Chapter 13 covers treatment of Dissociative identity disorder (DID), and includes key principles and core knowledge needed to treat the condition, as well as the controversial nature of the diagnosis in the DSM-IV, conceptualization of disassociation, diagnosis, comorbidity, and assessment, assessment strategy, initial case formulation, treatment strategy and agenda, outcomes, relapse prevention, non-specific factors and therapy dynamics, ethical considerations, common mistakes to avoid, and case conclusions.
In this article, we describe how cognitive hypnotherapy can be used in conjunction with evidence-based practices for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We review cognitive-behavioral interventions for PTSD, including mindfulness and acceptance-based approaches, and contend that (a) empirical support for the use of hypnosis in treating a variety of conditions is considerable; (b) hypnosis is fundamentally a cognitive-behavioral intervention; (c) psychological interventions with a firm footing in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are well-suited to treat the symptoms of PTSD; and (d) hypnosis can be a useful adjunct to evidence-based cognitive-behavioral approaches, including mindfulness and acceptance-based interventions, for treating PTSD.
Abstract Depersonalization is marked by persistent or recurring symptoms, including perceptual alterations, distorted sense of time, feeling as though one is an outside observer of one's body, or feeling like an automaton or like one is living in a dream or a movie. These symptoms are often accompanied by derealization, the feeling that the world, oneself, or other people seem strange or unreal. This entry summarizes the literature on depersonalization and derealization, including (a) the new DSM ‐5 diagnosis of depersonalization disorder/derealization disorder, which combines symptoms of derealization and depersonalization into a single diagnostic entity; (b) prevalence data; (c) precipitants of symptoms; (d) course of the disorder; and (e) theoretical and treatment approaches for depersonalization/derealization.
Commentary on: Klainin-Yobas P, Cho MA, Creedy D . Efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions on depressive symptoms among people with mental disorders: a meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2012;49:109–21.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3] Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders and is frequently comorbid with other psychiatric conditions. Mindfulness-based interventions have become increasingly popular mainstays of treatment and adjuncts to empirically established therapies. The authors performed a meta-analysis of 39 studies across nine countries involving 1847 participants with … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DInternational%2Bjournal%2Bof%2Bnursing%2Bstudies%26rft.stitle%253DInt%2BJ%2BNurs%2BStud%26rft.aulast%253DKlainin-Yobas%26rft.auinit1%253DP.%26rft.volume%253D49%26rft.issue%253D1%26rft.spage%253D109%26rft.epage%253D121%26rft.atitle%253DEfficacy%2Bof%2Bmindfulness-based%2Binterventions%2Bon%2Bdepressive%2Bsymptoms%2Bamong%2Bpeople%2Bwith%2Bmental%2Bdisorders%253A%2Ba%2Bmeta-analysis.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252Fj.ijnurstu.2011.08.014%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F21963234%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.08.014&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=21963234&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F16%2F1%2F12.atom
We thank Professor Merckelbach for his thoughtful commentary, which raises important questions about the treatment of DID and is replete with interesting observations (e.g., DID may represent a complex mood disorder, DID is a severity marker of a polysymptomatic condition, the need to take symptom exaggeration into account in a complete evaluation of DID). For example, Merckelbach questions whether our patient’s DID symptoms could be an example of “spontaneous developing DID, and thereby provide a falsification of the sociocognitive model,” as he presumed we “went to great lengths to avoid the suggestive shaping of DID symptoms.” Shaping influences on patients may be subtle (e.g., exposure to movies, books, magazine misinformation about DID), and symptoms may appear to arise “spontaneously.” Yet in the case of Ms. M., potentially suggestive influences were less than subtle, if not blatant. Indeed, she was not only an avid consumer of media with trauma-based depictions of multiple personalities, but relatively early in her treatment (before SJL came on board), her previous therapist at some point began to interact with supposedly separate personalities, potentially reifying them and rewarding their manifestation....
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)
