Lactobacillus casei ( L. casei ), a normal resident of the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, has been extensively studied over the past few decades for its probiotic properties in clinical and animal models. Some studies have shown that some bacterium of Lactobacillus stimulate the production of antimicrobial peptides in intestinal cells to clear enteric pathogens, however, which antimicrobial peptides are produced by L. casei stimulation and its function are still not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the changes of antimicrobial peptides’ expression after intragastric administration of L. casei to mice. The bioinformatics analysis revealed there were nine genes strongly associated with up-regulated DEGs. But, of these, only the antimicrobial peptide m Reg3a gene was continuously up-regulated, which was also confirmed by qRT-PCR. We found out the m Reg3a expressed in engineering E.coli promoted cell proliferation and wound healing proved by CCK-8 assay and wound healing assay. Moreover, the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and E-cadherin in m Reg3a treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group under the final concentration of 0.2 mg/ml both in Porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and Mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) ( p < 0.05). Surprisingly, the recombinant m Reg3a not only inhibited Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), but also reduced the copy number of the piglet diarrheal viruses, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and porcine rotavirus (PoRV), indicating the antimicrobial peptides m Reg3a may be feed additives to resist the potential of the intestinal bacterial and viral diarrhea disease.
Gene sequence analysis of nitrite reductases was performed on continuous cropping and rotational cropping soils of soybean to assess their incidence in different bacterial taxa and their taxonomical value.NirS gene fragments could be amplified from both soils.A total of 268 nirS clones were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis and obtained 29 and 34 distinct nirS clones in continuous cropping and rotational cropping soils respectively.A dominant nirS pattern,a single dominant nirS restriction pattern of rotational cropping,was observed in both samples.Beside above pattern,another two dominant patterns were also detected in continuous cropping soil.Many of the sequences belonged to dominant pattern were not closely related to previously observed genes and some phylogenetically related sequences were obtained from similar samples.The results indicated that the continuous cropping and rotational cropping soils contained novel nirS sequences,functional diversity of nirS genes changed in the two type soils.
Owing to the characteristics of easier access in vitro, low immunogenicity, and high plasticity, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are considered as a promising cell-based drugs for clinical application. No internationally recognized technology exists to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and distribution of cell-based drugs in vivo.
An insulin-like growth factors-Ⅰ gene(IGFⅠ) from geese was cloned and its expression dynamics in tissues was examined by semi-quantitive RT-PCR using β-actin as an internal standard. The sequence similarities in IGF-Ⅰgene between goose and chicken,and goose and duck were 97.6% and 99.3%,respectively.The expression of IGF-Ⅰin liver was more abundant on days 30 and 60 than on the other investigated days,and the expression of IGFⅠmRNA reached the highest on day 30.A positive correlation was established between expression of IGF-Ⅰ mRNA and weight gain.The IGF-Ⅰ mRNA was expressed in liver,ovary,breast,lung,spleen,leg muscle,pituitary,stomach,kidney and heart,and higher abundance of IGF-Ⅰ mRNA was found in liver,ovary,breast and lung.
Concerning the existing problem in the reducing hours of botany course,concrete measures for improving teaching effect were profitably explored,teaching reform ideas which organic combining multimedia theoretic teaching,laboratory experiment and practicing in the open fields were put forward.
In spite of the techniques based on the amplification of 16S rRNA genes (16S rDNA) to compare bacterial communities that are now widely in use in microbial ecology, little is known about the composition of the soybean continuous cropping (CC) and rotational cropping (RC) soil microbial community. To address this, we compared the levels of bacterial community diversity in RC and 5-year CC rhizosphere soil samples. We selected 407 clones in RC and 490 clones in CC for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A total of 123 phylotypes were identified among the 16S rDNA clones, while 78 unique and 21 common phylotypes were identified among the CC soil isolates. Analysis of sequences from a subset of the phylotypes showed that at least 11 bacterial divisions were represented in the clone libraries. The phylotype richness, frequency distribution (evenness), and composition of the two clone libraries were investigated using a variety of diversity indices. Although the analysis of diversity indices and LIBSHUFF comparisons revealed that the compared libraries were not significantly different (P=0.05) between the RC vs. CC soils, some differences could be observed in terms of specific phyla and groups. We concluded that the group variance was not determined immediately by the cropping system's induction, but was a long-term and slow process.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are shown to alleviate renal injury of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. However, the underlying mechanism of this beneficial effect is not fully understood. The aims of this study are to evaluate effects of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) on renal cell apoptosis in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats and explore the underlying mechanisms. Characteristics of UC-MSCs were identified by flow cytometry and differentiation capability. Six weeks after DN induction by STZ injection in Sprague-Dawley rats, the DN rats received UC-MSCs once a week for consecutive two weeks. DN-related physical and biochemical parameters were measured at 2 weeks after UC-MSC infusion. Renal histological changes were also assessed. Moreover, the apoptosis of renal cells and expression of apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated. Compared with DN rats, rats treated with UC-MSCs showed suppressed increase in 24-hour urinary total protein, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen. UC-MSC treatment ameliorated pathological abnormalities in the kidney of DN rats as evidenced by H&E, PAS, and Masson Trichrome staining. Furthermore, UC-MSC treatment reduced apoptosis of renal cells in DN rats. UC-MSCs promoted expression of antiapoptosis protein Bcl-xl and suppressed expression of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in the kidney of DN rats. Most importantly, UC-MSCs suppressed upregulation of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), downregulation of thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), and activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and P38 MAPK in the kidney of DN rats. Our results suggest that UC-MSCs could alleviate nephrocyte injury and albuminuria of DN rats through their antiapoptotic property. The protective effects of UC-MSCs may be mediated by inhibiting TXNIP upregulation in part.
[Objective] The aim was to study the pathogenic ability and biocontrol effect of different pathogens to potato plants.[Method] The pathogenic ability of Rhizoctonia solani soybean and Rhizoctonia solani rice to potato plants were studied by using living body vaccination bacteria method,and then the effects of biological control bacteria to disease were also investigated by spraying bio-control bacteria to disease.[Result] Rhizoctonia solani soybean had stronger pathogenic ability to potato plant than Rhizoctonia solani rice,among them the disease indexes of Rhizoctonia solani rice to leaf and stem of potato were only 25% and 50%,respectively.Bacteria had certain control effect to Rhizoctonia solani soybean,and the inhibitory rate reached 88%.Meanwhile the mixed bacteria and actinomycete had obvious bio-control effect to Rhizoctonia solani soybean,and the inhibitory rate reached 90%.[Conclusion] The research provides theoretical basis for the cultivation of potato and the control of Phyllachora graminis.
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