Margaret C. Mirch

National Institutes of Health

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Kelly R. Theim

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Jack A. Yanovski

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Susan Z. Yanovski

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

James C. Reynolds

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Lisa M. Ranzenhofer

Columbia University

Erica Taylor

Duke University

Jennifer R McDuffie

Duke Medical Center

Jonathan Krakoff

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Diane C. Adler‐Wailes

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Cooperative Institutions

National Institutes of Health

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Colorado State University

John Brown University

University of Pennsylvania

Duke University

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Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Concentrations in Lean and Overweight Children and Adolescents

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (2006)

Areeg El‐Gharbawy Diane C. Adler‐Wailes Margaret C. Mirch Kelly R. Theim Lisa M. Ranzenhofer

Abstract Context: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor appear to be important components of the leptin-signaling cascade involved in energy homeostasis, and mice with BDNF or TrkB gene haploinsufficiency have excessive adiposity. Little is known about the relationship between adiposity and BDNF, particularly in children. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the association of serum BDNF with measures of adiposity in children. Design/Setting/Patients: BDNF was determined by a sandwich-type ELISA after an overnight fast in convenience sample of 328 subjects, aged 3–19 yr enriched for extreme obesity. In 43, BDNF was also measured before, and again 1 h after, consuming a high-energy content (787 kcal) milkshake. Main Outcome Measures: Measures included associations between BDNF and measures of adiposity. Results: There were no significant univariate associations between log BDNF and adiposity measured by body mass index (BMI), BMI-Z score, or fat mass. However, in an analysis of covariance accounting for age, sex, race, pubertal status, and platelet count, BDNF was lower in overweight children (mean ± sd, 39.8 ± 24.8 vs. 47.0 ± 25.4 ng/dl, P = 0.03); in multiple regression analyses with log BDNF as the dependent variable, BMI (P = 0.03), BMI-Z (P = 0.01), and body fat (P < 0.02) were all negatively associated with BDNF once age, pubertal status, and platelet count were included in the model. Ingestion of a meal did not significantly alter serum BDNF 1 h later (P = 0.26). Conclusions: Serum BDNF is lower in extremely overweight children and adolescents than those of normal weight. It remains to be determined whether obese individuals with low serum BDNF for age and platelet count have mutations that alter BDNF function.

Univariate analysis

10.1210/jc.2006-0658

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Binge Eating in Overweight Treatment-Seeking Adolescents

Journal of Pediatric Psychology (2006)

Deborah R. Glasofer Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff Kamryn T. Eddy Susan Z. Yanovski Kelly R. Theim

Objective To examine the frequency and recency of binge eating in relation to psychopathology in overweight, treatment-seeking adolescents. Methods We investigated psychological correlates of the frequency and recency of reported loss of control (LOC) eating episodes in 160 overweight (body mass index [BMI]: 40.7 ± 8.8 kg/m2) adolescents. On the basis of the responses to the eating disorder examination (EDE), participants were categorized into one of four groups: full-syndrome binge eating disorder (BED); recent but infrequent binge eating (episodes within the 3 months before interview; RECENT-BINGE); remote and infrequent LOC eating (episodes occurring >3 months before assessment; PAST-LOC), or no history of LOC episodes (NE). Results The BED group reported higher EDE scores (global, p < .01), and more negative mood and anxiety than all other groups (p's < .01). Compared with NE, RECENT-BINGE also reported more anxiety and higher EDE scores (p's < .01). Conclusions Overweight, treatment-seeking adolescents with BED are clearly distinguishable from teens without the disorder on measures of eating-related psychopathology, mood, and anxiety. RECENT-BINGE, but not PAST-LOC, is also associated with significantly greater eating-related and general psychopathology.

