Abstract Calciodelrioite, ideally Ca(VO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) 4 , is a new mineral (IMA 2012-031) from the uraniumvanadium deposits of the eastern Colorado Plateau in the USA. The type locality is the West Sunday mine, Slick Rock district, San Miguel County, Colorado. The new mineral occurs on fracture surfaces in corvusite- and montroseite-impregnated sandstone and forms as a result of the oxidative alteration of these phases. At the West Sunday mine, calciodelrioite is associated with celestine, gypsum, huemulite, metarossite, pascoite and rossite. The mineral occurs as transparent colourless needles, bundles of tan to brown needles and star bursts of nearly black broad blades composed of tightly intergrown needles. Crystals are elongate and striated parallel to [100], exhibiting the prismatic forms {001} and {011} and having terminations possibly composed of the forms {100} and {61 }. The mineral is transparent and has a white streak, subadamantine lustre, Mohs hardness of about 2½, brittle tenacity, irregular to splintery fracture, one perfect cleavage on {001} and possibly one or more additional cleavages parallel to [100]. Calciodelrioite is soluble in water. The calculated density is 2.451 g cm – 3 . It is optically biaxial (+) with α = 1.733(3), β = 1.775(3), γ = 1.825(3) (white light), 2V meas = 87.3(9)° and 2Vcalc = 87°. The optical orientation is X = b; Z ≈ a. No pleochroism was observed. Electronmicroprobe analyses of two calciodelrioite samples and type delrioite provided the empirical formulae (Ca 0.88 Sr 0.07 Na 0.04 K 0.01 ) Σ1.00 (V 1.00 O 3 ) 2 (H 2.01 O) 4 , (Ca 0.76 Sr 0.21 Na 0.01 ) Σ0.98 (V 1.00 O 3 )2(H 2.01 O) 4 and (Sr 0.67 Ca 0.32 ) Σ0.99 (V 1.00 O 3 ) 2 (H 2.00 O) 4 , respectively. Calciodelrioite is monoclinic, I2/a, with unit-cell parameters a = 14.6389(10), b = 6.9591(4), c = 17.052(2) Å, β = 102.568(9)°, V = 1695.5(3) Å 3 and Z = 8. The seven strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [listed as d obs Å (I)(hkl)] are as follows: 6.450(100)(011); 4.350(16)(013); 3.489(18)(020); 3.215(17)(022); 3.027(50)(multiple); 2.560(28)( 15,413); 1.786(18)(028). In the structure of calciodelrioite (refined to R 1 = 3.14% for 1216 Fo > 4σF), V 5+ O 5 polyhedra link by sharing edges to form a zigzag divanadate [VO 3 ] chain along a, similar to that in the structure of rossite. The chains are linked via bonds to Ca atoms, which also bond to H 2 O groups, yielding CaO 3 (H 2 O) 6 polyhedra. The Ca polyhedra form a chain along b. Each of the two symmetrically independent VO 5 polyhedra has two short vanadyl bonds and three long equatorial bonds. Calciodelrioite and delrioite are isostructural and are the endmembers of the series Ca(VO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) 4 –Sr(VO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) 4 . Calciodelrioite is dimorphous with rossite, which has a similar structure; however, the smaller 8-coordinate Ca site in rossite does not accommodate Sr.
ABSTRACT Mineral species that contain the decavanadate isopolyanion [V10O28]6–, including its protonated and mixed-valence variants, constitute the pascoite family of minerals. Within the pascoite family, the isostructural minerals pascoite and magnesiopascoite form the pascoite group and the isostructural minerals lasalite and ammoniolasalite form the lasalite group. Rakovanite, which was originally assigned the ideal formula Na3[H3V10O28]·15H2O, is redefined with the ideal formula (NH4)3Na3[V10O28]·12H2O.
Abstract The new mineral uranoclite (IMA2020-074), (UO 2 ) 2 (OH) 2 Cl 2 (H 2 O) 4 , was found in the Blue Lizard mine, San Juan County, Utah, USA, where it occurs as tightly intergrown aggregates of irregular yellow crystals in a secondary assemblage with gypsum. The streak is very pale yellow and the fluorescence is bright green–white under 405 nm ultraviolet light. Crystals are translucent with vitreous lustre. The tenacity is brittle, the Mohs hardness is ~1½, the fracture is irregular. The mineral is soluble in H 2 O and has a calculated density of 4.038 g⋅cm –3 . Electron microprobe analyses provided (UO 2 ) 2 (OH) 2.19 Cl 1.81 (H 2 O) 4 . The six strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [ d obs Å( I )( hkl )]: 8.85(38)(002), 5.340(100)(200, 110), 5.051(63)( $\bar{2}$ 02), 4.421(83)(112, 004, 202), 3.781(38)( $\bar{2}$ 12) and 3.586(57)(014, $\bar{2}$ 04). Uranoclite is monoclinic, P 2 1 / n , a = 10.763(8), b = 6.156(8), c = 17.798(8) Å, β = 95.656(15)°, V = 1173.5(18) Å 3 and Z = 4. The structure is the same as that of synthetic (UO 2 ) 2 (OH) 2 Cl 2 (H 2 O) 4 in which the structural unit is a dimer consisting of two pentagonal bipyramids that share an equatorial OH–OH edge. The dimers are linked to one another only by hydrogen bonding. This is the second known uranyl mineral containing essential Cl and the first in which Cl coordinates to U 6+ .
