A study of both surface micromorphology and growth kinetics of the (001) face of a crystal growing from solution is performed on the basis of Monte Carlo computer simulation. Special attention is paid to the effects on normal growth rate and growth mechanism of the surface size ,the thermal roughening of crystal surface and kinetic roughening coefficient.
A complex of samrium perchlorate with L-α-Valine acid,[Sm2(L-α-Val)4(H2O)8](ClO4)6,was synthesized by the reaction of samarium perchlorate and L-α-Valine acid in distilled water.The title complex was characterized by chemical analysis,elemental analysis,FTIR and TG/DTG.Low-temperature heat capacities were measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 371 K.A polynomial equation of heat capacities as a function of the temperature was fitted by the least-squares method.Based on the fitted polynomial,the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the complex relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15 K were calculated with the interval of 5 K.The possible mechanism about thermal decomposition of the complex was deduced on the basis of the TG/DTG analysis.A reasonable thermochemical cycle was designed on the basis of the Hess law,and the standard molar enthalpies of dissolution for the reactants and products of the designed reaction in the selected solvents were measured by an isoperibol solutionreaction calorimeter,respectively.In addition,the enthalpy change of the reaction was determined to be Δr H⊙m=(24.83±0.85) kJ·mol-1 from the data of the above standard molar enthalpies of dissolution.Eventually,the standard molar enthalpy of formation of the complex was derived to be-(8 010.01±3.90) kJ·mol-1 by the combination of the enthalpy change of the reaction with other auxiliary thermodynamic quantities.
Nicotinic acid and sodium acetate were chosen as the reactants,a compound——sodium nicotinate was synthesized by the method of room temperature solid phase synthesis.FTIR and X-ray powder diffraction technique were applied to characterize its structure,and its composition was determined to be Na(C6H4NO2)by chemical and elemental analyses.Low-temperature heat capacities of the compound were measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 K to 400 K.A polynomial equation of the heat capacities as a function of the temperature was fitted by the least square method.On the basis of the fitted polynomial,the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the compound relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15 K were calculated at the interval of 5 K.A reasonable thermochemical cycle was designed on the basis of the solid phase preparation reaction of the substance,1 mol/L NaOH solution was chosen as the calorimetric solvent,and the standard molar enthalpies of dissolution for the reactants and products of the solid phase reaction in the selected solvents were measured by an isoperibol solution-reaction calorimeter,respectively.In addition,the enthalpy change of the solid phase reaction was determined to be(23.232±0.509)kJ/mol from the data of the above standard molar enthalpies of dissolution.Eventually,the standard molar enthalpy of formation of sodium nicotinate was derived to be:ΔfH0m[Na(C6H4NO2),s]=(-548.96±1.11)kJ/mol,by the combination of the enthalpy change of the solid phase reaction with other auxiliary thermodynamic quantities.
The phase structures and components of Ca8 (Al1-xNix)3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) alloys were studied.The results showed that only Ca8Al3 phase existed in the alloy with x=0. When x= 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3, not only Ca8Al3 phase, but also NiAl and Ca existed in the alloys. The amount of Ca8Al3 phase was decreased gradually, but the amount of NiAl phase and Ca were increased with increasing Ni content. Increasing the content of Ni to 0.4, the Ca8Al3 phase disappeared completely, the alloyonlycontained NiAl and Ca.