In our department, total neoadjuvant therapy(TNT), which is a combination of preoperative chemotherapy and preoperative chemoradiotherapy(nCRT), has been introduced for the purpose of local and systemic disease control for lower rectal cancer. For patients in whom a clinical complete response(cCR)was obtained by TNT, we avoid the surgery and preserve organs, and follow-up strictly under the informed consent(watch and wait). In addition, for patients with remarkably reduced primary lesions(near cCR)without lymphadenopathy after TNT, the option of omitting total mesorectal excision (TME)and performing organ preservation by local excision can be introduced. Here, we report a case in which near cCR was obtained by TNT and organ preservation was performed by local excision. A 67-year-old man with lower rectal cancer(AV 5 cm, 15 mm, type 2, cT2N0M0, cStage Ⅰ)was referred to our department with a desire to preserve the anus. TNT with nCRT→CAPOX was performed, and near cCR was obtained. After that, full thickness local excision of the residual disease was performed by transanal minimally invasive surgery(TAMIS). The final pathological diagnosis was Rb, 0.7 mm, por2, ypT1a, ypPM0, ypDM0, ypRM0. No recurrence is recognized for 3 years and 10 months after the operation.
We reviewed the experiences of surgical intervention for neonatal and infantile-onset refractory colonic Crohn's disease. All cases were male patients with medical therapy resistant colonic Crohn's disease and anal lesions. Their quality of life was extremely poor because of long fasting, steroid complications, growth and mental retardation, and severe anal pain. Surgery, such as subtotal colectomy and/or ileostomy construction, induced remission and allowed these patients to wean off steroids administered generally. Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index scores of all patients were significantly decreased. Reversible steroid complications disappeared after operation. Anal ulcers and multiple perianal fistulas were improved and the patients never complained of anal pain. All patients were able to achieve catch-up growth. Parents of all patients are satisfied with a physical or social development of their child after operation. However, mental retardation and eating disorders still remained in two patients. Early induction of surgical therapy may present a better outcome and improve quality of life for medical therapy-resistant cases in neonatal and infantile severe colonic Crohn's disease.
Abstract Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare but life‐threatening pathology. We report a case of a primary AEF that was successfully managed with temporary thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and esophagectomy with video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery. A 73‐year‐old man was transferred to the emergency department with a complaint of hematemesis. A computed tomography scan identified an AEF due to aortic aneurysm. We placed a stent using TEVAR for the purpose of hemodynamic stasis, and the operation was performed 23 h after admission. Right video‐assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy (VATS‐E) was chosen, and a cervical esophagostomy and a feeding gastrostomy tube was constructed. Infection had been effectively controlled postoperatively. Four months after the first operation, we performed esophageal reconstruction. At the 70‐month follow‐up examination, the patient had no signs of mediastinitis. VATS‐E immediately after hemostabilization by TEVAR is useful management for primary AEF.
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