Purpose: To evaluate the value of ultrasonic diagnosis in closed wound of liver and spleen. Methods: Each diameter of liver and spleen images and abnormal tiny dense light spots in these organs were routinely measured. Heptorenal recess, hilus of spleen and pelvic cavity were carefully examined, and the fluid sonolucent areas clustering in these areas when bleeding happened to liver and spleen after trauma were measured. Results: The cases of confirmed diagnosis, missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis were 57,4 and 1 respectively. The diagnostic accordance rate was 91.49%(57/62). Conclusion: The ultrasonic examination might be valuable to diagnose closed wounds of liver and spleen.
Objective:To evaluate the value of spiral computed tomography in combinated imagine techniques diagnosing primary ureteral cancer.Methods:18 cases of primary ureteral cancer which proved by operation and pathology were reviewed.Results:We got the accurate rate of ultrasonography,intravenous pyelography (IVP),computed tomography (CT),magnetic resonace imagine(MRI), at 72.2%,66.7%,84.6% and 75%,respectively.Combinated imagine techniques at 93.8%. Conclusion:To diagnosis of the primary ureteral carcinoma,we should combined the imagine closely with clinical material,combined imagine techniques including spiral CT is vital methods to diagnose primary ureteral carcinoma.
Objective To report the clinical results and the advantages/disadvantages of anterolateral thigh flap (ALT) and forearm flap (FAF) in reconstruction of head and neck defect after cancer ablation. Methods 20 FAFs and 12 ALTs were performed to repair the head and neck tumor ablation defects. Of the 20 FAFs, 7 were used for repair of the through and through buccal defects, 4 for circumferential bypopharyngeal defects, 2 for plate defects, 1 for parotid area skin defect, 4 for floor of the mouth defects, and 2 for defect, of the base of the tongue, while of the 12 ALTs, 3 were used for repair of the defects of the base of the tongue, 4 for plate defects, and 5 for the floor of the mouth and/or lower gum defects. Survival of the flaps, function of the recipient site, and impact to the donor site were compared between these two groups to analyze the advantages/disadvantsges and key technique details of these two flaps. Results 19 FAFs totally survived. Vascular crisis occurred in 2 cases of FAF, of which 1 flap survived after conservative treatment, while the other 1 developed partial necrosis. All the 12 ALTs survived, without vascular crisis. 2 of the 14 planed ALTs were abandoned and replaced by FAFs, of which 1 because of absence of the perforating branch and the other 1 because of injury of the perforating branch. Secondary defects of the ALTs could be closed primarily, while secondary defects of the FAFs should be closed with skin grafts. Conlusion Both ALT and FAF can be performed with high survival rate. Each has its own advantages. Selection of the donor site deponds on situation of the defect and purpose of the reconstruction.
Key words:
Head and Neck; Anterolateral thigh flap; Forearm flap; Transplantation; Microsurgery
Objective:We aimed to understand the commonly used acupoints and the acupoint combination rules in Guasha therapy for primary headaches using data mining technology, providing a reference for the clinical application of Guasha therapy for primary headaches.Methods: Literature related to Guasha therapy for primary headaches in PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched, up until May 12, 2023.A database of acupoints for Guasha therapy for primary headaches was established in Excel.The frequency of the acupoints used for Guasha in therapy of primary headaches were calculated by SPSS 25.0.The association rules between the acupoints were further described using SPSS Modeler 18.0.Results: A total of 67 papers were included, involving 51 acupoints for Guasha against primary headaches.The most commonly used acupoints were Fengchi, Baihui, Taiyang, Shuaigu, Tianzhu, and Hegu.The common acupoint combinations for Guasha therapy for primary headaches were Fengchi-Taiyang, Fengchi-Baihui, Fengchi-Taiyang-Baihui, Fengchi-Tianzhu-Baihui, and Fengchi-Shuaigu-Taiyang-Baihui.Conclusion: Data mining can effectively analyze the commonly used acupoints and the acupoint combination rules in Guasha therapy for primary headaches, providing a reliable basis for clinical acupoint selection.
