Paulina Cholewińska

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

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Katarzyna Czyż

Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

Konrad Wojnarowski

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Anna Wyrostek

Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

Natalia Szeligowska

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Marta Michalak

Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

Jakub Smoliński

Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

R. Bodkowski

Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

Dušan Palić

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Wanda Górniak

Wrocław University of Science and Technology

Marzena Janczak

Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences

Instytut Środowiska Rolniczego i Leśnego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

University of Wrocław

Wroclaw Medical University

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

University of Life Sciences in Lublin

Warsaw University of Life Sciences

Maejo University

University of Agriculture in Krakow

Wrocław University of Science and Technology

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The Interactions between Some Free-Ranging Animals and Agriculture—A Review

Agriculture (2022)

Aleksandra Kuka Katarzyna Czyż Jakub Smoliński Paulina Cholewińska Anna Wyrostek

When humans began interfering with the environment to produce food, some free-ranging animal species adapted to live on typical farmland, sometimes choosing it as their main habitat. They use it on the basis of symbiosis or as a pest. The animals affect farms in different ways, and the same concerns farms affecting animals. There are negative, from a human perspective, as well as positive aspects of this interaction. The aim of this study was to review and propose the solutions to reconcile these two factors, agriculture and wildlife, using Poland as an example. Two major problems were observed: the negative impact of agriculture on the occurrence or abundance of certain species, and wildlife damage caused mainly by wild boars (Sus scrofa) and Cervidae. The most important issue for agricultural economy is the strict control and limitation of the wild boar population, while the farmer’s approach to cultivation and the environment are important for the wildlife. For years, man has been undertaking various activities using and subordinating elements of the environment, and each even small interference in the system that creates a harmony will have far-reaching consequences.

Wild boar

Harmony (Music)

10.3390/agriculture12050628

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Citations (3)

Review on Selected Aggression Causes and the Role of Neurocognitive Science in the Diagnosis

Animals (2022)

Aleksandra Kleszcz Paulina Cholewińska Greta Front Jakub Pacoń R. Bodkowski

Aggression as a behavior is not always desirable, often ends in abandonment and/or euthanasia. However, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of unwanted aggression in domestic dogs. Aggression is not a fully understood phenomenon. In recent years, many studies have focused on the influence of diet and physiology (including the endocrine system) on the emergence of behavioral disorders. In particular, the emphasis was put on nutritional additives such as fatty acids, amino acids, and probiotics. In addition, the possibility of using neurocognition in the observation of abnormal behavior in dogs has also been discussed, which may allow for a more detailed determination of the basis of aggressive behavior in dogs. In this review, the concepts related to aggression and its potential causes have been gathered. In addition, the possible influence of diet and hormones on aggression in dogs has been discussed, as well as the application of neurocognition in the possibility of its diagnosis.

Neurocognitive

Abandonment (legal)

10.3390/ani12030281

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Citations (13)

Toxicity of Low-Level Multiple-Mycotoxin Mixture in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Is Prevented with Organically Modified Clinoptilolite Feed Additive

Fishes (2024)

Wedad R. Hussein Konrad Wojnarowski Paulina Cholewińska Worrayanee Thammatorn Natalia Szeligowska

Organically modified clinoptilolite (member of the zeolite family of minerals; MinazelPlus®) feed additive, with an average weight of 30 ± 2 g, was used to prevent mycotoxicosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through its supplementation for 42 days to the diet contaminated with multiple mycotoxins: aflatoxin B1 (40 µg/kg), fumonisin B1 and B2 (600 µg/kg), zearalenone (50 µg/kg), and deoxynivalenol (150 µg/kg). The fish were divided randomly into four experimental groups (basal diet control—C; fed 2 g/kg MinazelPlus®—MZ; fed multiple mycotoxins—MT; and fed a combination of MinazelPlus® and multiple mycotoxins—MZ + MT). Each group consisted of triplicate aquarium setups, with six fish in each replicate. Sampling was performed in weeks 2, 4, and 6. The lymphocyte count was significantly higher in the MZ group compared with the MT group and the MT + MZ group in week 6. An overall decrease in the neutrophil count was observed in the experimental groups. Histopathological analysis was performed in weeks 2 and 6, revealing significant changes in the liver, intestines, kidney, and spleen of fish from the MT group, while the MT + MZ and MZ groups were similar to the control. The addition of 2 g/kg MinazelPlus® has the ability to prevent and reduce the adverse effects of chronic exposure to low concentrations of multiple mycotoxins in juvenile Nile tilapia.

