S. sclerotiorum에 의한 상추 균핵병의 생물적 방제를 위하여 기생진균 P. minitans CM2을 선발하였다. 경기도 양평군의 상추 시설재배포장에서 실험이 3월부터 4월에 수행되었다 상추균핵병 발생초기에 기생진균의 포자현탁액의 농도별로 7일 간격 1회 부터 3회까지 상추의 지제부에 관주처리하였다. P. minitans CM2($1{\times}10^7/m{\ell}$)의 1회 처리구가 11.0%, 베노밀수화제가 2.7%, 무처리가 31.0% 각각 균핵병이 발생하였고, 2회 관주처리가 7.9%, 3회 관주처리가 12.8% 균핵병이 각각 발생하였다. P. minitans CM2 균주의 처리시기에 대한 시험을 양평과 수원에서 실시하였다. P. minitans CM2 균주의 포자현탁액($5{\times}10^6/m{\ell}$)을 상추 정식직후에 관주 처리가 75.3~84.7%, 정식전 육묘 200공 연결포트에 관주처리한 후 균핵병 발생초기에 관주처리는 58.0~63.8% 방제효과를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과에서 P. minitans CM2 균주는 상추균핵병에 생물적 방제를 위한 유망한 미생물농약개발이 가능하다고 생각된다. A mycoparasite, Paraconiothyrium minitans CM2 was selected for biological control of sclerotinia rot of lettuce caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The experiment was carried out in a lettuce greenhouse in Yangpyeong from March to April.. When lettuce sclerotinia rot showed in the early stage of occurrence, Conidial suspension of the mycoparasite was weekly treated once to three times onto soil surface around lettuce plants. Incidence of sclerotinia rot in the once-application plot of the mycoparasite ($1{\times}10^7$ spores/$m{\ell}$) and in the benomyl(WP)-treated plot was 11.0% and 2.7%, respectively, whereas that of control was 31.0%. Incidence of twice- and three-application plots of the isolate was 7.9% and 12.8%, respectively. For increasing the effect of the mycoparasite, the experiment for the timing of application of P. minitans CM2 was carried out in a lettuce greenhouse in Yangpyeong and Suwon. Control efficacy against lettuce sclerotinia rot in the soil-drenching plots of P. minitans CM2 ($5{\times}10^6$ spores/$m{\ell}$) in the planting was 75.3~84.7%, and control effect by treatment of the isolate at the pot drenching+the soil-drenching plots in the early stage of disease occurrence was 63.8~58.0%. As the results, P. minitans CM2 could be a prospective biofungicide for biological control of sclerotinia rot of lettuce.
Anthracnose occurred frequently on leaf sheaths of Welsh onions grown in Gangwha island, Korea in November, 2007. The disease incidence was as high as 30% in five fields investigated. A total of 20 single spore isolates of Colletotrichum species were obtained from the affected plants, and all the isolates were identified as Colletotrichum circinans based on their morphological and cultural characteristics. Three isolates of the fungus caused anthracnose symptoms on the leaf sheaths of Welsh onions by artificial inoculation, which were similar to those observed during the field survey. In this study, the mycological and pathological characteristics of C. circinans identified as causing anthracnose of Welsh onions are clarified.
To investigate the changes of the resistance to prochloraz of Fusarium species causing bakanae disease, Fusarium isolates were collected from various regions in Korea, and pathogenicity tests were performed using rice seeds. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and effective concentration of 50% () values of isolates were determined using the agar dilution method. High frequency distribution of MIC values of prochloraz against isolates collected in 2006~2007 and 2013~2014 years were and , respectively. The mean value of isolates increased from in 2006~2007 to in 2013~2014. Based on the value of isolates collected in 2006~2007, the resistant baseline of prochloraz was determined as . Compared with the ratio of resistant isolates in 2006~2007, the ratio of resistant isolates in 2013~2014 increased from 6.5% to 41.6%.
In June 2012, leaf spot and stem rot were observed on Wilford Swallowwort plants grown in Cheonan, Korea. Three fungal isolates obtained from the diseased leaves and stems were identified as Stemphylium lycopersici, based on morphological, cultural, and molecular characteristics and pathogenicity. This is the first report of leaf spot and stem rot on Wilford Swallowwort caused by S. lycopersici.
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