Binge eating

Binge-eating disorder

10.1093/jpepsy/jsl012

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Estimates of body fat in children by Hologic QDR-4500-A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometers compared with deuterium dilution.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (2004)

Robotham Dale A. Schoeller Alfonso Mercado Margaret C. Mirch K Thiem

Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

Dual energy

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Enterovirus D68: What pediatric healthcare professionals need to know

Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing (2015)

John S. Murray Margaret C. Mirch Parag M. Amin

Pediatric Nurse Practitioner

Health Professionals

Associate editor

10.1111/jspn.12104

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Effects of binge eating on satiation, satiety, and energy intake of overweight children

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2006)

Margaret C. Mirch Jennifer R McDuffie Susan Z. Yanovski Merel Schollnberger Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff

Binge eating

Overeating

Binge-eating disorder

10.1093/ajcn/84.4.732

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Citations (78)

Orthopedic Complications of Overweight in Children and Adolescents

PEDIATRICS (2006)

Erica Taylor Kelly R. Theim Margaret C. Mirch Samareh Ghorbani Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff

OBJECTIVE. Few studies have quantified the prevalence of weight-related orthopedic conditions in otherwise healthy overweight children. The goal of the present investigation was to describe the musculoskeletal consequences of pediatric overweight in a large pediatric cohort of children that included severely overweight children. METHODS. Medical charts from 227 overweight and 128 nonoverweight children and adolescents who were enrolled in pediatric clinical studies at the National Institutes of Health from 1996 to 2004 were reviewed to record pertinent orthopedic medical history and musculoskeletal complaints. Questionnaire data from 183 enrollees (146 overweight) documented difficulties with mobility. In 250, lower extremity alignment was determined by bilateral metaphyseal-diaphyseal and anatomic tibiofemoral angle measurements made from whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans. RESULTS. Compared with nonoverweight children, overweight children reported a greater prevalence of fractures and musculoskeletal discomfort. The most common self-reported joint complaint among those who were questioned directly was knee pain (21.4% overweight vs 16.7% nonoverweight). Overweight children reported greater impairment in mobility than did nonoverweight children (mobility score: 17.0 ± 6.8 vs 11.6 ± 2.8). Both metaphyseal-diaphyseal and anatomic tibiofemoral angle measurements showed greater malalignment in overweight compared with nonoverweight children. CONCLUSIONS. Reported fractures, musculoskeletal discomfort, impaired mobility, and lower extremity malalignment are more prevalent in overweight than nonoverweight children and adolescents. Because they affect the likelihood that children will engage in physical activity, orthopedic difficulties may be part of the cycle that perpetuates the accumulation of excess weight in children.

10.1542/peds.2005-1832

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Children's descriptions of the foods consumed during loss of control eating episodes

Eating Behaviors (2006)

Kelly R. Theim Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff Christine G. Salaita Ann F. Haynos Margaret C. Mirch

Overeating

Calorie

Binge eating

10.1016/j.eatbeh.2006.10.001

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Citations (55)

Estimates of Body Fat in Children by Hologic QDR-2000 and QDR-4500A Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometers Compared With Deuterium Dilution

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (2006)

Delphine R. Robotham Dale A. Schoeller Arlene Mercado Margaret C. Mirch Kelly R. Theim

We evaluated the accuracy with which the Hologic QDR-4500A and QDR-2000 densitometers measure fat mass (FM) in 95 children. FM was derived from total body water measured by deuterium dilution (DD) in all children, by QDR-4500A in 50, and by QDR-2000 in 45 children. Compared with DD, both instruments underestimated FM (QDR-4500A: 3.35 ± 2.5 kg, P < 0.0001; QDR-2000: 1.05 ± 1.5 kg, P < 0.0001). Both absorptiometers showed magnitude biases relative to DD (QDR-4500: r = +0.70, P < 0.001; QDR-2000: r = −0.51, P < 0.001). We conclude that neither densitometer is equivalent to DD for estimation of children's FM. The QDR-4500A's current calibration seems to provide an even greater underestimate of FM than the QDR-2000.

Densitometer

Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

10.1097/01.mpg.0000189373.31697.15

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Citations (22)

Effects of binge eating on satiation, satiety, and energy intake of overweight children [Erratum: 2007 June, v. 85, no. 6, p. 1668.]

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2006)

Margaret C. Mirch Jennifer R McDuffie Susan Z. Yanovski Merel Schollnberger Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff

Binge eating

Binge-eating disorder

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