Nile tilapia

Clinoptilolite

10.3390/fishes9110449

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Dietary Omega-3 Source Effect on the Fatty Acid Profile of Intramuscular and Perimuscular Fat—Preliminary Study on a Rat Model

Nutrients (2020)

Katarzyna Czyż Ewa Sokoła-Wysoczańska R. Bodkowski Paulina Cholewińska Anna Wyrostek

Fatty acids from the omega-3 family are an important element of both human and animal diets. Their activity involves a range of functions for the functioning of a whole organism, and their presence in animal diets can be considered as a means for animal origin product enrichment for human benefit or as compounds profitable for an animal’s health status. The aim of this preliminary study was to compare the effect of supplements rich in omega-3 fatty acids (linseed oil, linseed oil ethyl esters, and fish oil) in rat feed on the fatty acid profile of their intramuscular and perimuscular fat. The results demonstrated beneficial changes in fatty acid profiles (a decrease in saturated acids, an increase in unsaturated ones, i.e., omega-3 acids share) of examined tissues in the case of all supplements however, particular attention should be paid to linseed oil ethyl esters, which significantly increased the content of all omega-3 acids. Supplementation of animal diet with linseed oil ethyl esters may be beneficial for both animals, as omega-3 fatty acids exhibit profitable properties related to an animal’s health status and productivity, and humans who consume such enriched products.

Ethyl ester

Intramuscular fat

Animal fat

alpha-Linolenic acid

10.3390/nu12113382

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Citations (8)

Genomic Analysis of Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. salmonicida Isolates Collected During Multiple Clinical Outbreaks Supports Association with a Single Epidemiological Unit

Pathogens (2024)

Konrad Wojnarowski Paulina Cholewińska Philipp Steinbauer Tobias Lautwein Waleed M. Hussein

Outbreaks of furunculosis cause significant losses in salmonid aquaculture worldwide. With a recent rise in antimicrobial resistance, regulatory measures to minimize the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, including aquaculture, have increased scrutiny and availability of veterinary medical products to control this disease in production facilities. In such a regulatory environment, the utility of autogenous vaccines to assist with disease prevention and control as a veterinary-guided prophylactic measure is of high interest to the producers and veterinary services alike. However, evolving concepts of epidemiological units and epidemiological links need to be considered during approval and acceptance procedures for the application of autogenous vaccines in multiple aquaculture facilities. Here, we present the results of solid-state nanopore sequencing (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, ONT) performed on 54 isolates of Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. salmonicida sampled during clinical outbreaks of furunculosis in different aquaculture facilities from Bavaria, Germany, from 2017 to 2020. All of the performed analyses (phylogeny, single nucleotide polymorphism and 3D protein modeling for major immunogenic proteins) support a high probability that all studied isolates belong to the same epidemiological unit. Simultaneously, we describe a cost/effective method of whole genome analysis with the usage of ONT as a viable strategy to study outbreaks of other pathogens in the field of aquatic veterinary medicine for the purpose of developing the best autogenous vaccine candidates applicable to multiple aquaculture establishments.

Aeromonas salmonicida

10.3390/pathogens13100908

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Selected Alternative Feed Additives Used to Manipulate the Rumen Microbiome

Animals (2021)

Marta Michalak Konrad Wojnarowski Paulina Cholewińska Natalia Szeligowska Marcel Bawej

In recent years, a boost in the ruminant population has been observed, and consequently, an increase in the animals’ demand for nutrients and methane emissions. Methane emission is generated during the microbial fermentation of feed in the rumen, and a percentage even up to 12% of the energy obtained by this process can be wasted. In addition, the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry is being increasingly restricted. restricted. As a result, there is a continuous search for innovative feed additives that can serve as alternatives to antibiotics, and will also be safe for both people and the environment. In the present review article, additives were selected on basis that, according to studies conducted so far, may positively affect the microbiome of the digestive system by improving indicators and/or reducing methane production. Among them, probiotics, prebiotics or their combination—synbiotics are at the forefront of research. However, additives in the form of algae or plant origin are also gaining ground in popularity, such as essential oils, fermented wheat straw or Gelidium amansii, due to their general recognition as safe (GRAS) for both humans and environment.

