Kelly R. Theim

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

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Jack A. Yanovski

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Denise E. Wilfley

Washington University in St. Louis

Susan Z. Yanovski

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Brian E. Saelens

University of Washington

Margaret C. Mirch

National Institutes of Health

Richard I. Stein

Washington University in St. Louis

Leonard H. Epstein

University at Buffalo, State University of New York

Meghan M. Sinton

William & Mary

Andrea B. Goldschmidt

University of Pittsburgh

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National Institutes of Health

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Washington University in St. Louis

United States Department of Health and Human Services

Stanford University

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Colorado State University

University of Pennsylvania

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

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A Prospective Study of Psychological Predictors of Body Fat Gain Among Children at High Risk for Adult Obesity

PEDIATRICS (2006)

Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff Marc Cohen Susan Z. Yanovski Christopher Cox Kelly R. Theim

OBJECTIVE. Limited data suggest that psychological factors, including binge eating, dieting, and depressive symptoms, may predispose children to excessive weight gain. We investigated the relationship between baseline psychological measures and changes in body fat (measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) over time among children thought to be at high risk for adult obesity. METHODS. A cohort study of a convenience sample of children (age: 6–12 years) recruited from Washington, DC, and its suburbs was performed. Subjects were selected to be at increased risk for adult obesity, either because they were overweight when first examined or because their parents were overweight. Children completed questionnaires at baseline that assessed dieting, binge eating, disordered eating attitudes, and depressive symptoms; they underwent measurements of body fat mass at baseline and annually for an average of 4.2 years (SD: 1.8 years). RESULTS. Five hundred sixty-eight measurements were obtained between July 1996 and December 2004, for 146 children. Both binge eating and dieting predicted increases in body fat. Neither depressive symptoms nor disturbed eating attitudes served as significant predictors. Children who reported binge eating gained, on average, 15% more fat mass, compared with children who did not report binge eating. CONCLUSIONS. Children’s reports of binge eating and dieting were salient predictors of gains in fat mass during middle childhood among children at high risk for adult obesity. Interventions targeting disordered eating behaviors may be useful in preventing excessive fat gain in this high-risk group.

Dieting

Binge eating

10.1542/peds.2005-1329

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Citations (255)

Psychosocial Correlates of Shape and Weight Concerns in Overweight Pre-Adolescents

Journal of Youth and Adolescence (2011)

Meghan M. Sinton Andrea B. Goldschmidt Vandana Aspen Kelly R. Theim Richard I. Stein

Health psychology

Weight stigma

10.1007/s10964-011-9686-y

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Citations (32)

Adherence to Behavioral Targets and Treatment Attendance During a Pediatric Weight Control Trial

Obesity (2012)

Kelly R. Theim Meghan M. Sinton Andrea B. Goldschmidt Dorothy J. Van Buren Angela Celio Doyle

Better weight loss outcomes are achieved in adults and youth who adhere to obesity treatment regimens (i.e., session attendance and prescribed changes in weight control behaviors).However, more research is needed regarding children's adherence to a range of behaviors relevant for weight maintenance over long-term follow-up.Overweight children (N=101, aged 7-12 years), along with an overweight parent, participated in a 20-week family-based behavioral weight loss treatment (FBT) and were then assigned to either a behaviorally-focused or socially-focused 16-week weight maintenance treatment (MT).Treatment attendance and child and parent adherence (i.e., reported use of skills targeted within treatment) were examined in relation to child percent overweight change from baseline to post-FBT, post-MT, and 2-year follow-up.Higher attendance predicted better child weight outcomes at post-MT, but not at 2-year follow-up.Adherence to self-regulatory

Attendance

Weight control

10.1038/oby.2012.94

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Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Concentrations in Lean and Overweight Children and Adolescents

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (2006)

Areeg El‐Gharbawy Diane C. Adler‐Wailes Margaret C. Mirch Kelly R. Theim Lisa M. Ranzenhofer

Abstract Context: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor appear to be important components of the leptin-signaling cascade involved in energy homeostasis, and mice with BDNF or TrkB gene haploinsufficiency have excessive adiposity. Little is known about the relationship between adiposity and BDNF, particularly in children. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the association of serum BDNF with measures of adiposity in children. Design/Setting/Patients: BDNF was determined by a sandwich-type ELISA after an overnight fast in convenience sample of 328 subjects, aged 3–19 yr enriched for extreme obesity. In 43, BDNF was also measured before, and again 1 h after, consuming a high-energy content (787 kcal) milkshake. Main Outcome Measures: Measures included associations between BDNF and measures of adiposity. Results: There were no significant univariate associations between log BDNF and adiposity measured by body mass index (BMI), BMI-Z score, or fat mass. However, in an analysis of covariance accounting for age, sex, race, pubertal status, and platelet count, BDNF was lower in overweight children (mean ± sd, 39.8 ± 24.8 vs. 47.0 ± 25.4 ng/dl, P = 0.03); in multiple regression analyses with log BDNF as the dependent variable, BMI (P = 0.03), BMI-Z (P = 0.01), and body fat (P < 0.02) were all negatively associated with BDNF once age, pubertal status, and platelet count were included in the model. Ingestion of a meal did not significantly alter serum BDNF 1 h later (P = 0.26). Conclusions: Serum BDNF is lower in extremely overweight children and adolescents than those of normal weight. It remains to be determined whether obese individuals with low serum BDNF for age and platelet count have mutations that alter BDNF function.

