The bacteriophage P2 ogr gene product is a positive regulator of transcription from P2 late promoters. The ogr gene was originally defined by compensatory mutations that overcame the block to P2 growth imposed by a host mutation, rpoA109, in the gene encoding the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase. DNA sequence analysis has confirmed that this mutation affects the C-terminal region of the alpha subunit, changing a leucine residue at position 290 to a histidine (rpoAL290H). We have employed a reporter plasmid system to screen other, previously described, rpoA mutants for effects on activation of a P2 late promoter and have identified a second allele, rpoA155, that blocks P2 late transcription. This mutation lies just upstream of rpoAL290H, changing the leucine residue at position 289 to a phenylalanine (rpoAL289F). The effect of the rpoAL289F mutation is not suppressed by the rpoAL290H-compensatory P2 ogr mutation. P2 ogr mutants that overcome the block imposed by rpoAL289F were isolated and characterized. Our results are consistent with a direct interaction between Ogr and the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase and support a model in which transcription factor contact sites within the C terminus of alpha are discrete and tightly clustered.
Es wird der Einfluß von Röntgenstrahlen und ultravioletten Strahlen verschiedener Wellenlängen auf kernhaltige Zellteile von Acetabularia mediterranea untersucht. Die Röntgenbestrahlung führt zu einer Verminderung des Regenerationsvermögens der Zellteile, zu einer Verringerung der Cystenbildung der Regenerate und zu einer Herabsetzung der Lebensfähigkeit der Cysten. Erst nach einer Dosis von 400 kr ist das Regenerationsvermögen fast völlig zerstört. Die Fähigkeit zur Bildung fortpflanzungsfähiger Gameten geht bereits nach 40 kr verloren. Die Wirkung von UV-Bestrahlungen ist demgegenüber sehr gering. Es wird geschlossen, daß die beobachteten Leistungen der kernhaltigen Zellteile wesentlich durch den Zellkern bestimmt sind, der im Rhizoid gegen die UV-Strahlung weitgehend abgeschirmt ist. Erfolgt eine vollständige Regeneration bis zur Hutbildung, so scheinen Größe und Gestalt der ausgewachsenen Regenerate nicht wesentlich von der Röntgenbestrahlung beeinflußt zu sein. In den meisten Fällen bilden Hutregenerate auch Cysten.
A study was made of the effect of x rays and ultraviolet radiation of various wave lengths on the nucleated cell part of Acetabularia mediterranea. The x radintion leads to a reduction of the regenerative capacity, to a decrease of cyst formation of the regenerated cells, and to a lowering of the viability of the cysts. After a dose of 400 hr the regenerative capacity is almost completely destroyed. The capacity for the formation of reproductive gametes is lost after 40 hr. The effect of UV irradiation is, on the other hand, much less. It was concluded that the observed functions of the nucleated cell part are essentially determined by the nucleus, which in rhizoids is extensively shielded against UV radiation. A complete regeneration up to cap formation follows so size and shape of the full-grown regenerated cells do not appear to be influenced essertially by x radiation. (tr-auth)
