In order to monitor the loss of each equipment and overall system of flexible DC transmission system, An energy efficiency metering system of multi-terminal flexible DC transmission is developed in this paper. The system collects the data of dispatching master station and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, and calculates in real time through loss calculation model to realize the functions of real-time energy efficiency monitoring, energy efficiency statistics and economic operation analysis of whole system, converter stations, energy consumption equipment and cables under different operating conditions of the flexible DC transmission system. The system can serve as a reference for the construction of other energy efficiency measurement systems.
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of butorphanol on neural injury in an oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model using PC12 cells, and to investigate whether mitochondrial apoptosis was involved in these effects. To establish the OGD/R model, PC12 cells were cultured under hypoxia and low glucose conditions. Expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by detecting the levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species, lactate dehydrogenase activity and myeloperoxidase concentration. Apoptosis, protein expression and cell viability were determined by flow cytometry, western blotting and by using a Cell Counting Kit‑8, respectively. Compared with the control group, cell viability, expression of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress were all decreased in the OGD/R group. All the above changes could be mitigated by treatment with butorphanol. In addition, butorphanol treatment resulted in a significant upregulation of Bax, and downregulation of Bcl‑2, activated caspase‑3, caspase‑9 and poly ADP‑ribose polymerase, increased the expression of X‑linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and enhanced ATP activity. To conclude, these results suggested that the protective effects of butorphanol are associated with the inhibition of OGD/R‑induced inflammation and apoptosis injury, and may be partially associated with the inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis.
Generally, the failure distribution characteristics of different failure modes are different, and the stress types and degradation processes that induce their failures also differ. This paper proposes a method for predicting the life of electric energy meter based on Multi-stress influence Weibull distribution model. The stress types mainly include environmental stress and electrical stress. Using historical fault data of electric energy meter to establish Weibull distribution model of failure rate of each failure mode, and then for the main types of influence stress, establish a model between the influence stress and failure rate of each failure mode, and calculate the influence coefficient. The short-term life of the overall energy meter is obtained by adjusting the failure rate at the predicted stage of each failure mode. By verifying the field actual energy meter fault data, showing that the method can effectively predict the life of the energy meter, and provide technical support for energy meter status replacement, and fault early warning.
There is flexible impact during the driving of straight geneva mechanism.Therefore, geneva mechanism with combined contours is proposed.The design method of cam contour is adopted in new geneva mechanism (back seeking cam contours according to follower motion).And ADAMS is adopted to carry out the dynamics simulation of the improved geneva mechanism.The experimental result shows that new geneva mechanism reduces the flexible impact, which exists at the moment of round pin passing in and out of the geneva mechanism, and reduces the angular acceleration during the moving of geneva mechanism.
Based on the data of measurement of integrated production dispatching system(MDS), electric data acquire system and marketing system, this paper analyzes the field reliability data, failure mode, failure mechanism, external induced stress and their characteristics with time, and establishes the combined stress life prediction model of electric energy meter under different stress conditions. The life prediction model can predict the residual life, expose potential failures and provide technical support for the state replacement of the electric energy meter. In addition, it provides theoretical and data support for fast troubleshooting and failure priority handling.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)