Abstract High-performance 3D fabrics are widely used for ballistic protection. In this study, we conducted finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the ballistic mechanisms of 3D layer-to-layer angle-interlock woven fabric (3DLAWF) and 3D through-the-thickness angle-interlock woven fabrics (3DTAWF) under impact. We constructed full-scale mesoscale fabric models for two 3D fabrics to examine the influence of 3D fabric structures on dynamic behavior and ballistic performance. Additionally, by comparing and analyzing the energy absorption patterns and failure mechanisms of the fabrics under ballistic penetration, optimization strategies for 3D fabric structures were proposed. This work reveals the impact damage evolution mechanisms, energy absorption mechanisms, and stress wave distribution patterns in these two fabrics, providing valuable guidance for the design of ballistic protection using 3D fabrics.
We purpose a novel portable 3D-printed umbrella photoacoustic (PA) cell, to the best of our knowledge, for trace gas detection. Its simulation and structural optimization were performed via finite element analysis using COMSOL software. We investigate the factors affecting the PA signals using both experimentation and theory. By measuring methane, a minimum detection limit of 5.36 ppm (signal-to-noise ratio, 223.8) with a lock-in time of 3s was achieved. The proposed miniature umbrella PA system indicates the potential for a miniaturized and low-cost trace sensor.
Previous research demonstrated that diabetes is one of the leading causes of learning and memory deficits. Naringin, a bioflavonoid isolated from grapefruits and oranges, has potent protective effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Recently, the effects of naringin on learning and memory performances were monitored in many animal models of cognitive impairment. However, to date, no studies have investigated the ameliorative effects of naringin on diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD). In this study, we investigated the effects of naringin, using a STZ-injected rat model and explored its potential mechanism.Diabetic rats were treated with naringin (100 mg/kg/d) for 7 days. The learning and memory function were assessed by Morris water maze test. The oxidative stress indicators [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1β, and IL-6) were measured in hippocampus using corresponding commercial kits. The mRNA and protein levels of PPARγ were evaluated by real time (RT)-PCR and Western blot analysis.The results showed that supplementation of naringin improved learning and memory performances compared with the STZ group. Moreover, naringin supplement dramatically increased SOD levels, reduced MDA levels, and alleviated TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 compared with the STZ group in the hippocampus. The pretreatment with naringin also significantly increased PPARγ expression.Our results showed that naringin may be a promising therapeutic agent for improving cognitive decline in DACD.
We present a novel portable 3D-printed umbrella photoacoustic (PA) cell. Based on the finite element analysis method, the umbrella PA cell are simulated by COMSOL for providing the optimal pressure distribution, size and the eigen-frequency of the PA cell. The optimal size of a 13 mm long resonator, a 40 mm long cylindrical buffer and a conical buffer with the bottom diameter of 50 mm that the base angle is 50° are determined. The diameter of the two cylindrical cavities is 5 mm. The factors affecting the change trend of the PA signals are analyzed by use of experiments and theory. The detection limit of sensor evaluated by detecting CH 4 is 21.7 ppm, and the optimized detection limit of 1.2 ppt is obtained by theoretical calculation. The proposed miniature umbrella PA system shows a potential for further miniaturization and achieves lower detection limit as a low-cost mass market sensor.
In order to explore the comfortability of far-infrared seamless knitted fabric, this study chose coffee carbon polyamide fiber and graphene polyamide fiber as the face yarn materials to design this experiment. Both face yarn ratio and stitch were experimental factors. According to comprehensive factorials, we weaved 12 samples and tested the warmth, hygroscopicity, moisture vapor transmission and permeability of the fabric. The properties: warmth, hygroscopicity, moisture vapor transmission and permeability were influenced by face yarn ratio and stitch, and the relationship among them was studied by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The research showed that: factor A, the face yarn ratio has the greatest effect on hygroscopicity. When the face yarn ratio of the fabric is 25:75 with plain plating stitch, fabric hygroscopicity is predominant. And factor B has the greatest influence on moisture vapor transmission and permeability of the fabric. When the face yarn ratio is 25:75, and the stitch is 1+1 false rib, moisture vapor transmission is excellent. When the face yarn ratio is 25:75, and the stitch is 1+3 rib, fabric has the warmest and the most permeable properties.
As a consequence of the augmentation of the human living standard and alterations in dietary structure, hyperuricemia (HUA) has emerged as a significant factor impacting contemporary human health. It has also been scientifically validated as an independent risk determinant for the progression of renal disease. Existing literature indicates that XCHD (Xiao Chai Hu Decoction) and YCSLS (Yinchen Siling San) possess the capability to ameliorate UA levels and fortify renal function, yet a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action remains elusive. This investigation, integrating network pharmacology and in vivo experimental models, is designed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy and mechanistic underpinnings of XCHD/YCSLS on the renal tissues of HUA-afflicted rats, with the objective of fortifying the evidence base to advocate its clinical application. Our preliminary findings substantiated that XCHD and YCSLS impede HUA progression through the inhibition of inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Further, we synthesized data from publicly accessible repositories to forecast interactions between XCHD, YCSLS, and their prospective targets in HUA, including the associated signaling pathways. This approach facilitated the identification of shared targets of XCHD/YCSLS, and HUA, and the subsequent correlation analysis of these targets employing KEGG and GO methodologies. Our data suggest that the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling pathway constitutes one of the potential critical conduits engaged in XCHD and YCSLS-induced HUA mitigation. In conclusion, the analysis of WB and IHC from HUA rat models corroborated that XCHD and YCSLS do indeed attenuate the expression levels of TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB, reinforcing the hypothesized pivotal role of the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling cascade in HUA. This warrants subsequent scholarly exploration.
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