Univariate analysis

10.1210/jc.2006-0658

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Citations (106)

Laboratory feeding behavior and metabolic characteristics in adolescent girls with binge eating

PsycEXTRA Dataset (2014)

Courtney K. Pickworth Nichole R. Kelly Lauren B. Shomaker Mariya Grygorenko Amanda J. Krause

Binge eating

Binge drinking

10.1037/e571602014-001

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Eating Disorders

Oxford Bibliographies Online Datasets (2014)

Kelly R. Theim Lisa M. Ranzenhofer Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff

10.1093/obo/9780199828340-0148

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Binge Eating in Overweight Treatment-Seeking Adolescents

Journal of Pediatric Psychology (2006)

Deborah R. Glasofer Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff Kamryn T. Eddy Susan Z. Yanovski Kelly R. Theim

Objective To examine the frequency and recency of binge eating in relation to psychopathology in overweight, treatment-seeking adolescents. Methods We investigated psychological correlates of the frequency and recency of reported loss of control (LOC) eating episodes in 160 overweight (body mass index [BMI]: 40.7 ± 8.8 kg/m2) adolescents. On the basis of the responses to the eating disorder examination (EDE), participants were categorized into one of four groups: full-syndrome binge eating disorder (BED); recent but infrequent binge eating (episodes within the 3 months before interview; RECENT-BINGE); remote and infrequent LOC eating (episodes occurring >3 months before assessment; PAST-LOC), or no history of LOC episodes (NE). Results The BED group reported higher EDE scores (global, p < .01), and more negative mood and anxiety than all other groups (p's < .01). Compared with NE, RECENT-BINGE also reported more anxiety and higher EDE scores (p's < .01). Conclusions Overweight, treatment-seeking adolescents with BED are clearly distinguishable from teens without the disorder on measures of eating-related psychopathology, mood, and anxiety. RECENT-BINGE, but not PAST-LOC, is also associated with significantly greater eating-related and general psychopathology.

Binge eating

Binge-eating disorder

10.1093/jpepsy/jsl012

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Citations (211)

Relations of Hedonic Hunger and Behavioral Change to Weight Loss Among Adults in a Behavioral Weight Loss Program Utilizing Meal-Replacement Products

Behavior Modification (2013)

Kelly R. Theim Joshua D. Brown Adrienne S. Juarascio Robert R. Malcolm Patrick M. O’Neil

Greater self-regulatory behavior usage is associated with greater weight loss within behavioral weight loss treatments. Hedonic hunger (i.e., susceptibility to environmental food cues) may impede successful behavior change and weight loss. Adult men and women ( N = 111, body mass index M ± SD = 35.89 ± 6.97 kg/m 2 ) were assessed before and after a 15-week lifestyle change weight loss program with a partial meal-replacement diet. From pre- to post-treatment, reported weight control behavior usage improved and hedonic hunger decreased, and these changes were inversely related. Individuals with higher hedonic hunger scores at baseline showed the greatest weight loss. Similarly, participants with lower baseline use of weight control behaviors lost more weight, and increased weight control behavior usage was associated with greater weight loss—particularly among individuals with low baseline hedonic hunger. Further study is warranted regarding the significance of hedonic hunger in weight loss treatments.

Weight change

10.1177/0145445513501319

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Citations (19)

The Nosological Status of Loss of Control over Eating in Children

Kelly R. Theim

ii-iii Acknowledgements iv-v List of Tables viii List of Figures ix Introduction 1-2 Background 3-31 Definition of Loss of Control (LOC) and Binge Eating 3-5 Binge Eating Disorders in Adults 5-6 Significance of LOC and Binge Eating in Youth 6-10 Association with Excess Weight Gain and Obesity 6-7 Psychosocial Correlates 7-8 Impact of LOC Eating on Weight Loss Treatment Outcome 8-10 Assessment of LOC Eating in Youth 10-12 Diagnostic Classification of LOC Eating Pathology in Youth 12-14 Sensitivity to Reward 14-18 Two Examples of Reward Sensitivity: Alcohol and Palatable Food 17-18 Food Reinforcement: The Relative Reinforcing Value (RRV) of Food 18-27 Food Reinforcement in Adults 21-22 Food Reinforcement in Children 22-24 Food Reinforcement and LOC Eating 24-26 Food Reinforcement and Other Reinforcers in the Environment 26-27 Aims and Hypotheses 28-30 Significance of Proposed Research 30-31 Methods 31-52 Participants 31-33

Binge eating

Food addiction

10.7936/k7rn3607

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Citations (0)

Obesity and the US military family

Obesity (2013)

Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff Tracy Sbrocco Kelly R. Theim Lorenzo Cohen Eleanor R. Mackey

This review discusses the current knowledge and future directions regarding obesity within the US military family (i.e., active-duty servicemembers, as well as military spouses, children, retirees, and veterans). The increasing rates of overweight and obesity within the US military adversely impact military readiness, limit recruitment, and place a significant financial burden on the Department of Defense.

Active duty

10.1002/oby.20566

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Citations (86)