Pedram Johari

Northeastern University

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On the photo-thermal effect of intra-body nano-optical communications on red blood cells

IEEE INFOCOM 2022 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS) (2018)

Shuanshuan Wu Pedram Johari Nicholas Mastronarde Josep Miquel Jornet

In the near future, it is envisioned that intra-body nanosensing systems will provide fast and accurate disease diagnosis and treatment. Recent work on intra-body communications has focused on understanding the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) signals in biological media; however, the photo-thermal effects of the EM waves on biological tissues are not as well understood, despite the risk of damaging the tissues. In this paper, we consider an intra-body nanosensing system where active nanoparticles (NPs) are injected into blood vessels. Using stochastic geometry, we analytically model the photo-thermal effect on red blood cells (RBCs) induced by EM waves of NP transmissions. Numerical results validate the proposed analytical model and provide insights into the safety of such systems.

10.1109/infcomw.2018.8406956

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Citations (4)

ColosSUMO: Evaluating Cooperative Driving Applications with Colosseum

Gabriele Gemmi Pedram Johari Paolo Casari Michele Polese Tommaso Melodia

10.1109/vnc61989.2024.10576000

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Citations (1)

Boston Twin

Paolo Testolina Michele Polese Pedram Johari Tommaso Melodia

Digital twins are now a staple of wireless networks design and evolution. Creating an accurate digital copy of a real system offers numerous opportunities to study and analyze its performance and issues. It also allows designing and testing new solutions in a risk-free environment, and applying them back to the real system after validation. A candidate technology that will heavily rely on digital twins for design and deployment is 6G, which promises robust and ubiquitous networks for eXtended Reality (XR) and immersive communications solutions. In this paper, we present BostonTwin, a dataset that merges a high-fidelity 3D model of the city of Boston, MA, with the existing geospatial data on cellular base stations deployments, in a ray-tracing-ready format. Thus, BostonTwin enables not only the instantaneous rendering and programmatic access to the building models, but it also allows for an accurate representation of the electromagnetic propagation environment in the real-world city of Boston. The level of detail and accuracy of this characterization is crucial to designing 6G networks that can support the strict requirements of sensitive and high-bandwidth applications, such as XR and immersive communication.

10.1145/3625468.3652190

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eSWORD: Implementation of Wireless Jamming Attacks in a Real-World Emulated Network

2022 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC) (2023)

Clifton Paul Robinson Leonardo Bonati Tara Van Nieuwstadt Teddy Reiss Pedram Johari

Jamming attacks have plagued wireless communication systems and will continue to do so going forward with technological advances. These attacks fall under the category of Electronic Warfare (EW), a continuously growing area in both attack and defense of the electromagnetic spectrum, with one subcategory being electronic attacks (EA). Jamming attacks fall under this specific subcategory of EW as they comprise adversarial signals that attempt to disrupt, deny, degrade, destroy, or deceive legitimate signals in the electromagnetic spectrum. While jamming is not going away, recent research advances have started to get the upper hand against these attacks by leveraging new methods and techniques, such as machine learning. However, testing such jamming solutions on a wide and realistic scale is a daunting task due to strict regulations on spectrum emissions. In this paper, we introduce eSWORD (emulation (of) Signal Warfare On Radio-frequency Devices), the first large-scale framework that allows users to safely conduct real-time and controlled jamming experiments with hardware-in-the-loop. This is done by integrating METEOR, an electronic warfare (EW) threat-emulating software developed by the MITRE Corporation, into the Colosseum wireless network emulator that enables large-scale experiments with up to 49 software-defined radio nodes. We compare the performance of eSWORD with that of real-world jamming systems by using an over-the-air wireless testbed (considering safe measures when conducting experiments). Our experimental results demonstrate that eSWORD achieves up to 98% accuracy in following throughput, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and link status patterns when compared to real-world jamming experiments, testifying to the high accuracy of the emulated eSWORD setup.

Testbed

Electronic warfare

Frequency-hopping spread spectrum

10.1109/wcnc55385.2023.10118687

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Citations (2)

Increasing the Communication Distance Between Nano-Biosensing Implants and Wearable Devices

Amit Sangwan Honey Pandey Pedram Johari Josep Miquel Jornet

Significant progress in the fields of electronics, photonics and wireless communications have enabled the development of compact wearable devices, with applications in diverse domains such as fitness, wellness and healthcare. In parallel, nanotechnology is facilitating the development of nano-biosensors, i.e., miniaturized sensors that can be implanted subcutaneously and measure various types of biological events at the nanoscale with unprecedented accuracy. The majority of nano-biosensing systems consist of an external optical excitation and measurement device that can induce and measure the response of implanted optical resonant nano-biosensors. However, the high path-loss of the human body at optical frequencies and the weak response of nano-biosensors would compromise the communication between the body-mounted optical excitation/measurement system and the intra-body implant. In this paper, mechanisms are proposed to overcome the high intra-body path-loss and enable wireless communications with deeper implants. More specifically, the combination of analog beam-forming with optical nano-antenna arrays together with light-guiding hydrogel implants is studied to overcome the spreading loss and to increase the intra-body wireless communication distance. The proposed scheme is analytically modeled and validated through simulations to benchmark its performances against the traditional methods.