The author analyzes the effect between the normal operating and Gamma knife treatment with 306 examples. It shows Gamma knife has advantages in three aspects: First, it is good to improve index of medical efficiency; Second, it can decrease post treatment ratio obviously; Third, it has superior in treatment of intracranial multiple tumor and tumor combined neurological diseases.
Objective: To investigate the effect of low dose erythromycin on the proliferation of granulation tissue after tracheal injury. Methods: Forty-two rabbits were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=6 each), group A (saline control group), group B (penicillin group), group C (low dose erythromycin group), group D (low dose erythromycin and penicillin group), group E (budesonide group), group F (low dose erythromycin and budesonide group), group G (low dose erythromycin, penicillin and budesonide group). All rabbits received tracheotomy, and the tracheal mucosa was scraped with a nylon brush 20 times for tracheal stenosis model. Rabbits were treated with corresponding drugs from a week before operation to 9 days after operation. The serum concentrations of transforming growth factor - beta 1 (TGF-β(1)), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL) -6, IL-8 were determined and the tracheal specimens were harvested for measuring degree of stenosis on the 10th day after operation. Results: Serum concentrations of TGF-β(1) in group A, B, C, D, E, F and G were (17.6±1.3), (18.2±3.1), (13.0±1.1), (14.0±1.0), (21.0±6.1), (13.6± 3.5), (8.2±1.3) ng/L; VEGF were (88.1±4.1), (85.8±4.3), (58.1±6.3), (56.5±2.4), (87.8±2.8), (57.0±3.7), (34.3±6.7) ng/L; IL-6 were (67.8±4.0), (66.1±3.5), (54.1±4.8), (52.1±3.2), (64.6±4.9), (49.4±4.2), (35.9±3.7) ng/L; IL-8 were (112.8±5.2), (116.6±4.1), (88.0±6.2), (85.5±3.5), (114.4±4.6), (82.6±3.8), (55.9±6.0) ng/L, respectively. The serum concentrations of TGF-β(1), VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8 in group C, D, F and G were significantly lower than those in group A, B and E (all P<0.05). Compared with the other groups, the serum concentrations in group G were the lowest (all P<0.05). All 42 rabbits had tracheal stenosis with different degrees of proliferation of granulation tissue. The degree of tracheal stenosis in Group A, B, C, D, E, F and G were (53.3±4.4)%, (48.2±5.0)%, (24.3±4.4)%, (29.5±3.2)%, (47.8±6.5)%, (27.9±3.1)%, (15.6±2.0)%, respectively. The degree of tracheal stenosis in group C, D, F and G was significantly lower than that in group A, B and E, which had statistical differences (all P<0.05). Compared with the other groups, the degree of tracheal stenosis in group G was the lowest (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Low dose of erythromycin can effectively inhibit the proliferation of granulation tissue after tracheal injury in rabbits. And it has better effectiveness when combined with other antibiotics and hormone.目的： 探讨小剂量红霉素对气管损伤后肉芽组织增生的影响。 方法： 将42只家兔按随机数字表法分成A～G共7组各6只；其中A为空白对照组，B为青霉素组，C为红霉素组，D为红霉素＋青霉素组，E为布地奈德组，F为红霉素＋布地奈德组，G为红霉素＋布地奈德＋青霉素组。42只家兔行气管切开后均予尼龙毛刷来回刷20次进行造模。术前1周至术后第9天各组分别予上述药物处理。术后第10天采集血液标本检测转化生长因子β(1)(TGF－β(1))、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、白细胞介素(IL)－6、IL－8浓度；并进行气管狭窄度测量。 结果： A～G组血清中TGF－β(1)浓度分别为(17.6±1.3)、(18.2±3.1)、(13.0±1.1)、(14.0±1.0)、(21.0±6.1)、(13.6±3.5)、(8.2±1.3)ng/L，VEGF浓度分别为(88.1±4.1)、(85.8±4.3)、(58.1±6.3)、(56.5±2.4)、(87.8±2.8)、(57.0±3.7)、(34.3±6.7)ng/L, IL－6浓度分别为(67.8±4.0)、(66.1±3.5)、(54.1±4.8)、(52.1±3.2)、(64.6±4.9)、(49.4±4.2)、(35.9±3.7)ng/L，IL－8浓度分别为(112.8±5.2)、(116.6±4.1)、(88.0±6.2)、(85.5±3.5)、(114.4±4.6)、(82.6±3.8)、(55.9±6.0)ng/L；C、D、F、G组血清中TGF－β(1)、VEGF、IL－6、IL－8浓度均显著低于A、B、E组(均P<0.05)，G组浓度均显著低于其他各组(均P<0.05)。42只家兔气管内均有不同程度的肉芽组织增生致气管狭窄。A～G组气管狭窄度分别为(53.3±4.4)%、(48.2±5.0)%、(24.3±4.4)%、(29.5±3.2)%、(47.8±6.5)%、(27.9±3.1)%、(15.6±2.0)%，C、D、F、G组狭窄度均显著轻于A、B、E组(均P<0.05)，G组狭窄度均显著轻于其他各组(均P<0.05)。 结论： 小剂量红霉素能有效抑制气管损伤后肉芽组织的增生，与其他抗菌素及糖皮质激素联合用药效果更佳。.
