Rabbit syndrome is characterized by rapid, fine, rhythmic movements of the perioral muscles along a vertical axis, mimicking the chewing actions of a rabbit. The present case demonstrates the possible usefulness of quetiapine as a mono-drug treatment strategy for dealing with rabbit syndrome and simultaneously treating psychotic symptoms.
Objective. To investigate a possible association between enuresis in childhood and premature ejaculation in adult life. Methods. The authors conducted a retrospective study, with two cohorts, consisting of 60 men with premature ejaculation, and 60 comparison subjects who were asked to assess their enuresis in childhood, a history of psychological problems. Results. While 20 (33.3%) subjects with premature ejaculation reported a history of enuresis in childhood, only seven (11.6%) subjects without premature ejaculation had this problem in childhood. Enuresis in childhood was significantly more common in men with a premature ejaculation than controls. While 35 (58.3%) patients with premature ejaculation reported a history of psychological problems, only four (6.6%) controls reported this kind of problems. There was a significant difference between these groups regarding psychological problems. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that the history of enuresis in childhood seems to increase the risk of having premature ejaculation and psychological problems in adult life. These results lead to a premise that these disorders may share a common etiology and/or neurological pathophysiology.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of antipsychotics on bone mineral density in bipolar disorder. A total of 44 premenopausal female patients receiving antipsychotic medication for at least 1 year and 43 healthy premenopausal female volunteers were included in the present study. Clinical evaluation was performed via Hamilton Depression Scale and Clinical Global Impression Scale, bone metabolism via serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathormone, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), vitamin D and prolactin, while bone mineral density via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone mineral density scores were determined to be significantly lower, while prolactin, parathormone and ALP levels were significantly higher in the patient group. Comparison of patient group in itself based on patients under atypical antipsychotic vs. atypical antipsychotic + mood stabilizer treatment revealed no significant difference between groups in terms of clinical and biochemical parameters. In conclusion, contrary to what many studies suggest, our findings revealed that atypical antipsychotics offered no advantages over other medications in the development of secondary osteoporosis in patients with bipolar disorder. There was no significant difference between patients receiving atypical antipsychotics and other mood stabilizers in terms of osteoporosis incidence.
Abstract Our aim is to reveal the interaction of cultural and religious influences with professional equipment by determining the level of knowledge, sexual attitudes, and homophobia of medical students about LGBTI+ individuals. The study included 324 students from our faculty of medicine. The Hudson and Ricketts Homophobia scale, the Attitudes Towards Lesbians and Gay Men scale, and the Hendrick Sexual Attitudes scale were used with the sociodemograpic data form. Data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. The mean score of the students from the Hudson and Ricketts Homophobia scale was 58.50. The findings of our study support that medical students consider that the education they receive in this regard is inadequate. One of the goals of undergraduate medical education is the provision of health services to all segments of society; therefore, it is recommended to make improvements in the curriculum in this regard.
Abstract Purpose The number of studies conducted on the role of neuroinflammation in the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder has been increasing in recent years. The role of Galectin‐1, Galectin‐9, and YKL‐40, which are considered to play roles in neuroinflammation and the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder, and the relationship of these parameters with cognitive functions were investigated in the present study. Method Serum Galectin‐1, Galectin‐9, and YKL‐40 levels were measured with the ELISA Method in 64 bipolar euthymic patients and 64 healthy controls. The Stroop and trail‐making tests were administered to assess cognitive functions in all participants. Results Serum Galectin‐1, Galectin‐9, and YKL‐40 levels were statistically and significantly lower in the patient group when compared to the healthy control group. The scores of the Stroop test and trail‐making tests were statistically higher in the patient group than in the healthy control group. There was a weak and positive correlation between serum Galectin‐1, Galectin‐9, and YKL‐40 levels and cognitive performance in all participants. Discussion and conclusion Statistically significant low levels of serum Galectin‐1, Galectin‐9, and YKL‐40 detected in the patient group suggest that these parameters have important roles in neuroinflammation. The statistically higher Stroop and trail‐making test scores of the patient group compared to the control group indicates that the cognitive performance of the patient group was weaker. Also, the positive correlation between Galectin‐1, Galectin‐9, and YKL‐40 levels and cognitive performance suggests that these molecules may have a neuroprotective role. We think that the present study will contribute to this field where there is very limited data in the literature.
Objective:
ECT is still an important treatment modality in contemporary psychiatry. Despite the evidence regarding its efficacy and safety, patients are hesitant about ECT, which is sometimes stigmatized due to disinformation. Today, YouTube, an online media platform, is mostly used as a medical information source. This study investigated the quality and reliability of electroconvulsive therapy videos available on YouTube.
Methods:
A video search on YouTube (http://www.youtube.com) was conducted on 20 October 2020, using the keywords electroconvulsive therapy schizophrenia, electroconvulsive therapy depression, and electroconvulsive therapy psychiatric disorders in this descriptive study. After applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 79 videos were included in this study. The Global Quality Scale (GQS) was used to assess educational quality and the modified DISCERN tool was used to assess reliability. Video parameters (the numbers of views, likes, dislikes, and comments for per day) were compared among the low/medium/high quality groups.
Results:
45.2% (n: 42) of the videos were of low quality, 25.8% (n: 24) were of medium quality and 14% (n: 13) were of high quality. High-quality videos were 38.5% from psychiatrists, 23.1% from academic resources, 23.1% from health-related websites. Modified DISCERN scores were higher in the high quality video group (p
Non-adherence to treatment and hospital admissions are the common problems in severe mental disorders. To determine the contribution of community mental health center (CMHC) services to increased hospitalization rates of patients previously diagnosed with severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders and bipolar disorders. 356 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders in accordance with the DSM–5 criteria and treated in the CMHC on the south coast of Turkey were included in this retrospective study.The hospitalization records of the patients were examined over three different periods. First and second period: two divided years which patients had not yet received CMHC services before registration. Third period: one-year, during which patients using CMHC services. A total of 356 patients were included in the study. SPSS 22.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, United States) software was used in the analysis of variables. Normal distribution of data was assessed with the Shapiro–Wilk test. The diagnosis of the participants in the study were 157 (44%) schizophrenia, 35 (9.8%) schizoaffective disorder, 102 (28.7%) bipolar disorder and 62 (17.4%) unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. As a result of the hospitalization rates, there was a significant difference between three periods. The median number of hospitalization days during the first episod was calculated as 1.0 (mean 13.9), the second period 0.7 (mean 18.59) and third period 0.6 (mean 5.83), respectively.The rate of hospitalization was 32.9% in the first period, 42.4% in the second period and 12.9% in the third period. This study provides the new evidence regarding the ability of primary services offered in the community mental health centers.