10.1109/spawc.2018.8446015

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Citations (14)

Brain Organoids: Expanding Our Understanding of Human Development and Disease

Results and problems in cell differentiation (2018)

L. B. Chuye Alexander Dimitri A. Desai Christopher R Handelmann Yongho Bae

Organoid

Microcephaly

Brain Development

Human brain

10.1007/978-3-319-93485-3_8

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Citations (17)

Toward an ultrasonic Internet of medical things

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (2022)

Tommaso Melodia Raffaele Guida Enrico Santagati Emrecan Demirors Daniel Uvaydov

Wireless networked systems of “smart” miniaturized and electronically controlled implantable or wearable medical sensors and actuators will be the basis of many innovative and potentially revolutionary therapies and applications. The main obstacle in realizing this vision of smart networked implants is posed by the dielectric nature of the human body, which strongly attenuates radio-frequency electromagnetic waves used in traditional wireless technologies such as Bluetooth or WiFi. This talk will give an overview of our work exploring a radically different approach, i.e., establishing wireless networked systems in human tissues that transfer data and energy through acoustic waves at ultrasonic frequencies. We will start off by discussing applications of networked implantable medical systems.We will then analyze fundamental aspects of ultrasonic propagation in human tissues and their impact on the design of wireless networking protocols at different layers of the networking protocol stack. We will then review our work on designing and prototyping ultrasonically rechargeable and connected Internet-of-Things platforms through a closed-loop combination of mathematical modeling, simulation, and experimental evaluation.

Protocol stack

10.1121/10.0011202

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Citations (0)

Nanoscale Optical Wireless Channel Model for Intra-Body Communications: Geometrical, Time, and Frequency Domain Analyses

IEEE Transactions on Communications (2017)

Pedram Johari Josep Miquel Jornet

In vivo wireless nanosensor networks (iWNSNs) consist of communicating miniature devices with unprecedented sensing and actuation capabilities, which are able to operate inside the human body. iWNSNs are the basis of emerging healthcare applications, such as intrabody health-monitoring and control of biological processes at subcellular level. Major progress in the field of nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, and wireless communication is enabling the interconnection of the nanodevices in iWNSNs. In this paper, the effect of single biological cells and cell assemblies on the propagation of optical wave for intrabody communications of nanosensors is analytically investigated in three distinct ways, namely, geometrical, time-domain, and frequency-domain analyses. The analytical channel model is validated by means of full wave electromagnetic simulations through a case study for red blood cells (RBCs) inside the blood plasma. The results show that RBCs perform as optical microlenses that confine the radiated light on a focal area, which agrees with recent experimental achievements. It is also shown that changes in shape and size of the cells slightly alter the channel impulse response. This study motivates the development of new communication solutions for intrabody nanoscale optical communication networks and new nanobiosensing strategies able to identify diseases which cause cell shape alterations.

Nanosensor

Nanophotonics

Nanoelectronics

Molecular Communication

10.1109/tcomm.2017.2787703

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Citations (47)

Interconnecting wearable devices with nano-biosensing implants through optical wireless communications

Pedram Johari Josep Miquel Jornet Honey Pandey

Major advancements in the fields of electronics, photonics and wireless communication have enabled the development of compact wearable devices, with applications in diverse domains such as fitness, wellness and medicine. In parallel, nanotechnology is enabling the development of miniature sensors that can detect events at the nanoscale with unprecedented accuracy. On this matter, in vivo implantable Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) nanosensors have been proposed to analyze circulating biomarkers in body fluids for the early diagnosis of a myriad of diseases, ranging from cardiovascular disorders to different types of cancer. In light of these results, in this paper, an architecture is proposed to bridge the gap between these two apparently disjoint paradigms, namely, the commercial wearable devices and the advanced nano-biosensing technologies. More specifically, this paper thoroughly assesses the feasibility of the wireless optical intercommunications of an SPR-based nanoplasmonic biochip -implanted subcutaneously in the wrist-, with a nanophotonic wearable smart band which is integrated by an array of nano-lasers and photon-detectors for distributed excitation and measurement of the nanoplasmonic biochip. This is done through a link budget analysis which captures the peculiarities of the intra-body optical channel at (sub) cellular level, the strength of the SPR nanosensor reflection, as well as the capabilities of the nanolasers (emission power, spectrum) and the nano photon-detectors (sensitivity and noise equivalent power). The proposed analysis guides the development of practical communication designs between the wearable devices and nano-biosensing implants, which paves the way through early-stage diagnosis of severe diseases.

Nanosensor

Biophotonics

Biochip

Nanophotonics

10.1117/12.2288779

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Citations (6)

Open6G OTIC: A Blueprint for Programmable O-RAN and 3GPP Testing Infrastructure

arXiv (Cornell University) (2024)

Gabriele Gemmi Michele Polese Pedram Johari Stefano Maxenti Michael Seltser

Softwarized and programmable Radio Access Networks (RANs) come with virtualized and disaggregated components, increasing the supply chain robustness and the flexibility and dynamism of the network deployments. This is a key tenet of Open RAN, with open interfaces across disaggregated components specified by the O-RAN ALLIANCE. It is mandatory, however, to validate that all components are compliant with the specifications and can successfully interoperate, without performance gaps with traditional, monolithic appliances. Open Testing & Integration Centers (OTICs) are entities that can verify such interoperability and adherence to the standard through rigorous testing. However, how to design, instrument, and deploy an OTIC which can offer testing for multiple tenants, heterogeneous devices, and is ready to support automated testing is still an open challenge. In this paper, we introduce a blueprint for a programmable OTIC testing infrastructure, based on the design and deployment of the Open6G OTIC at Northeastern University, Boston, and provide insights on technical challenges and solutions for O-RAN testing at scale.

Blueprint

Ran

10.48550/arxiv.2409.02237

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