Hong‐Bing Tsai

National Ilan University

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Da‐Kong Lee

Taiwan Textile Research Institute

Ruey‐Shi Tsai

Ta Hwa University of Science and Technology

Yu‐Der Lee

National Tsing Hua University

Shinn‐Jen Chang

Industrial Technology Research Institute

Chyun Lee

ITRI International

Nien‐Shi Chang

ITRI International

Mei‐Sui Chen

Industrial Technology Research Institute

Andrew Teh Hu

National Tsing Hua University

Jiang‐Wen You

Ta Hwa University of Science and Technology

Jung‐Liang Liu

National Ilan University

Cooperative Institutions

National Ilan University

Industrial Technology Research Institute

ITRI International

National Tsing Hua University

National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University

National Taiwan University

National Cheng Kung University

National Taipei University of Technology

Ta Hwa University of Science and Technology

Iowa State University

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Characterization of thermotropic block copolyetheresters by x-ray diffraction and DSC

Journal of Macromolecular Science Part B (1997)

Hong‐Bing Tsai

Abstract The block copolyetheresters with hard segments of poly(alkylene-p, p'-bibenzoate) and soft segments of poly(tetramethylene ether) have been investigated by two x-ray diffraction techniques and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results from the counter diffractometry technique indicate the effect of composition on the diffraction peaks and relative crystallinity of the block copolyetheresters. The results from the photographic technique not only show the presence of the diffraction peaks qualitatively, but also indicate the layer spacings relating to the smectic phase for certain block copolyetheresters. The successive DSC heating curve after cooling from the isotropic (I) state to a temperature below the I-S (smectic) transition but well above the S-K (crystalline) transition indicates the nature of the S-I transition for some block copolyetheresters. The S-I transition peak overlaps with the K-S transition peak, or is even replaced by a K-I transition peak. Thus it is difficult to distinguish between the K-S, S-I transitions and a K-I transition in second-run DSC heating curves for the block copolyetheresters.

Thermotropic crystal

Transition temperature

10.1080/00222349708220423

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Citations (0)

Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Thermotropic Block Copolyetheresters

Polymer Journal (1992)

Hong‐Bing Tsai Chyun Lee Nien‐Shi Chang

Thermotropic crystal

Copolyester

10.1295/polymj.24.157

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Citations (20)

Effect of molecular weight on two smectic polyesters

Journal of Polymer Research (1996)

Hong‐Bing Tsai Da‐Kong Lee Hsien‐Wen Chen Jia-Yeh Chang Jung‐Liang Liu

Endothermic process

10.1007/bf01493381

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Citations (1)

Preparation and characterizations of thermotropic copolyesters of p‐hydroxybenzoic acid, sebacic acid, and hydroquinone

Journal of Applied Polymer Science (1995)

Lin‐Tee Hsiue M. Chen‐Chi Hong‐Bing Tsai

Abstract A series of copolyesters of p ‐hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), sebacic acid and hydroquinone were prepared by melt polycondensation of p ‐acetoxybenzoic acid, sebacic acid and p ‐phenylene diacetate. The copolyesters were characterized by IR, NMR, DSC, polarized microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. It was found that the copolyesters exhibited liquid crystallinity when the HBA content was 25–67 mol %. The copolyesters with an HBA content of 25–43 mol % showed a nematic phase and a biphasic range, and the isotropization temperature increased as the HBA content increased. The copolyesters with an HBA content of 54–67 mol % showed a nematic phase up to above 400°C. The liquid crystalline order increased as the HBA content increased due to the increased of the average length of the rigid moieties. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Sebacic acid

Thermotropic crystal

Hydroxybenzoic acid

Hydroquinone

10.1002/app.1995.070560408

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Citations (10)

Effect of annealing on the thermal properties of poly(4‐hydroxybenzoate‐co‐p‐phenylene isophthalate)s

Die Makromolekulare Chemie (1990)

Hong‐Bing Tsai Chyun Lee Nien‐Shi Chang Shinn‐Jen Chang Mei‐Sui Chen

Abstract A series of poly(4‐hydroxybenzoate‐ co‐p ‐phenylene isophthalate)s ( 1 ) was prepared by melt polycondensation of 4‐acetoxybenzoic acid, p ‐phenylene diacetate, and isophthalic acid followed by solid state polymerization. The thermal properties of the as‐made samples were found to be significantly different from the second run thermal properties. The copolyesters with the same thermal history were annealed at 270°C in the DSC at various time intervals, and the thermal properties were further determined by DSC. For different compositions, annealing had different effects on the thermal properties of the copolyesters. With increasing annealing time the transition temperature and transition heat of 1 containing 50 and 60 mol‐% of monomeric units (m. u.) of 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA50 and HBA60) were found to increase. The second run DSC curves of HBA40, HBA30 and HBA20 (containing 40, 30 and 20 mol‐% of 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid m. u.) show two endotherms; transition heat and transition temperature of the lower temperature transition increase with the annealing time, but the transition heat of the higher temperature transition decreases. Finally, only one endotherm was observed for long‐time annealing. The difference in thermal properties between the as‐made sample and the second run could be described as annealing effect during solid state polymerization.

