Uttam Kumar

Borlaug Institute for South Asia

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Arun Kumar Joshi

Borlaug Institute for South Asia

Ravi P. Singh

Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz Y Trigo

Pradeep Kumar Bhati

Borlaug Institute for South Asia

Ramesh Chand

Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy

Jesse Poland

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Vinod Kumar Mishra

Banaras Hindu University

Daljit Singh

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology

Muhammad Imtiaz

Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan

Manish K. Vishwakarma

Borlaug Institute for South Asia

Suneel Kumar

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Cooperative Institutions

Galgotias University

293

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Banaras Hindu University

Indian Agricultural Research Institute

Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz Y Trigo

Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research

Punjab Agricultural University

National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University

University of Delhi

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Genetic control of Plutella xylostella in omics era

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology (2019)

Wei Chen Feiying Yang Xuejiao Xu Uttam Kumar Weiyi He

Abstract Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), is a specialist pest on cruciferous crops of economic importance. The large‐scale use of chemical insecticides for the control of this insect pest has caused a number of challenges to agro‐ecosystems. With the advent of the omics era, genetic pest management strategies are becoming increasingly feasible and show a powerful potential for pest control. Here, we review strategies for using transgenic plants and sterile insect techniques for genetic pest management and introduce the major advances in the control of P. xylostella using a female‐specific RIDL (release of insects carrying a dominant lethal gene) strategy. Further, the advantages of gene drive developed in combination with sex determination and CRISPR/Cas9 systems are addressed, and the corresponding prospects and implementation issues are discussed. It is predictable that under the policy and regulation of professional committees, the genetic pest control strategy, especially for gene drive, will open a new avenue to sustainable pest management not only for P. xylostella but also for other insect pests.

10.1002/arch.21621

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Citations (7)

Elucidating SNP-based genetic diversity and population structure of advanced breeding lines of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

PeerJ (2021)

Vipin Tomar Guriqbal Singh Dhillon Daljit Singh Ravi P. Singh Jesse Poland

Genetic diversity and population structure information are crucial for enhancing traits of interest and the development of superlative varieties for commercialization. The present study elucidated the population structure and genetic diversity of 141 advanced wheat breeding lines using single nucleotide polymorphism markers. A total of 14,563 high-quality identified genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) markers were distributed covering 13.9 GB wheat genome, with a minimum of 1,026 SNPs on the homoeologous group four and a maximum of 2,838 SNPs on group seven. The average minor allele frequency was found 0.233, although the average polymorphism information content (PIC) and heterozygosity were 0.201 and 0.015, respectively. Principal component analyses (PCA) and population structure identified two major groups (sub-populations) based on SNPs information. The results indicated a substantial gene flow/exchange with many migrants (Nm = 86.428) and a considerable genetic diversity (number of different alleles, Na = 1.977; the number of effective alleles, Ne = 1.519; and Shannon’s information index, I = 0.477) within the population, illustrating a good source for wheat improvement. The average PIC of 0.201 demonstrates moderate genetic diversity of the present evaluated advanced breeding panel. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) detected 1% and 99% variance between and within subgroups. It is indicative of excessive gene traffic (less genetic differentiation) among the populations. These conclusions deliver important information with the potential to contribute new beneficial alleles using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and marker-assisted selection to enhance genetic gain in South Asian wheat breeding programs.

Fixation index

Germ plasm

10.7717/peerj.11593

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Citations (12)

Use of Digital Word Games as a Tool for Improving Vocabulary Skills

Meenu Gupta Rakesh Kumar Uttam Kumar Akash Ranjan Singh

With the advancement in technology and availability in the last few decades, it has become extremely convenient for us to use computer software and mobile apps to learn new things and improve our existing skills. One such way to improve our vocabulary and spelling skills is using digital word games. Word games have always been a great way to learn and improve language skills like vocabulary and spelling. Digital word games like Hangman, spelling quiz, synonym-matching, and many more help people enhance their vocabulary in a fun way. With the high popularity of mobile and computer games in the last few decades, digital word games have also seen a tremendous increase in their acceptance by people. It is not a surprise that even parents and teachers tend to encourage the use of these learning activity games for students, especially for young ones. This paper discusses the importance and scope of these digital games in the education sector. This paper also details the designing, working, and development implementation of a theme-based computer game that can be used as a tool to improve language skills using an experiment to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of such digital word games.

Spelling

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10.1109/incacct57535.2023.10141718

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Evaluation of full time and half time acquired cardiac perfusion images and its correlation with coronary angiography

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine (2010)

P. Madhusudhanan Akshay Kapoor Amitabh Arya Manish Ora Subhash Chand Kheruka

Source

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New QTLs for Spot Blotch Disease Resistance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using Genome-Wide Association Mapping

Frontiers in Genetics (2021)

Vipin Tomar Daljit Singh Guriqbal Singh Dhillon Ravi P. Singh Jesse Poland

Spot blotch disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major constraint for wheat production in tropics and subtropics. The introgression of spot blotch resistance alleles to the disease susceptible lines is critical to securing the wheat production in these regions. Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for spot blotch were attempted earlier, the present study focused on identifying new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for spot blotch under natural disease pressure in diverse field conditions. A total of 139 advanced spring wheat lines were evaluated in three environments (three years and two locations) in India and Bangladesh. The GWAS using 14,063 polymorphic genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) markers identified eight QTLs associated with spot blotch disease resistance belonging to eight chromosomes across the wheat genome. Here, we report the identified marker–trait associations (MTAs), along with the allele effects associated with the disease. The functional annotation of the significant markers identified NBS-LRR, MADS-box transcription factor, and 34 other plant-related protein families across multiple chromosomal regions. The results indicate four promising new QTLs on chromosomes 1A (497.2 Mb), 1D (89.84 Mb), 2B (421.92 Mb), and 6D (6.84 Mb) associated with several disease resistance protein families. These results provide insights into new genomic regions associated with spot blotch disease, and with additional validation, could be utilized in disease resistance breeding efforts in wheat development.

