ABSTRACT Aim Porphyromonas gingivalis , a consensus periodontal pathogen, is thought to be involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, and P. gingivalis ‐derived outer membrane vesicles ( Pg OMVs) are a key toxic factor in inducing AD pathology. This study aimed to clarify the regulatory mechanism underlying the Pg OMV‐induced AD‐like phenotype. Materials and Methods We intraperitoneally injected Pg OMVs into the periphery of wild‐type and CatB knockout mice for 4 or 8 weeks to assess the effect of CatB on Pg OMV‐induced AD pathology. Mice were evaluated for cognitive change, tau phosphorylation, microglial activation, neuroinflammation and synapse loss. Microglial and primary neuron culture were prepared to verify the in vivo results. Results CatB deficiency significantly alleviated Pg OMV‐induced cognitive dysfunction, microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation, tau hyperphosphorylation and synapse loss. Subsequent transcriptomic analysis, immunofluorescence and immunoblotting suggested that CatB modulates microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation through stress‐activated protein kinases (SAPK)/Jun amino‐terminal kinases (JNK) signals after administration of Pg OMVs, which in turn regulates neuronal tau phosphorylation and synapse loss in a SAPK/JNK‐dependent manner. Conclusion Our study unveils a previously unknown role of CatB in regulating Pg OMV‐induced AD pathology.
This prospective study evaluated the short-term outcomes of 16 neonates undergoing single congenital omphalocele repair. Parents made informed choices for their baby to receive either immediate repair (IR group, n = 8) or repair ≥ 3 h after delivery (control group, n = 8). All babies were delivered by elective caesarian section. Babies in the two groups were matched one-to-one according to their birth weight, bulging volume and gestational age. Short-term outcomes included the incidence of infection and the lengths of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and in the hospital. Compared with the control group, the IR group showed a significantly lower incidence of infection, shorter surgical duration, shorter NICU stay, less time on total parenteral nutrition, less time to total enteral nutrition and shorter length of hospital stay. Immediate repair significantly improved the short-term neonatal outcomes of congenital omphalocele in China.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys the integrity of tooth-supporting tissue. Periodontitis is listed as a major oral disease by the World Health Organization and is a public-health problem affecting global oral and systemic health. The fourth national oral health epidemiological survey has revealed that periodontitis is one of the most common oral problems in China. With the development of science and medicine, increased attention is being paid to the importance of oral health and its influence on general health. Accordingly, stomatologists are required to master more relevant information on clinical diagnosis and treatment, as well as to pay more attention to the diagnosis and treatment methods of patients with different systemic diseases. This article expounds the diagnosis and treatment strategy of patients with systemic disease periodontitis. We aimed to help stomatologists make more reasonable diagnosis and treatment decisions.牙周炎是一种破坏牙齿支持组织完整性的慢性炎症性疾病，是影响全球口腔和系统健康的公共卫生问题。随着科学和医学的发展，口腔健康的重要性及其对全身健康的影响越来越受到关注。这就要求口腔科医生在临床诊疗工作中更加重视伴不同全身疾病患者的诊疗方法。本文就伴全身疾病牙周炎患者的诊疗策略进行阐述，旨在帮助口腔科医生制定更合理的诊疗决策。.
Abstract Background Perforator‐based free perforator flaps have become an important tool for the reconstruction of tissue defects. The effect of the number of perforators on the outcomes of perforator flaps has been widely debated. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of single‐ and multiple‐perforator‐based free perforator flaps in free‐flap reconstruction. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov between January 2000 and June 2021 to identify studies that reported data on the outcomes of free perforator flaps. Two authors individually extracted data and performed quality assessment. Outcomes, including partial flap loss, total loss, fat necrosis, arterial insufficiency, venous insufficiency, hemorrhage and hematoma, wound dehiscence at recipient sites and donor site complications, were evaluated. Results Thirty‐two studies with 2498 flaps were included in our analysis. No significant difference was found in the rates of partial loss and arterial insufficiency of flaps, hemorrhage and hematoma, wound dehiscence at recipient sites and donor site complications. However, the multiple‐perforator group showed significantly lower rates of total loss (relative risk [RR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–1.79, p = .754), fat necrosis (RR = 1.79, 95% [CI]: 1.36–2.36, p = .000) and venous insufficiency (RR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.07–2.79, p = .026) than the single‐perforator group. Conclusion The rates of total loss, fat necrosis and venous insufficiency in the multiple‐perforator group were lower than those in the single‐perforator group. Hence, we recommend that multiple perforators be included in the free perforator flap when appropriate, to yield better clinical outcomes in reconstruction.
