Sexual harassment has been an issue of concern and investigation since the mid-1970s for a variety of reasons, one of which is that it interferes with academic learning (Dzeich & Weiner, 1984). Research and educational programs on student harassment, however, have focused almost exclusively on older adolescents and college students (Bremer, Moore, & Bildersee, 1991; Malovich & Stake, 1990; Roscoe, Goodwin, Repp, & Rose 1987; Wishnietsky, 1991). Only recently the popular press has brought attention to harassment of high school students, and tibe courts have begun recognizing and addressing the reality that harassment is occurring at considerably younger ages. For example, Seventeen magazine (Leblanc, 1992) published an article describing a high school student's experiences as a victim of harassment in the school and the resulting $15,000 fine to the school. Readers' responses to the survey generated a great deal of media attention and increased concern among the public. In addition, school counselors and educators are aware that younger students are experiencing harassment and offer anecdotal accounts suggesting that harassment by peers is occurring with increasing frequency. A teachers' guide to accompany READ (Staff, 1992), a publication widely distributed to students, reported that the U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights stated that sexual harassment is a real and increasingly visible problem, one that can threaten a student's emotional well-being, impair academic progress, and even inhibit the attainment of career goals (Staff, 1992, p. 2). The American Association of University Women (AAUW Report, 1992) also reported that harassment is increasing.
Approximately 300 late adolescents were surveyed to assess their knowledge of AIDS, and to determine if and how their sexual behavior had changed as a result. Findings suggested that late adolescents were quite knowledgeable regarding AIDS and its transmission; however, only about one-third had altered their sexual behavior as a result of fear of the disease. Findings are discussed in terms of the need for AIDS education, and recommendations are presented.The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge of late adolescents concerning AIDS, and to determine if and how their sexual behavior had changed as a result. Approximately 300 adolescents (undergraduate US college students) were surveyed with anonymous letters and questionnaires and the data was analyzed by descriptive and nonparametric procedures (chi-square analysis). The survey consisted of 3 sections: 1) 28 AIDS knowledge questions; 2) 10 demographic items and 3) an open-ended questionnaire concerning changes in sexual behavior as a result of a fear of AIDS. Findings suggested that the adolescents were quite knowledgeable about AIDS and its transmission; however, only about 1/3 had altered their sexual behavior as a result of fear of the disease, because as a group, adolescents do not believe that AIDS is the reason for change, the disease has subconsciously changed the way they perceive sex they are more selective in choosing their sexual partners. Perhaps they also already practiced safe-sex. Suggestions for changing behavior through education include: 1) giving explicit information via counseling and education; 2) use of developmental counseling; 3) provide information on testing for HIV; 4) making effective use of the relationship between counselor and student or client.
The occurrence and forms of violence experienced by adolescents in families and dating relationships were investigated. Subjects were 204 juniors and seniors enrolled in a high school in central Michigan. A primary aim of the study was to examine similarities between adolescents' experiences with dating violence and those reported by college students. Findings indicate that high school students encounter a considerable amount of violence in their families. Results also reveal a remarkable similarity between their dating experiences and those of college students, suggesting that there is a pattern to "relationship violence".
Urinary metabolites before dental treatment were compared in a group of patients with dental phobia and in a matched control group. Plasma adrenaline, noradrenaline, and free fatty acids were estimated before treatment, immediately after sedation with diazapam 0.2 mg/kg body weight in the phobic patients, during induction of oral anaesthesia, and during and after surgery. Patients with dental phobia had significantly higher levels of adrenaline, which were only temporarily lowered by sedation, and which during treatment remained consistently higher than those of control patients.
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