Synbiotics

Animal Husbandry

Animal Feed

10.3390/ani11061542

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Citations (30)

Znaczenie hodowli zwierząt futerkowych w Polsce

Wiadomości Zootechniczne (2018)

Marta Michalak Paulina Cholewińska

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Estrogen Receptors Mediated Negative Effects of Estrogens and Xenoestrogens in Teleost Fishes—Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2022)

Konrad Wojnarowski Paulina Cholewińska Dušan Palić Małgorzata Bednarska Magdalena Jarosz‐Biej

Estrogen receptors (ERs) play a key role in many biochemical and physiological processes, that are involved in maintaining organism homeostasis. At the most basic level, they can be divided into nuclear estrogen receptors and membrane estrogen receptors that imply their effect in two ways: slower genomic, and faster non-genomic. In these ways, estrogens and xenoestrogens can negatively affect animal health and welfare. Most of the available literature focuses on human and mammalian physiology, and clearly, we can observe a need for further research focusing on complex mutual interactions between different estrogens and xenoestrogens in aquatic animals, primarily fishes. Understanding the mechanisms of action of estrogenic compounds on the ERs in fishes and their negative consequences, may improve efforts in environmental protection of these animals and their environment and benefit society in return. In this review, we have summarized the ER-mediated effects of xenoestrogens and estrogens on teleost fishes metabolism, their carcinogenic potential, immune, circulatory, and reproductive systems.

GPER

Xenoestrogen

10.3390/ijms23052605

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Citations (23)

The Effect of CLA-Rich Isomerized Poppy Seed Oil on the Fat Level and Fatty Acid Profile of Cow and Sheep Milk

Animals (2020)

R. Bodkowski Katarzyna Czyż Anna Wyrostek Paulina Cholewińska Ewa Sokoła-Wysoczańska

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of isomerized poppy seed oil (IPO) enriched with conjugated dienes of linoleic acid (CLA) on cow and sheep milk parameters (fat content, fatty acid profile, Δ9-desaturase index, and atherogenic index). The process of poppy seed oil alkaline isomerization caused the formation of CLA isomers with cis-9,trans-11, trans-10,cis-12, and cis-11,trans-13 configurations in the amounts of 31.2%, 27.6%, and 4.1% of total fatty acids (FAs), respectively. Animal experiments were conducted on 16 Polish Holstein Friesian cows (control (CTRL) and experimental (EXP), n = 8/group) and 20 East Friesian Sheep (CTRL and EXP, n = 10/group). For four weeks, animals from EXP groups received the addition of IPO in the amount of 1% of dry matter. Milk was collected three times: on days 7, 14, and 30. Diet supplementation with IPO decrease milk fat content (p < 0.01). Milk fat from EXP groups had higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including FAs with beneficial biological properties, that is, CLA and TVA (p < 0.01), and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, particularly short- (p < 0.01) and medium-chain FAs (p < 0.05). The addition of IPO led to a decrease in the atherogenic index.

Poppy

10.3390/ani10050912

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Citations (8)

Effect of Intense Exercise on the Level of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes Phyla in the Digestive System of Thoroughbred Racehorses

Animals (2021)

Wanda Górniak Paulina Cholewińska Natalia Szeligowska Magdalena Wołoszyńska Maria Soroko

Exercise significantly affects the body of both animals and humans, including the composition of the digestive microbiome. This study aimed to determine the changes in the composition of the most numerous bacterial phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as the level of the Lactobacillaceae family) in the digestive system of horses under the influence of physical effort. The study included a group of 17 Thoroughbred racehorses at the age of 3 years, fed the same forage, from whom feces samples were collected individually before and 48 h after physical effort. The obtained samples were subjected to DNA isolation and RT-PCR analysis. The results showed a significant increase in the level of both phyla after exercise compared to the state before physical effort; there were no such differences in the level of facultative aerobes, i.e., the Lactobacillaceae family (although a decreasing tendency was found after exercise). In addition, the analysis of the level of the studied phyla indicates individual differences in horses’ response to the effort.

10.3390/ani11020290

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Citations (8)