Luís Ortiz

Pompeu Fabra University

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Xavier Coller

National University of Distance Education

Séamus McGuinness

Economic and Social Research Institute

Tony Edwards

Loughborough University

Michael Wortmann

WZB Berlin Social Science Center

Chris Rees

Royal Holloway University of London

Ramón Alòs

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Joël Martí

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Carlos Palomo Lario

Pompeu Fabra University

Héctor Cebolla‐Boado

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Pere Jódar

Pompeu Fabra University

Cooperative Institutions

University of South Florida

Pompeu Fabra University

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Tampa General Hospital

Institut d'Estudis Catalans

University of Warwick

Universitat de Barcelona

Ceres

KU Leuven

Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

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The role of educational expansion in the early occupational attainment process: Empirical evidence from a cross-national perspective

Luís Ortiz M.H.J. Wolbers

In this paper, we investigated the role of educational expansion in the early occupational attainment process from a cross-national perspective. Beyond an eventual direct, positive effect of education (net of social origin) on early occupational attainment, we explored if education has a different payoff depending on social origin, and if such effects are associated to educational expansion. For the empirical analysis, we used four rounds of the European Social Survey (ESS) (collected in 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008). We applied multilevel analysis on a selection of 18,251 individuals, who had left education at most ten years before the moment of interview, from 29 countries. The results first of all showed that education (net of social origin) has a strong positive effect on early occupational attainment. Moreover, the occupational returns to education vary by social origin: the returns are largest (smallest) among those of whom their father worked in a professional occupation (was an unskilled worker). Second, we found that educational expansion lowers occupational attainment in general and that the (differential) occupational returns to education are smaller when education expands (credential inflation).

Educational Attainment

Occupational prestige

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Citations (3)

‘Safe enclaves’? American multinationals and Spanish trade unionism

Labor History (2010)

Luís Ortiz Xavier Coller

By examining two case studies in Spain's automobile industry, this article analyzes the part played by the multinational corporation (MNC) in the historical transformation of Spanish trade unionism at shop-floor level. The literature on organizational change, often aimed at explaining the ability of MNCs to diffuse human resource policies and practices across borders, is used to explore MNCs' ability to introduce organizational changes into the specific local conditions they are forced to deal with. Of the three possible types of organizational change examined ('continuity and institutional inertia', 'discontinuous and revolutionary change', and 'hybridization'), the authors find there is a strong evidential tendency towards hybridization. The MNCs under scrutiny were able to transform some aspects of the work of trade unions at the workplace level (wages, promotion, selection), but found they had to adapt their management style to the Francoist state's labour legislation – namely, concerning professional classification and functional mobility. The authors also contend that it was the role of these companies as MNCs, not their country of origin, which opened the way to the transformation of trade union organization and labour relations at the local level in Spain, since such a transformation accelerated once French and Italian multinationals took over each one of the MNCs under examination.

Scrutiny

Promotion (chess)

Trade union

10.1080/00236561003729438

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What shape great expectations? Gender, social origin and country differences in students’ expectations of university graduation

Luís Ortiz

Graduation (instrument)

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revolución e intervención en libia. Una interpretación desde la teoría de la guerra justa Revolution and intervention in Libya. And interpretation from the perspective of the just war theory

Luís Ortiz

this article examines the recent rebellion and subsequent intervention in libya, in connection with the so-called war theory. specifically, itanalyses the rela- tionship between the just war theory and the right of rebel- lion, as well as the legitimacy of humanitarian intervention. the article simultaneously highlights the complexity of the just war theory and the difficulty of applying it in practice.

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National Industrial Relations Systems and Cross-border Restructuring: Evidence from a Merger in the Pharmaceuticals Sector

European Journal of Industrial Relations (2006)

Tony Edwards Xavier Coller Luís Ortiz Chris Rees Michael Wortmann

This article examines the restructuring process following a cross-border merger in the pharmaceuticals sector. We show how national industrial relations systems account for some aspects of cross-national differences in the process and outcomes of restructuring. However, we also argue that institutionalist approaches to comparative analysis must be complemented by a focus on the material interests of organizational actors and the resources that they can deploy.

