Background : Helicobacter pylori is a common cause of gastritis and peptic ulcers in humans. Many dogs, including those with gastritis and chronic vomiting, are infected with Helicobacter spp. Hypothesis : Triple antimicrobial therapy will eradicate Helicobacter infection, improve gastritis, and reduce clinical signs. The addition of acid suppression medication will not improve results. Animals : Twenty‐four pet dogs with chronic vomiting and gastric Helicobacter spp. Methods : Dogs were randomly assigned to triple antimicrobial therapy with or without famotidine. Gastroduodenoscopy was performed 4 weeks and 6 months after therapy. Helicobacter spp status was determined by histologic assessment of gastric mucosal biopsy specimens. Results : Eradication rates for each treatment were not significantly different and combined were 75 and 42.9% at 4 weeks and 6 months, respectively. A greater improvement in gastritis scores occurred in dogs that became Helicobacter spp negative. Overall, the frequency of vomiting was reduced by 86.4%, but there were no differences between treatments. Conclusions and Clinical Importance : Eradication rates of Helicobacter spp with both treatments were not significantly different. Eradication rates at 6 months were modest, and more effective treatments should be developed. Acid suppression is not a necessary component of treatment protocols for dogs. Eradication of gastric Helicobacter spp was associated with improvement in gastritis scores. Dramatic reduction of the vomiting frequency occurred with both treatment protocols. Gastric Helicobacter spp may cause or contribute to chronic vomiting and gastritis in some dogs.
The SMILE: Student Managed Initiative in Lifestyle Education program is an arts and health workshop that runs for 2 hours per day for 8 weeks. Health care students and community members are invited to participate. SMILE was developed to provide undergraduate nursing and health care students with an opportunity to practice and improve on their communication, group facilitation, and leadership skills. SMILE also provides community participants access to an arts and health education workshop.The SMILE project was evaluated using a qualitative approach to identify effects to student and community participant learning.The SMILE evaluation highlighted a key theme: Helping to Learn, Learning to Help. Students identified SMILE as an opportunity to learn how to help and community members recognized and valued their role in helping students learn.This article provides an overview of the SMILE program and report on the evaluation findings. [J Nurs Educ. 2017;56(5):309-313.].
Children visiting parents in the ICU is still controversial. Here are six different opinions about children visiting from ICU nurses, an infection control practitioner, and even a parent. All view points are important to consider in providing access of children to their critically ill parents. Interestingly, even nurses who do not generally support child visitation have allowed children's visits in special circumstances and found the experience positive.
Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) due to Sarcocystis neurona infection is 1 of the most common neurologic diseases in horses in the United States. The mechanisms by which most horses resist disease, as well as the possible mechanisms by which the immune system may be suppressed in horses that develop EPM, are not known. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine whether horses experimentally infected with S. neurona developed suppressed immune responses. Thirteen horses that were negative for S. neurona antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were randomly assigned to control (n = 5) or infected (n = 8) treatment groups. Neurologic exams and cerebrospinal fluid analyses were performed prior to, and following, S. neurona infection. Prior to, and at multiple time points following infection, immune parameters were determined. All 8 S. neurona–infected horses developed clinical signs consistent with EPM, and had S. neurona antibodies in the serum and CSF. Both infected and control horses had increased percentages (P < 0.05) of B cells at 28 days postinfection. Infected horses had significantly decreased (P < 0.05) proliferation responses as measured by thymidine incorporation to nonspecific mitogens phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (I) as soon as 2 days postinfection.
A computer system for the management of Veterinary Pathology data has been developed as an application of a general purpose Clinical Data Management System (CDMS), which was implemented at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas for a high-reliability multiprocessor TANDEM-16. CDMS manages the data input phase of the Veterinary Pathology system and has numerous features to assist a novice user, such as the presentation of »screens« of data each accompanied by an easily accessed HELP screen, on-line user documentation and computer-assisted instruction material. Retrievals from the Veterinary Pathology system utilize the TANDEM relational retrieval facility ENFORM and the experimental natural language retrieval system, the MEANINGEX-based Semantic Similarity Analyzer. This computer-based storage, retrieval and report generation system is designed to meet the well-defined requirements of the user group with respect to its teaching, research and service commitments. Results of its first year of operation indicate that the Veterinary Pathology data management system is convenient and useful in the environment for which it was designed.
