Objective We aimed to explore the geographic differences in psychological symptoms, sleep quality, and quality of life (QoL) among adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods A unified questionnaire was developed to collect data on psychological status and QoL of IBD patients from 42 hospitals across 22 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China's mainland from September 2021 to May 2022. Results A total of 2478 patients with IBD were surveyed. The proportions of patients with anxiety (28.5% vs 23.1%), depression (32.3% vs 27.8%), and poor QoL (44.8% vs 32.2%) were significantly higher in patients from the northern region compared to the southern region (all P < 0.05). In the western region, the proportions of patients with anxiety (31.9% vs 23.0%), depression (37.7% vs 26.7%), sleep disturbances (64.5% vs 58.5%), and poor QoL (44.9% vs 34.8%) were significantly higher than in the eastern and central regions (all P < 0.01). Patients from inland regions had significantly higher rates of anxiety (27.1% vs 23.3%), depression (32.5% vs 26.0%), sleep disturbance (62.0% vs 57.7%), and poor QoL (43.5% vs 29.9%) compared to those from coastal regions (all P < 0.05). In economically underdeveloped areas, the proportions of patients with depression (33.1% vs 28.5%) and poor QoL (52.0% vs 32.4%) were significantly higher than in economically (relatively) developed areas (both P < 0.05). Conclusion There are significant geographic differences in psychological symptoms, sleep quality, and QoL among Chinese patients with IBD, which might provide valuable insights for global IBD research and clinical practice.
The flow behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel for ship sheet in the strain rate ranging from 0.001 s-1 to 0.1s-1 and temperature ranging from 473K to 1073 K is studied on AG-10TA universal material testing machine. The results show that the 2205 duplex stainless steel is a strain rate sensitive material, and the flow stress increases with the increase of strain rate and decreases with the increase of temperature. The average elongation of the 2205 duplex stainless steel is above 25% with the temperature ranging from 473K-873K, and the elongation is above 47% at 1073K; At last, the flow stress constitutive equation is established based on the Browman model, which describes the flow stress behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel in the temperature ranging from 473K-873K. The curves predicted by the constitutive equation agreement with the experiment data well.
In this article, a FEM model of high-frequency induction bending with gravity is established and with which the heated temperature, stress, deformation, residual stress and bending angle after cooling, etc are studied on different thickness ship plate. The results show that the steel plate can be heated to 860 above the austenitic temperature. Heating temperature is gradually decreased as the thickness increase, while there is a fluctuation in the late. As the plate thickness increases, in mm, the bending angle of the plate gradually decreases, and gradually increases in 8mm14mm, and then decreases in the late. Under the given heating conditions, thin plate and the mm thick plate have the best result of deformation. The stress in heat area reaches to the yield stress of Q345, and promotes plastic deformation due to the role of heating temperature gradient and gravity. When the plate has cooled, the residual stress is mainly concentrated at the bottom of the coil.
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