Restructuring

Organizational structure

10.1177/0959680106061369

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Citations (27)

Political mobilisation and models of trade unionism: Southern Europe in comparative perspective

Héctor Cebolla‐Boado Luís Ortiz

The relationship between union membership and political mobilization has been studied under many perspectives, but quantitative cross-national analyses have been hampered by the absence of international comparable survey data until the first round of the European Social Survey (ESS-2002) was made available. Using different national samples from this survey in four moments of time (2002, 2004 and 2006), our paper provides evidence of cross-country divergence in the empirical association between political mobilisation and trade union membership. Cross-national differences in union members’ political mobilization, we argue, can be explained by the existence of models of unionism that in turn differ with respect to two decisive factors: the institutionalisation of trade union activity and the opportunities left-wing parties have available for gaining access to executive power.

Institutionalisation

Trade union

Survey data collection

Divergence (linguistics)

Mobilization

European Social Survey

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Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política (Labour Relations in International Mergers and Takeovers. A Political Approach)

Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas (2007)

Luís Ortiz Xavier Coller Tony Edwards Chris Rees Michael Wortmann

This article studies the restructuring process following a cross-border merger between two pharmaceutical companies. Mergers and take-overs make a favourable scenario for researching the capacity that multinationals have for disseminating their policies and practices beyond the frontiers of their countries of origin. Four comparable plants in four countries that were sufficiently diverse as r gards their institutional frameworks for regulating employment relations, were selected: United

10.2307/40184832

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Citations (1)

Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política

Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas (2024)

Luís Ortiz Xavier Coller Tony Edwards Chris Rees Michael Wortmann

Este artículo estudia la reestructuración que siguió a la fusión de dos multinacionales del sector farmacéutico. Los procesos de fusión y adquisición constituyen un buen escenario para la investigación de la capacidad de las multinacionales para difundir sus políticas y prácticas más allá de las fronteras de sus países de origen. Se seleccionaron cuatro plantas comparables en cuatro países suficientemente diversos por lo que se refiere a sus marcos institucionales de regulación de las relaciones de empleo: Reino Unido, Estados Unidos, Alemania y España. También se seleccionaron diversas políticas puestas en práctica globalmente por la central corporativa. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que los marcos institucionales nacionales sólo constituyen una constricción relativa para la acción de la central corporativa. Incluso en países altamente regulados, como Alemania o (en menor grado) España, la compañía multinacional demostró su capacidad para difundir las políticas que quería implantar. Más allá de los factores institucionales tradicionales, la investigación demuestra la importancia de los factores políticos(en el plano corporativo, nacional e incluso de planta) para entender el éxito o el fracaso de la central corporativa en la difusión de ciertas prácticas.

10.5477/cis/reis.120.11

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Overeducation among European University Graduates: a comparative analysis of its incidence and the importance of higher education differentiation

Higher Education (2010)

Carlo Barone Luís Ortiz

Bachelor

Disadvantage

Educational Attainment

10.1007/s10734-010-9380-0

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Citations (171)

Not the right job, but a secure one

Work Employment and Society (2010)

Luís Ortiz

Recent educational expansion in many OECD countries has renewed interest in over-education. The educational system has often been highlighted as the main source of over-education, whereas the role of the labour market has been neglected. Using European Community Household Panel data on three countries with similar systems of education but different levels of temporary employment, the association between job security and over-education is explored here. The results show that in quite segmented labour markets, where a permanent contract is an especially valuable asset, human capital might be traded off for job security. Over-education thus becomes paradoxically likelier among permanent workers than among temporary ones.

Job security

10.1177/0950017009353657

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Citations (72)