Harold Frederick Shipman was born on 14 January 1946 in Nottingham. In 1965, Shipman was accepted to study medicine at the University of Leeds. It was during his time at medical school that he, by his own admission, began abusing drugs, as well as meeting the woman that was to remain steadfastly by his side for the rest of his life, Primrose. After graduating in 1970, Shipman's first employment as a doctor was at Pontefract Royal Infirmary. The case of Shipman had far-reaching implications for general practice and the wider medical landscape. A large-scale investigation followed, looking into a number of deaths of elderly patients that had occurred shortly after Shipman had conducted a home visit. In January 2000, Shipman was convicted on 15 counts of murder and was sentenced to life imprisonment. Shipman showed no emotion when the verdict was announced. He made no further comment on the crimes and offered no explanation for them.
To assess the potential of adipose-derived nucleated cell (ADNC) fractions to improve tendon repair in horses with collagenase-induced tendinitis.8 horses.Collagenase was used to induce tendinitis in the superficial digital flexor tendon of 1 forelimb in each horse. Four horses were treated by injection of autogenous ADNC fractions, and 4 control horses were injected with PBS solution. Healing was compared by weekly ultrasonographic evaluation. Horses were euthanatized at 6 weeks. Gross and histologic evaluation of tendon structure, fiber alignment, and collagen typing were used to define tendon architecture. Biochemical and molecular analyses of collagen, DNA, and proteoglycan and gene expression of collagen type I and type III, decorin, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and insulin-like growth factor-I were performed.Ultrasonography revealed no difference in rate or quality of repair between groups. Histologic evaluation revealed a significant improvement in tendon fiber architecture; reductions in vascularity, inflammatory cell infiltrate, and collagen type III formation; and improvements in tendon fiber density and alignment in ADNC-treated tendons. Repair sites did not differ in DNA, proteoglycan, or total collagen content. Gene expression of collagen type I and type III in treated and control tendons were similar. Gene expression of COMP was significantly increased in ADNC-injected tendons.ADNC injection improved tendon organization in treated tendons. Although biochemical and molecular differences were less profound, tendons appeared architecturally improved after ADNC injection, which was corroborated by improved tendon COMP expression. Use of ADNC in horses with tendinitis appears warranted.
Abstract One major aim of preclinical intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) research is to develop and test potential neuroprotectants. Published guidelines for experimental design and reporting stress the importance of clearly and completely reporting results and methodological details to ensure reproducibility and maximize information availability. The current review has two objectives: first, to characterize current ICH neuroprotection research and, second, to analyze aspects of translational design in preclinical ICH studies. Translational design is the adoption and reporting of experimental design characteristics that are thought to be clinically relevant and critical to reproducibility in animal studies (e.g., conducting and reporting experiments according to the STAIR and ARRIVE guidelines, respectively). Given that ICH has no current neuroprotective treatments and an ongoing reproducibility crisis in preclinical research, translational design should be considered by investigators. We conducted a systematic review of ICH research from 2015 to 2019 using the PubMed database. Our search returned 281 published manuscripts studying putative neuroprotectants in animal models. Contemporary ICH research predominantly uses young, healthy male rodents. The collagenase model is the most commonly used. Reporting of group sizes, blinding, and randomization are almost unanimous, but group size calculations, mortality and exclusion criteria, and animal model characteristics are infrequently reported. Overall, current ICH neuroprotection research somewhat aligns with experimental design and reporting guidelines. However, there are areas for improvement. Because failure to consider translational design is associated with inflation of effect sizes (and possibly hindered reproducibility), we suggest that researchers, editors, and publishers collaboratively consider enhanced adherence to published guidelines.
'%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0v30h60V0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='6' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='4' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='10' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='6' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)