Background: Fractures around the hip not only are very prevalent, but need more attention also, since the enhanced average life expectancy, the resultant elderly-osteoporotic-population pool has expanded, present orthopaedic surgeons are aflood with such cases[1–4]. The intertrochanteric fractures comprise 50% of the fractures around the hip[5]. Intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly are associated with high rates of mortality, ranging from 15 to 20%, as they are at a high risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), urinary tract infections, and pulmonary embolism when they fail to mobilize or ambulate early[6]. Early mobilization is only possible when stable fixation is achieved with less post-operative pain and when patients become haemo-dynamically stable.
Aims & Objective:
1. Even though minimally invasive DHS surgery is popular since last decade, still we intended to develop a truly minimally invasive technique without the need of any special instrumentation.
2. To confirm whether the proposed minimum incision allows sound fixation, without damaging the corners of the skin incision.
Materials & Methods: This is a prospective study done over a period of 2 years at the Department of Orthopaedics at a Tertiary Care Centre. Patients presenting to the Department of Orthopaedics, Index Medical College with intertrochanteric fractures were evaluated and analysed to be included in the study. 54 patients, who presented with an intertrochanteric femur fracture and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study Generally, for an AO 31 A1.1 and an A1.2 fracture, a two hole DHS plate is enough(14), but when we are not sure of the quality of implants or sound purchase of the screws in cortex, we use four hole standard barrel side 135 degrees plate. It is inserted first beneath the muscle inside-surface-out, grasping the barrel then slid along the shaft and then again turned inside-surface-inside, manually.
Results:
1.
Aims: This randomized double blind study was carried out to investigate effect of intrathecal fentanyl on incidence and severity of intraoperative shivering on patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anesthesia.
Method: 120 patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anesthesia were assessed in a randomized fashion. They were divided in to two groups. Each subject received 3.5 ml 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine plus 25 µg fentanyl (Group F) or 4 ml 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (Group C). The incidence and severity of shivering along with side effects after addition of fentanyl were observed.
Results: The incidence of shivering after spinal anesthesia was 9 of 60 patients, 15% in group F and 24 of 60 patients; in 40% in group C. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.5). Only 2 patients of fentanyl group having moderate shivering while 16 patients of control group having moderate shivering. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.5). There was no difference in the incidence of side effects between two groups.
Conclusion: The addition of 25 µg fentanyl in 3.5 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine Intrathecally can reduce the incidence and severity of shivering after spinal anesthesia with increasing other side effects.
Brucellosis is one of the most serious diseases in developing countries. For epidemiological study a total of 200 lactating cows were screened for brucellosis from private dairy farms of Satna and Jabalpur. The information pertaining to age, parity, history of abortion and vaccination status of individual cow was recorded. For screening of brucellosis, milk and sera samples were collected and tested by MRT, RBPT and STAT. The overall occurrence of the brucellosis in cow was recorded as 13.50% by MRT, 18.00% by RBPT and 26.00% by STAT. Higher occurrence of brucellosis was found in crossbred cows 18.18% by MRT, 22.72% by RBPT and 34.09% by STAT, in comparison to indigenous cows i.e. 4.41% by MRT, 8.82% by RBPT and 10.29% by STAT. Age wise highest occurrence recorded in cows above 6 years of age while no seropositivity was observed in cows up to 2 years of age.
Determination of sex using various parameters of hip bone - IJCAP- Print ISSN No: - 2394-2118 Online ISSN No:- 2394-2126 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/2394-2126.2019.0003, Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology-Indian J Clin Anat Physiol
In goat farming, buck fertility is important because most farms typically retain one buck for every few dams. Follicle stimulating hormone is essential for regulating fertility and varies in its beta subunit (FSHβ), which provides specificity. To explore the possibilities of using FSHβ gene as candidate marker, this study was aimed to investigate polymorphism at FSHβ gene by PCR-RFLP assay and association of polymorphic variants of FSHβ with body weights, scrotal and seminal attributes in indigenous goats. The amplicons of 313 bp was obtained for FSHβ gene from the DNA of 35 Barbari, 26 Black Bengal, and 31 Sirohi bucks, respectively. FSHβ was found to be monomorphic in all three breeds using PCR-RFLP analysis. Using PstI and HinfI restriction enzymes, respectively, it revealed a single type of uncut banding pattern of 313 bp and single fragment of 157 bp. Sequence analysis also confirmed absence of PstI recognition site, revealing an A>G substitution at nucleotide position 4531. Frequency of AA genotype and A allele was found to be maximum. All traits, with the exception of mass motility, showed a significant breed effect. Based on the findings, it was concluded that targeted region of FSHβ gene was fixed goat population under investigation.
