Exocrine pancreatic carcinoma is rare in dogs and cats and is characterized by chemoresistance, local aggressiveness and high rates of metastasis at the time of diagnosis. This report describes the case of a 6-year-old mixed-breed female dog presenting nonspecific clinical signs such as vomiting and jaundice, and diagnosed with acinar exocrine pancreatic carcinoma. Abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography, chest radiography, blood tests and cardiac exams were performed for surgical planning and tumor staging. The definitive diagnosis was obtained through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The patient underwent partial pancreatectomy combined with enterectomy. Toceranib phosphate was administered as adjuvant antineoplastic therapy and, 14 days after the start of treatment, the patient developed grade II neutropenia requiring a dosage adjustment, but without other adverse effects. This work aims to assist in the possibility of diagnosis, surgical treatment and adjuvant treatment for acinar exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in dogs.
A perda da capacidade de abdução da laringe de forma unilateral ou bilateral durante a inspiração de origem adquirida ou congênita é definida como paralisia de laringe. Essa patogenia está normalmente associada a cães de meia idade, a idosos, machos e de grande porte. A ocorrência de paralisia de laringe secundária a intubação em cães é pouco comum, diferente do que ocorre em humanos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o caso de um cão da raça Pug, macho, castrado, de oito anos de idade, atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Paraná. O paciente em questão foi submetido a procedimento cirúrgico sob intubação, e retornou ao hospital em torno de 30 dias depois, em atendimento de emergência devido à angústia respiratória e queixa de afonia e roncos mais intensos e frequentes com início uma semana após a intubação. Após estabilização do quadro na internação, o animal foi submetido a laringoscopia sob anestesia ambulatorial leve para avaliação de vias aéreas superiores, durante a qual foi possível constatar prolongamento de palato mole, eversão de sacos laríngeos, processos cuneiformes das aritenoides colapsando em direção ao lúmen laríngeo durante a inspiração, colapso laríngeo grau 2 e paralisia de laringe unilateral esquerda. Após estabilização, o cão recebeu alta da internação para tratamento de hemoparasitose previamente à rinoplastia e estafilectomia. Duas semanas após a alta, paciente retornou ao hospital em crise respiratória severa, sendo necessária realização de traqueostomia temporária e monitoramento em unidade de terapia intensiva para estabilização do quadro. Três dias depois após estabilização, foi então submetido a estafilectomia, rinoplastia e saculectomia, sendo constatado novamente o quadro de colapso de laringe de segundo grau e paralisia laríngea unilateral esquerda. Após dois dias internado para cuidados pós-operatórios, o tubo de traqueostomia temporária foi retirado e recebeu alta sob orientações de tratamento clínico e manejo. Uma semana após o retorno, o animal em questão veio a óbito em casa após um quadro de êmese seguido por angústia respiratória relatada pelo tutor. Suspeita-se que tenha ocorrido um quadro de broncoaspiração, sendo tal complicação bastante frequente nos casos de paralisia de laringe.
