spread in the plant kingdom. Lignans have been found in a large number of species belonging to more than sixty families of vascular plants and have been isolated from different parts of plants; roots and rhizomes, stems, leaves, fruits, seeds and resins [2–4] and show a wide variety of biological activities: antitumour, anti-HIV, immunosuppressive, hipolipidemic, antifungal, phytoestrogenic and antiasthmatic activities [1–3]. From a medical point of view, the most important compounds today are etoposide, teniposide and etopos, semisynthetic derivatives of podophyllotoxin which are used in cancer chemotherapy. Generally, aryltetralin types of lignans have been reported in the section Syllinum [5–8]. In Turkey, genus Linum is represented by 39 species. L. pamphyllicum is member of section Syllinum in a part of our ongoing study on the Linum species we identified podophyllotoxin and 6- methoxypodophyllotoxin from this species.
Cornus mas L.; Cornaceae ailesine ait küçük bir ağaç olup, Güneydoğu Avrupa ve Asya'da yayılmıştır. Meyveleri yenilebilir ama olgunlaşmamış olanlarının tadı oldukça ekşidir. Taze kızılcık meyveleri genellikle içecek, şurup, sirke, marmelat ve reçeller şeklinde kullanılmaktadır. Cornus mas L.'nin meyveleri hem geleneksel hem de modern ilaç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Birçok biyoaktiviteye sahiptir. Bunlar; antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antiobezite, antihiperlipidemik, antidiyabetik, antiaterosklerotik, antihiperkolestrolemik, sitotoksik, kardiyoprotektif, renalprotektif, nöroprotektif, hepatoprotektif, antiinflamatuar, hafıza güçlendirici, antiepileptik ve diüretik etkileri olduğu bildirilmiştir. C. mas meyveleri, tanenler, fenolikler, organik asitler, antosiyanin, yağ asitleri, iridoidler ve flavonoidler dahil olmak üzere birçok fitokimyasal içerir. Bunlar arasında flavonoidler ve antosiyaninler, antioksidan aktivitesinden sorumludur. Bu çalışmada, biyoaktif bileşiklerin etkileri ve yeni farmakolojik ürünlerin geliştirilmesindeki önemi ve aynı zamanda iyi bir doğal antioksidan kaynağı olarak da öneminin araştırılarak hazırlanması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, bu meyvelerin sekonder metabolitleri ve biyolojik aktivitelerine ilişkin işlevsel bir gıda olarak kullanılmasını öneren yayımlanmış çalışmalar da verilmiştir.
The cosmetics industry has gained strong momentum all over the world in recent years and has become a growing and promising sector. As it is known, as in the pharmaceutical industry, the cosmetic industry has also turned into becoming marine resources by seeking new materials for its continuation to be more productive for the field. To serve this purpose, marine-derived substances are highly claimed to be an interesting as well as a fruitful source for the benefits of the cosmetics industry. In this respect, as known globally, anti-tyrosinase inhibitors used in skin whitening are obtained from a considerable number of marine organisms. In this regard, the main objective of this article is to summarize a highly significant number of natural products derived from marine sources such as algae, fungi, seaweeds and bacteria which are known to have shown anti-tyrosinase activity.
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