Background: Reproductive pattern of dog is quite different from other mammalian species. A major difference between canine and other mammalian species is that in dog oestrus period is followed by long inter-oestrus interval (period of sexual quiescence), described as monocyclic animal. There are several reproductive problems encountered by the dog breeders and pet owners causing prolonged whelping interval. Anoestrus is thought to be one of the undiagnosed ovarian disorders responsible for prolonged oestrus interval in canine. Anoestrus of variable duration (2 to 10 months) following each oestrus cycle in female dogs is frequently observed. The approaches for the management of reproductive problems due to ovarian disorders encountered by the dog breeders and pet owners needs to be explored to optimize whelping interval. Hence, the current study aimed to study the Induction of oestrus and fertility response using bromocriptine, cabergoline and eCG plus hCG treatment protocols in female dogs.Methods: The study was conducted in 28 apparently healthy female dogs at TVCC college of veterinary science and Animal Husbandry Jabalpur and at door step of pet owners or dog breeders during the period of 2018-19. Dogs used in the study were divided into small, medium and large breeds. Pomeranian and Pug breeds included under small breeds; German shepherd, Labrador, Siberian husky, Dalmatian, ND and Doberman under medium breeds whereas Great dane, Rottweiler, Bullmastiff and Saint Bernard included under large breeds. The animals were selected irrespective of breeds with the history of anoestrus up to two month or more after whelping. The selection of anoestrus dog was made based on the ratio of cells in vaginal cytology and serum progesterone estimation.Result: Our results shows that the oestrus and fertility response following hormonal treatments in anestrous female dogs was significantly (p less than 0.01) higher than the oestrus induction in all treatment groups (71.48% in Group-I, 85.70% in Group-II and 71.48% in Group-III) as compared to control (14.28%).The breeding was recorded in 83.33% of dogs in cabergoline treatment followed by 100% in eCG plus hCG and 80% in bromocriptine with the conception rates of 100%, 80% and 75%, respectively in three groups. Serum progesterone (P4) profile were statistically significant (P less than 0.05) in all the treatment groups (I, II and III), but not in control group and the exflotive veginal cytology were found significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in induced than the non-induced animals of same group.
Background: Escalating stray dog population is becoming a big problem worldwide. The chemical contraception is gaining more popularity because of its cost effectiveness, easy application and negligible complications. Methods: The present study was designed to analyze the contraceptive effect of intra-testicular injection of zinc gluconate neutralized with arginine and chlorhexidine gluconate in twenty-four sexually mature male mongrel dogs divided into four groups viz I, II, III and IV each of six animals. Groups I, II and III were treated with zinc gluconate neutralized with arginine, 5% and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate, respectively and group IV were kept as control. The testicular biopsy samples were collected on day 0 and 30 using 16-gauge biopsy gun. The ultrasonographic examination of testes was done on day 0, 5, 15, 24 and 30. Result: The noteworthy microscopic changes at day 30 such as irregular basement membranes with severe depletion of both germinal and sertoli cells were observed in all the treatment groups. The ultrasonography revealed degenerated testicles and significant diminution in the testicular length by day 30 in all the treatment groups. Thus, intra-testicular injection of zinc gluconate neutralized with arginine, 5% and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate may be used for chemical contraception in dogs.
Present study was conducted on 28 true anoestrus buffaloes to observe the efficacy of CIDR implant alone and in combination with PMSG for induction of estrus and fertility response. All experimental animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (G1,G2,G3 and G4) each of seven animals. Animals of group G1 served as control whereas animals of G2, G3 and G4 were implanted with CIDR. Animals of G3 and G4 were also administered with oxytetracycline @ 20 ml I/U. In addition to CIDR and oxytetracycline, animals of G4 were also injected PMSG @ 500 I.U on the day of CIDR withdrawal. On removal of implant all the animals of G4 exhibited estrus within 65.14 ± 11.39 hrs with 85.7% conception rate. However, in the animals of G2 and G3 estrus induction rate was 71.4 and 85.7% within 72.00 ± 10.76 and 40.08 ± 2.09 hrs of CIDR withdrawal with 0.00% and 66.6% conception rate, respectively. None expressed estrus in control group. Our results indicated that addition of PMSG to CIDR implant substantially improved ovulation rate and fertility in noncyclic buffaloes.
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