Bluestreakite, K4Mg2(V4+2V5+8O28)·14H2O, is a new mineral species from the Blue Streak mine, Bull Canyon, Montrose County, Colorado, USA. Bluestreakite typically occurs as irregular polycrystalline coatings on rounded quartz grains or masses of montroseite, and rarely as tablets or blades. It grows on corvusite-montroseite-bearing sandstone blocks intimately associated with gypsum, huemulite, hummerite, metamunirite, and munirite. Bluestreakite is dark greenish blue, with a light blue streak. The mineral is transparent, with a subadamantine luster. Bluestreakite does not fluoresce in short- or long-wave ultraviolet radiation, and it has a hardness ca . 2. Bluestreakite has a brittle tenacity, irregular fracture, and no cleavage. Density (calc.) = 2.630 g⋅cm−3 based on the empirical formula and single-crystal cell data. Bluestreakite is biaxial (–), with α 1.750(5), β 1.800(5), γ 1.829 (calc.) (white light); 2 V meas. = 73(3)°. Optic orientation is Z = b ( X and Y not determined). The pleochroism is slight, with X 01), 8.27(100)(011,101), 7.90(21)(110), and 1.9814(22)(![Formula][2] 17,![Formula][3] 17). The atomic arrangement of bluestreakite was solved and refined to R 1 = 0.0339 for 7395 independent reflections with F > 4σ ( F ). The structural unit in bluestreakite is a partially reduced decavanadate group, with an ideal composition of [(V4+2V5+8)O28]8−; charge balance in the structure is maintained by the [K4Mg2⋅14H2O]8+ interstitial complex. The interstitial complex is formed of irregular K1[O4(H2O)4] and K2[O6(H2O)3] polyhedra, and a Mg(H2O)6 octahedron. Bonding between the interstitial complex and the structural unit takes place through direct bonding of the K1 and K2 atoms of the interstitial complex with the oxygen atoms of the structural unit, as well as extensive hydrogen bonding.
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Abstract Mesaite (IMA2015-069), ideally (V 2 O 7 ) 3 ·12H 2 O, is a new mineral from the Packrat mine, Gateway district, Mesa County, Colorado, USA. Crystals of mesaite occur as orangish red blades up to 0.1 mm long and ∼10 μm thick. The streak is light pinkish orange and the lustre is vitreous, transparent. Mesaite has a brittle tenacity, {010} perfect cleavage; fracture is irregular, and no parting was observed. The mineral has a Mohs hardness ≈ 2. The measured density of mesaite is 2.74(1) g cm –3 . Mesaite is biaxial (–), α = 1.760(calc), β = 1.780(5), γ = 1.795(5) in white light; the measured 2V value = 81(2)°. Dispersion is strong, r < v , and pleochroism is present in shades of brownish orange. Mesaite is monoclinic, P 2/ n , with a = 9.146(2), b = 10.424(3), c = 15.532(4) Å, β = 102.653(7)° and V = 1444.7(6) Å 3 . The strongest four diffraction lines in the powder diffraction pattern are [( d obs in Å, ( I obs ), ( hkl )]: 10.47 (100) (010), 2.881 (25) (132, 3̄12, 033, 310), 3.568 (24) (1̄14, 1̄23, 2̄13), 3.067 (17) (1̄24, 1̄32, 2̄23). The composition of mesaite was determined by electron microprobe, and yielded an empirical formula of Mn 5.32 Ca 0.56 Zn 0.31 V 5.96 As 0.04 O 33 H 23.61 on the basis of 33 O atoms per formula unit (apfu). The atomic arrangement of mesaite was solved and refined to R 1 = 0.0600. The structure is formed of zigzag octahedral chains of edge-sharing Mn 2+ O 6 octahedra. Oxygen atoms of the octahedra are shared with V 2 O 7 groups, which link with adjacent octahedral chains to form {010} heteropolyhedral layers. The interlayer region contains Ca atoms and H 2 O groups. Each Ca bonds to two O6 atoms in the heteropolyhedral layer and to two fully occupied and six partially occupied O (H 2 O) sites in the interlayer, resulting in an effective Ca coordination of approximately seven. Similar zigzag chains of edge-sharing MnO 6 octahedra decorated with V 2 O 7 groups are also found in the mineral fianelite. Mesaite has beenapproved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA2015-069). The name mesaite is conferred for Mesa County, Colorado, USA.
