The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of parental personality, coping, and the child's quality of life on the well‐being of parents of children treated for cancer. The study included 99 parents (63 mothers and 36 fathers), 41 parents during child's intensive treatment, 23 parents whose child completed intensive treatment, and 25 parents of children who completed treatment at least five years ago. The results of multivariate study have confirmed the predictive role of parental personality (especially Neuroticism); emotion‐focused coping styles, and the child's quality of life (especially physical functioning) on parental well‐being. About 60% of the variance in parental well‐being can be attributed to the predictors. Assessing parental personality functioning and coping styles can help us identify those parents who are less emotionally stable, more prone to emotionally focused coping styles, and most likely to experience poorer well‐being. Improved assessment may contribute to the development of further psychological interventions.
Psychological stress is known to affect the immune system. The Limbic Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal (LHPA) axis has been identified as the principal path of the bidirectional communication between the immune system and the central nervous system with significant psychological activators. Personality traits acted as moderators of the relationship between life conflicts and psychological distress. This study focuses on the relationship between the Big Five factors of personality and immune regulation as indicated by Lymphocyte counts.Our study included 32 professional soldiers from the Slovenian Army that completed the Big Five questionnaire (Goldberg IPIP-300). We also assessed their white blood cell counts with a detailed lymphocyte analysis using flow cytometry. The correlations between personality variables and immune system parameters were calculated. Furthermore, regression analyses were performed using personality variables as predictors and immune parameters as criteria.The results demonstrated that the model using the Big Five factors as predictors of Lymphocyte counts is significant in predicting the variance in NK and B cell counts. Agreeableness showed the strongest predictive function.The results offer support for the theoretical models that stressed the essential links between personality and immune regulation. Further studies with larger samples examining the Big five factors and immune system parameters are needed.
Za vsako znanost je zdravo, da od časa do časa reflektira svoj lastni položaj in svojo vlogo tako v odnosu do drugih znanosti kot v odnosu do svoje družbene prakse (če jo sploh ima). Psihologi so od nastanka znanstvene psihologije pogosto postavljali vprašanja glede identitete in eventualne krize lastne znanosti in - kot je medtem pokazal čas - navadno napačno odgovarjali na ta vprašanja. Psihologija že dolgo ni več v letih ko bi morala iskati lastno identiteto. Vendar je v mnogih pogledih svojevrstna znanost. Opredeljuje jo paradigmični rez med t.i. lockovsko in kantovsko (objektivno in fenomenološko) psihologijo, kar je posledica sicer povsem legitimnih, vendar radikalno drugačnih pristopov k psihološki problematiki. Na ta rez se navezujejo tudi "paradigme" v socialni psihologiji, med njimi tudi socialni konstruktivizem. V razpravi skušam pokazati, da se lahko socialni konstruktivizem dobro opre na teoretski aparat kognitivne psihologije, da pa na drugi strani temelji na napačnem razumevanju odnosa med človekovo (biološko in evolucijsko oblikovano) naravo ter sociokulturnimi vplivi. Človek je socialno in kulturno bitje po svoji naravi. Ni človekova narava posredovana s kulturo, temveč obratno, kulturo posreduje človekova narava. Toda v tej naravi je človek gensko programiran kot socialno, učeče se, kulturno in - če hočemo - duhovno bitje, torej bitje, ki ustvarja kulturo, v kateri se oblikuje kot individuum. Genska oprema v tem primeru pomeni tudi možnost za večji vpliv socialnega in kulturnega okolja. Ustrezno gledanje na rešitev tradicionalne dileme kultura - natura (okolje - dednost), ki jo omogoča močno povečano znanje o delovanju genoma, nam lahko pomaga tudi pri opuščanju drugih napačnih predpostavk in zaključkov, kar dogmatsko zasidranih v pretekli psihologiji.