The central lymph node is the most common involvement for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which is correlated to recurrence and survival. But it is difficult to accurately evaluate lymph node prior to an operation. This retrospective study was designed to develop a risk model and risk stratification to preoperatively predict central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTC and validate this model.A series of 1,714 initial treatment PTC patients were enrolled. Among these patients, 1,001 patients were used to develop a predictive model and establish a stratification scoring system. This was validated through the remaining 713 patients.The multivariate analysis revealed that CLNM and lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in ultrasound (US), tumor size, gender, capsule invasion in US, microcalcification and age were significant independent predictors for CLNM. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.778. Furthermore, the cutoff value to predict CLNM was 8 points, and the sensitivity and specificity were 77% and 65%, respectively. In the scoring system for CLNM, a score of ≤8, 8-18 and >18 were defined as low, intermediate and high risk, respectively. The risk of CLNM was approximately 30%, 60% and 80%, corresponding to the stratification. When validated, the model predicted the risk of CLNM with an AUC of 0.811, a sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 63%, respectively.This study presented a predictive model to preoperatively assess the risk of CLNM in PTC. The predictive model performed well, but needed to be prospectively validated in external center.
Abstract BackgroundSpontaneous epidural hematoma (EDH) has been suggested associated with adjacent infective pathologies, dural vascular malformations, extradural metastasis, or coagulopathies. Cryptogenic spontaneous EDH is extremely rare. Case presentationWe reported a cryptogenic spontaneous EDH case in a young woman following sexual intercourse. She occurred consecutively EDH at three different sites within a short time. After three timely operations, a satisfactory outcome was achieved.ConclusionEDH should be investigated when a young patient develops headaches and signs of increased ICP after emotional hyperactivity or hyperventilation. If early diagnosis and surgical decompression can be carried out in time, the prognosis is satisfactory.
The control of Aspergillus niger (A. niger) is of great significance for the agricultural economy and food safety. In this study, the antifungal effect and mechanism of iturin A from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (CGMCC No. 8473) against A. niger (ATCC 16404) were investigated using biochemical analyses and proteomics. Changes in a mycelium treated with iturin A were observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, including mycelial twisting and collapse, organelle disintegration, and intracellular vacuolization. The cytomembrane integrity of A. niger was affected by iturin A, as detected by propidium iodide staining. In addition, the generation of excess reactive oxygen species, the hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and malondialdehyde accumulation also indicated that iturin A induced apoptosis in A. niger through the oxidative stress pathway. Proteomics results showed that 310 proteins were differentially expressed in the A. niger mycelium exposed to iturin A, including 159 upregulated proteins and 151 downregulated proteins, which were mainly associated with energy metabolism of A. niger. We propose that iturin A might inhibit the growth of A. niger by disrupting cytomembrane integrity, via oxidative stress, and by interfering with glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Overall, iturin A is a promising antifungal agent that provides a rationale for controlling A. niger contamination in food.
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