Abstract Background Adequate flap volume is key to maintaining oral function after oral cancer surgery. This study aimed to evaluate changes in radial forearm free flap (RFFF) volumes after 1 year of follow‐up following ablative tumor surgery in the head and neck. Methods A prospective study that recorded the clinical data of 20 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent RFFF reconstruction. Magnetic resonance (MR) and Mimics Research 19.0 software were used to measure the RFFF volumes at 1, 3, 6, and 12 postoperative months. Results Compared with one postoperative month, the RFFF volume decreased by 15.5%, 29.4%, and 42.0% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively, after surgery. A significant positive correlation between postoperative radiotherapy and RFFF volume changes was detected. Conclusion The volume of RFFF decreases with time. It is recommended to use overcorrection, with a 40% increase in RFFF volume, to reconstruct head and neck tumor‐related defects.
To provide better therapeutic avenues for treating tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), a series of experiments about the effects of microRNA (miR)-532-3p on TSCC malignant behaviors were carried out. The result showed that miR-532-3p was down-regulated and C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) was up-regulated in the tumor tissues compared with those in the paired paratumor tissues. Further, expression of miR-532-3p was detected in four TSCC cell lines, TSCCA, TCA8113, CAL-27, and SCC-25. The miR-532-3p mimics and inhibitor were transfected into the CAL-27 and TCA8113 cell lines which were relatively lowest and highest miR-532-3p expression, respectively. It was found that the overexpression of miR-532-3p suppressed TSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis in vitro, whilst knockdown of miR-532-3p was reversed these behaviors. The bioinformatics predicted that CCR7 was a downstream gene of miR-532-3p, which was confirmed via luciferase assay. Following, the decline of CCR7 in the miR-532-3p mimics group and the rise of CCR7 in the miR-532-3p inhibitor group were also verified. In addition, enhanced cell proliferation, migration and invasion induced by CCR7 were partly restrained by miR-532-3p in TSCC cell. Meanwhile, miR-532-3p attenuated tumourigenesis in vivo due to the reduction of tumor volume and Ki-67 positive rate as well as the increase of apoptotic cells. Taken together, these findings reveal a pivotal role for miR-532-3p/CCR7 axis in regulating TSCC, and this novel axis could be suitable for therapeutic intervention in TSCC disease.
Objectives This study was conducted to identify the risk factors for free flap outcomes in head and neck reconstruction. Methods A retrospective review of 318 free flaps were used for head and neck reconstructions in 317 patients over seven years. The patient characteristics, surgical data, and flap outcomes were recorded. The impact of risk factors related on the outcomes of free flaps were analyzed using single and multivariate analysis. Results For single factor analysis, 295 free flaps for the first reconstruction were included. Hypertension and the type of recipient vein are associated with venous thrombosis ( P = .018, P = .047). Hypertension, type of free flap, recipient artery, and recipient vein were associated with the incidence of re-exploration ( P = .009, P = .011, P = .017, P = .021). Hypertension had an obvious effect on the flap survival ( P = .005). For multivariate analysis, hypertension (odds ratio = .166, 95% confidence interval: .043 – .636; P = .009) was a statistically significant risk factor for flap survival. For types of recipient artery and vein, selecting two venous anastomosis (one of IJVS and one of EJVS) had the minimum incidence of venous thrombosis (2.2%), and selecting facial artery, single vein (one of IJVS), and two veins (one of IJVS and one of EJVS) for anastomosis had lower incidence of re-exploration, which were 4.4%, 2.9%, and 6.0%, respectively ( P < .05). Conclusions Risk factors as hypertension, type of free flap, recipient artery and vein should be paid more attention in the free flaps for head and neck reconstructions. We believe proper measures will lead to better results in head and neck reconstruction.
Introduction: The main aim of this article is to discuss and summarize the research advancements and the treatment methods for sweat gland carcinoma (SGC) based on 2 cases of SGC in our hospital and the related literature. Case Report: This article presents 2 patients with SGC who were treated in the China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases from 2007 to 2019. We analyzed the clinical features, therapies, and prognosis of the patients and searched for related literatures. Discussion: Two patients underwent extended resection for local lesions with no adjuvant radiotherapy. Neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis was detected during follow-up. Reviewing previous literature, the treatment of SGC includes surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. We have not found an effective treatment. The prognosis of SGC occurred in head and neck is relatively good compared with another primary-site location, primary surgical excision with safe resection margins and neck dissection is recommended.
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