Abstract Five aminoalkyl 1 H -benzo[ de ]isoquinoline-1,3(2 H )-diones were synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Microorganisms used in this study included aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia , and obligatory anaerobes Bacteroides fragilis , Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Propionibacterium acnes . Moreover, Candida albicans yeast was used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for the test compounds. Among the tested derivatives, two compounds 1 and 2 have shown the most potent antibacterial as well as antifungal activities.
Twenty vancomycin resistant E. faecium strains (VRE) isolated from patients of three different hospital wards in 2005-2008 were examined. The strains originated from patients of intensive therapy, urological and internistic wards. The chosen wards differ significantly in their specificity. In all cases the presence of o vanA and lack of vanB, vanD, vanE and vanG genes and were found. Strains were compared by using RFLP-PFGE, the reference method for molecular typing of VRE. One group including fourteen strains showing similarity higher than 79.5% was distinguished. This group was divided into subgroups. The greatest similarity was found among strains from patients of intensive therapy ward. Two subgroups of strains showing similarity more than 93.3%, of four strains each were identified. The similarity between these two subgroups was 79.5%. Most strains from other two wards showed less than 79.5% similarity and they could be recognised as not related. Only one strain from internal ward and two strains from urologic ward were similar in 82.1 - 86.4% to one of subgroups of strains originated from intensive therapy.
The frequency of resistance and elevated resistance to teicoplanin and vancomycin among 689 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated in one year from clinical specimens was determined. Using ATB.STAPH test, a resistance was shown mainly among strains of S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus. The elevated resistance to teicoplanin was much more frequently observed than to vancomycin. About 27% of isolated strains of S. haemolyticus and 6.8% of S. epidermidis were classified as resistant. Among other species only single strains were recognised as resistant: one strain of S. xylosus, one of S. cohni and one of S. intermedius. 94.7% of S. epidermidis and 100% of S. haemolyticus strains classified as resistant to teicoplanin in ATB showed MIC values 14 mg/l. Moreover it was shown that 26.3% of these strains of S. epidermidis and 33.3% of S. haemolyticus had MBC of teicoplanin values equal to or higher than 32 mg/l.
After the first report in May 2008, the National Reference Center for Susceptibility Testing confirmed 113 cases of infection or colonization by KPC-producing members of the family Enterobacteriaceae in Poland by the end of 2009. The vast majority of patients were found in 18 hospitals; three patients were diagnosed at outpatient clinics. Most of the institutions were in the Warsaw area, including three hospitals with the highest numbers of cases. When available, the data on previous hospitalizations often indicated that these hospitals were the probable acquisition sites; one patient arrived from New York. The group of 119 unique isolates consisted of Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 114), followed by Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 3), and Escherichia coli (n = 2). The K. pneumoniae isolates were dominated by the clone sequence type 258 (ST258) (n = 111); others were ST11 and ST23. The ST258 group was heterogeneous, with 28 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtypes, ∼25 plasmid profiles, and nine β-lactamase patterns differing by KPC variants (KPC-2 mainly), and SHV-12, CTX-M-3, and TEM-1-like enzymes. Plasmids carrying bla(KPC) genes varied in size (~48 to 250 kb), structure, and conjugation potential. Transferable IncFII(K) plasmids of ~110 to 160 kb, probably pKpQIL or its derivatives, were observed in all K. pneumoniae clones and in K. oxytoca. Also prevalent were nontypeable pETKp50-like plasmids of ~50 kb, found in K. pneumoniae ST258 and E. coli isolates (ST93 and ST224). Two K. pneumoniae-E. coli pairs from single patients might represent the in vivo transfer of such plasmids. The striking diversity of KPC producers at the early stage of dissemination could result from several introductions of these bacteria into the country, their multidirectional evolution during clonal spread, and transfer of the plasmids.
Potential role of HPV infection in pathogenesis of colon polyps and cancer remains undetermined. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of DNA of HPV- 6, -11, -16 and -18 in the biopsies from colon polyps.We investigated the biopsies from 24 patients (23 from colon polyps and I from colon cancer) of Department of Gastroenterology Medical University of Warsaw using Real time PCR HPV-6/11. Real-TM (Sacace Biotechnologies) was performed on termocycler Smart Cycler Dx.We didn't detect oncogenic HPV16 and HPV18 in any of the investigated specimens, HPV-11 was present in 11 patients including all patients with adenoma tubule-villosum. We detect HPV6 in 5 samples from polyps and 1 from colon cancer.HPV 6 and HPV 11 could play a role in pathogenesis some colon polyps but the final conclusions demand further investigations. Oncogenic HPV 16 and 18 probably don't play any role in colon polyps pathogenesis.