Isophthalic acid

Endotherm

Transition temperature

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

10.1002/macp.1990.021910609

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Citations (5)

Copolyesters. III. Thermal degradation of poly(butylene terephthalate‐co‐adipate)s

Journal of Applied Polymer Science (1990)

Shinn‐Jen Chang Mei‐Sui Chen R. S. Chang Shumei Chen Hong‐Bing Tsai

Abstract The copolyesters of poly(butylene terephthalate) and poly(butylene adipate) were prepared by melt polycondensation of 1,4‐butanediol, terephthalic acid, and adipic acid. The thermal stability was important for their use a shot melt adhesives. The thermal degradation of these copolysters and homopolyesters was determined through TGA, change of acid number, IR, GPC, and NMR analyses. It was found that the thermal stability of the copolysters in oxygen decreased as the content of butylene adipate increased at temperature above and below T m . Thermal degradation occured in oxygen even at temperature lower than T m , so that degradation would also occur at room temperature in air and embrittlement was found for these copolysters for long term service.

Adipate

Adipic acid

Thermal Stability

Degradation

Polybutylene succinate

Embrittlement

10.1002/app.1990.070390202

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Citations (8)

Polyarylates (I): Investigation of the interfacial polycondensation reaction by UV

Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry (1987)

Hong‐Bing Tsai Yu‐Der Lee

Abstract The interfacial polycondensation of bisphenol A with isophthaloyl chloride and terephthaloyl chloride in dichloromethane with triethylbenzylammonium chloride as the catalyst was described. A well‐defined two‐phase system had been observed, so the concentration of bisphenolate in the aqueous phase could be determined by UV spectrometer. The conversion was found to increase rapidly with reaction time, but the rate of increase in molecular weight was slow. At the initial stage with conversion up to 95%, the reaction proceeded similarly to that of solution polycon‐densation because the synthesized polyarylate could be dissolved in dichloromethane, and a polymer with a low molecular weight resulted. At the final stage of the reaction, the molecular weight was increased to a very high value due to the local concentration effect. The mole ratio of bisphenol A to diacid chlorides was found to affect the molecular weight very much. In the case of a mole ratio less than 1, the reaction remained in the initial stage mostly, and the molecular weight was low. However, for a mole ratio greater than 1, polyarylate with a very high molecular weight could be obtained because the local concentration effect was much more significant owing to the high concentration of bisphenolate that remained in the aqueous phase at the final stage.

Dichloromethane

Interfacial polymerization

Terephthaloyl chloride

Aqueous two-phase system

Reaction rate

10.1002/pola.1987.080250605

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Citations (25)

Synthesis and thermal properties of block copolyetheresters with poly(pentamethylene p,p?-bibenzoate) segments

Journal of Polymer Research (1995)

Hong‐Bing Tsai Da‐Kong Lee Jung‐Liang Liu Jiang‐Wen You

10.1007/bf01493210

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Citations (2)

Aqueous polyurethane dispersions derived from polycarbonatediols and Di(4‐isocyanatocyclohexyl)methane

Polymer Engineering and Science (2006)

Da‐Kong Lee Hong‐Bing Tsai Ruey‐Shi Tsai

Abstract Aqueous polyurethane dispersions derived from various polycarbonatediols, di(4‐isocyanatocyclohexyl)methane (HMDI), and various carboxylic diols, including dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), dimethylol butyric acid (DMBA), and a carboxylic polycaprolactonediol, were prepared by a method in which the dispersing procedure was modified to enhance the molecular weight. The molecular weight, particle size, tensile properties, thermal properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of the polyurethane dispersions were investigated. The dynamic mechanical property data indicate that these polyurethane dispersions can exhibit higher temperature resistance when compared with those derived from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). POLYM. ENG. SCI. 46:588–593, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers

Isophorone diisocyanate

10.1002/pen.20489

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Citations (21)

Block copolyetheresters. V. Low‐temperature properties of thermotropic block copolyetheresters

Journal of Applied Polymer Science (1996)

Hong‐Bing Tsai Da‐Kong Lee Jung‐Liang Liu Yii‐Soong Tsao Ruey‐Shi Tsai

Thermotropic crystal

10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960207)59:6<1027::aid-app17>3.3.co;2-h

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Citations (0)