Bipolaris

Introgression

Genome-wide Association Study

Association mapping

10.3389/fgene.2020.613217

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Citations (29)

High-throughput phenotyping-enabled genetic dissection of crop lodging in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Figshare (2018)

Daljit Singh Xu Wang Uttam Kumar Liangliang Gao Muhammad Noor

Geo-referenced raster image set from BISA LDH location seasons 2016 and 2017.

10.6084/m9.figshare.6151127.v5

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Quantitative trait loci for resistance to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat (T. aestivum L.) lines ‘Ning 8201’ and ‘Chirya 3’

Molecular Breeding (2010)

Uttam Kumar Arun Kumar Joshi Sundeep Kumar Ramesh Chand Marion S. Röder

Bipolaris

10.1007/s11032-009-9388-2

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Citations (82)

Screening and validation of fertility restoration genes (Rf) in wild abortive CMS system of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using microsatellite markers

Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) (2018)

Pradeep Kumar Bhati S. K. Singh Uttam Kumar

The present study was carried out with the objective of validating linked SSRs markers to Rf genes in diverse rice breeding lines. SSR markers enabled to determine the chromosomal locations of the two Rf genes (Rf3 and Rf4) in the wild-abortive cytoplasmic male sterility (WA-CMS) system. Forty breeding lines with no prior information on fertility restoration were screened with the help of molecular markers linked to major fertility genes Rf3 and Rf4. The breeding lines were crossed with two WA-CMS lines (IR79156A and Pusa 6A) and the 80 F1s were evaluated for pollen and spikelet fertility to identify restorers and maintainers. Four SSRs reported to be linked to Rf genes (Rf3 and Rf4) were used to detect the allelic status in 40 breeding lines. The results revealed that out of 40, eight lines found to be common effective restorers for both the CMS lines (IR 79156A and Pusa6A). Two markers (RM171 and RM6100) proved to be associated with Rf4 genes. Results demonstrated that these markers could be used to screen large number of restorers and non-restorer lines in hybrid rice breeding programs in short time.

Cytoplasmic male sterility

Male fertility

Software maintainer

10.5958/0975-6906.2018.00035.4

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Citations (1)

Identification of QTLs for stay green trait in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the ‘Chirya 3’ × ‘Sonalika’ population

Euphytica (2010)

Uttam Kumar Arun Kumar Joshi Maya Kumari Rajneesh Paliwal Sundeep Kumar

Inbred strain

10.1007/s10681-010-0155-6

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Citations (121)

High-Throughput Phenotyping Enabled Genetic Dissection of Crop Lodging in Wheat

Frontiers in Plant Science (2019)

Daljit Singh Xu Wang Uttam Kumar Liangliang Gao Muhammad Noor

Novel high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) approaches are needed to advance the understanding of genotype-to-phenotype and accelerate plant breeding. The first generation of HTP has examined simple spectral reflectance traits from images and sensors but is limited in advancing our understanding of crop development and architecture. Lodging is a complex trait that significantly impacts yield and quality in many crops including wheat. Conventional visual assessment methods for lodging are time-consuming, relatively low-throughput, and subjective, limiting phenotyping accuracy and population sizes in breeding and genetics studies. Here, we demonstrate the considerable power of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) or drone-based phenotyping as a high-throughput alternative to visual assessments for the complex phenological trait of lodging, which significantly impacts yield and quality in many crops including wheat. We tested and validated quantitative assessment of lodging on 2,640 wheat breeding plots over the course of 2 years using differential digital elevation models from UAS. High correlations of digital measures of lodging to visual estimates and equivalent broad-sense heritability demonstrate this approach is amenable for reproducible assessment of lodging in large breeding nurseries. Using these high-throughput measures to assess the underlying genetic architecture of lodging in wheat, we applied genome-wide association analysis and identified a key genomic region on chromosome 2A, consistent across digital and visual scores of lodging. However, these associations accounted for a very minor portion of the total phenotypic variance. We therefore investigated whole genome prediction models and found high prediction accuracies across populations and environments. This adequately accounted for the highly polygenic genetic architecture of numerous small effect loci, consistent with the previously described complex genetic architecture of lodging in wheat. Our study provides a proof-of-concept application of UAS-based phenomics that is scalable to tens-of-thousands of plots in breeding and genetic studies as will be needed to uncover the genetic factors and increase the rate of gain for complex traits in crop breeding.

Phenomics

Genetic architecture

Trait

Plant Breeding

10.3389/fpls.2019.00394

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Citations (130)