Background: Large skin defects are caused by tumor excision, making appropriate reconstruction and complete healing of the lesion a challenge for surgeons. There are some difficulties in reaching these goals, especially in cases of surgical wound in the limbs, due to the scarce amount of skin and its reduced elasticity, which limit the possibility of flaps when compared to the head, neck, and trunk. This study reports a case of wound closure on the lateral skin in the femoral region of a dog’s pelvic limb via island skin graft associated with the implantation of a nonadherent cellulose acetate mesh and intensive postoperative care.Case: An 8-year-old Rottweiler female dog was attended at Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná’s Veterinary Clinic (CVE), in Curitiba, Paraná, presenting a tumor located laterocaudally to the right stifle joint. After preoperative examinations, the patient underwent tumor surgery; however, two more surgical procedures were required due to suture dehiscence in the region, which resulted in increased wound size. At first, the wound was treated for granulation tissue to be formed. Subsequently, the island skin grafting technique was chosen to close the wound, associated with the implantation of a nonadherent cellulose acetate mesh imbibed with petrolatum emulsion to keep the grafted fragments in place. The mesh was fixed in a simple interrupted suture pattern using 2-0 nylon thread. The lateral regions of the chest and abdomen were chosen as donor skin beds due to their large dimensions, skin elasticity, and ease in defect reconstruction. The fragments were obtained using a 10-mm biopsy punch and scalpel, and the defects were sutured in a simple interrupted pattern using 2-0 nylon thread. The patient remained hospitalized for movement restriction and postoperative monitoring for 72 h, and the bandage remained untouched during this time interval. Thereafter, the patient was discharged and it was recommended to clean the wound with jets of 0.9% saline using a 40 × 12 needle attached to a 20 mL syringe, from a distance of 10 cm from the wound. The dressings were changed every 48 h to maintain minimum contact with the wound; however, still keeping it clean to optimize healing. Fourteen days postoperatively, the sutures as well as the non adherent mesh were removed from the donor beds. The dressing was changed and the lesion was cleaned every 24 h because the fixation between the receptor bed and the implanted tissue was considered good. After approximately 80 days, complete epithelialization of the wound was observed.Discussion: Closing of large skin defects in the limbs is challenging due to the impossibility of using other reconstructive surgery techniques, which have limited use because of the extension of the lesion. However, island skin grafting can be considered despite its slower skin healing process than that of skin flaps. Specific management is required for the successful execution of this technique, and in the present case, the application of the non adherent mesh after island skin grafting helped in the immobilization and better adhesion of the fragments to the receiving bed. Thus, it was demonstrated that in-depth knowledge of reconstructive surgery and the surgeon’s expertise favor the emergence of ideas and more effective techniques that ensure success of the surgical procedure by avoiding complications and improving the patients’ quality of life.
Osteosarcoma is the main bone neoplasm originating in the costal arches; however, its occurrence is less common than that of appendicular osteosarcoma. Known to be locally invasive and with high metastatic potential, it generally requires multimodal treatment involving aggressive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. This study aims to report an unusual case of costal arch osteosarcoma in a one-year-old Pit bull dog, who underwent resection of five ribs aiming at wide tumor resection, with subsequent reconstruction of the thoracoabdominal wall using polypropylene mesh. After surgical resection of the tumor, adjuvant antineoplastic chemotherapy with doxorubicin and carboplatin was performed at 21-day intervals, totaling six cycles. To date, the patient has shown no signs of local recurrence or metastases, with a disease-free period of 16 months.
O tromboembolismo arterial (TEA), é uma síndrome caracterizada pela formação de trombos que atingem a corrente sanguínea e podem se depositar nas artérias causando uma série de complicações. As cardiomiopatias que induzem aumento do átrio esquerdo dos gatos, é o fator predisponente à ocorrência da síndrome. O diagnóstico do TEA é feito através dos sinais clínicos e exames complementares, principalmente o ecocardiograma. A terapia antitrombótica é indicada como primeira escolha, mas o prognóstico varia de reservado a ruim. Analgesia é de extrema importância no protocolo terapêutico de pacientes com TEA. A cardiomiopatia restritiva é uma cardiomiopatia importante na clínica de felinos, no qual uma baixa porcentagem de gatos demonstra sinais clínicos anterior ao evento trombótico ou Insuficiência Cardíaca Congestiva. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever a evolução de um caso de tromboembolismo arterial decorrente de cardiomiopatia restritiva não tratada em uma gata de oito anos, castrada, pesando 4,9 kg com cianose de coxins e paralisia bilateral dos membros pélvicos. Após o diagnóstico, foi instituído o protocolo terapêutico com clopidorgel, rivaroxabana, analgesia e tratamento sintomático associado. A paciente respondeu favoravelmente à terapia clínica nos primeiros três dias e, após isso, teve piora clínica, no qual foi realizado eutanásia por questões pessoais da proprietária e prognóstico desfavorável.