Rietveldite (IMA2016-081), Fe(UO 2 )(SO 4 ) 2 •5H 2 O, is a new uranyl sulfate mineral described from three localities: Giveaway-Simplot mine (Utah, USA), Willi Agatz mine (Saxony, Germany) and Jáchymov (Western Bohemia, Czech Republic).The mineral rarely occurs in blades up to 0.5 mm long, in association with other post-mining supergene uranyl sulfates and U-free sulfates.Rietveldite is orthorhombic, space group Pmn2 1 , a = 12.9577( 9), b = 8.3183(3), c = 11.2971(5)Å, V = 1217.7(1)Å 3 and Z = 4. Thin blades are elongated on [001] and flattened on {010}.Rietveldite is brownish yellow; powdery aggregates have yellowish beige color; and it has a white streak.It does not exhibit fluorescence under either long-or short-wave UV.It is transparent to translucent with a vitreous luster.Crystals are brittle, with curved fracture and Mohs hardness ~2.Cleavage is good on {010}, and fair on {100} and {001}.Rietveldite is easily soluble in room-temperature H 2 O.The density is 3.31 g/cm 3 .Rietveldite is optically biaxial (+), with α = 1.570(1), β = 1.577(1) and γ = 1.586(1) (white light); 2V calc.= 83.3°,2V meas.= 82(1)°.Dispersion is very strong (r > v).Rietveldite exhibits barely noticeable pleochroism in shades of light brownish yellow color, Y < X ≈ Z.The optical orientation is X = b, Y = a, Z = c.Chemical analyses for rietveldite from Giveaway-Simplot (WDS, 4 spots on 2 crystals) provided FeO 9.56, ZnO 1.06, MgO 0.14, MnO 0.10, SO 3 26.99,UO 3 47.32,H 2 O (calc.) 15.39, total 100.56 wt.%, which yields the empirical formula (Fe 0.79 Zn 0.08 Mg 0.02 Mn 0.01 ) Σ0.90 (UO 2 ) 0.99 (SO 4 ) 2.01 •5.10H 2 O (based on 15 O apfu).Prominent features in the Raman and infrared spectra include the O-H stretching vibrations, symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrations of (UO 2 ) 2+ ion, and stretching and bending vibrations of symmetrically non-equivalent (SO 4 ) 2-groups.The eight strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [d obs Å (I rel. ) (hkl)]: 8.309(34)(010), 6.477(100) (200), 5.110(58)(210), 4.668(48) (012), 4.653(36)(211), 3.428(41)(013), 3.341(33)(221), 3.238(49)(400).The crystal structure of rietveldite (R 1 = 0.037 for 2396 reflections with I obs > 2σ[I]) contains infinite uranyl sulfate chains of composition [(UO 2 )(SO 4 ) 2 (H 2 O)] 2-along [001].The adjacent chains are linked in the [100] direction by FeO 6 octahedra, which share vertices with SO 4 tetrahedra resulting in a heteropolyhedral sheet parallel to {010}; adjacent sheets are linked by hydrogen bonding only.The uranyl sulfate chains are the same as those in the structures of several other uranyl sulfate minerals.Rietveldite is named for Hugo M. Rietveld (1932Rietveld ( -2016)).
ABSTRACT The new mineral markeyite (IMA2016-090), Ca 9 (UO 2 ) 4 (CO 3 ) 13 ·28H 2 O, was found in the Markey mine, San Juan County, Utah, USA, where it occurs as a secondary phase on asphaltum in association with calcite, gypsum and natrozippeite. The mineral is pale yellowish-green with white streak and fluoresces bright bluish white under a 405 nm laser. Crystals are transparent and have vitreous to pearly lustre. It is brittle, with Mohs hardness 1½ to 2, irregular fracture and three cleavages: perfect on {001}; good on {100} and {010}. The measured density is 2.68 g cm –3 . Crystals are blades, flattened on {001} and elongate on [010], exhibiting the forms {100}, {010}, {001}, {110}, {101}, {011} and {111}. Markeyite is optically biaxial (–) with α = 1.538(2), β = 1.542(2) and γ = 1.545(2) (white light); the measured 2V is 81(2)°; the dispersion is r < v (weak); the optical orientation is X = c , Y = b , Z = a ; and pleochroism is X = light greenish yellow, Y and Z = light yellow ( X > Y ≈ Z ). Electron microprobe analyses (energy-dispersive spectroscopy mode) yielded CaO 18.60, UO 3 42.90, CO 2 21.30 (calc.) and H 2 O 18.78 (calc.), total 101.58 wt.% and the empirical formula Ca 8.91 (U 1.01 O 2 ) 4 (CO 3 ) 13 ·28H 2 O. The six strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [ d obs Å( I )( hkl )]: 10.12(69)(001), 6.41(91)(220,121), 5.43(100)(221), 5.07(33)(301,002,131), 4.104(37)(401,141) and 3.984(34)(222). Markeyite is orthorhombic, Pmmn , a = 17.9688(13), b = 18.4705(6), c = 10.1136(4) Å, V = 3356.6(3) Å 3 and Z = 2. The structure of markeyite ( R 1 = 0.0435 for 3427 F o > 4σ F ) contains uranyl tricarbonate clusters (UTC) that are linked by Ca–O polyhedra forming thick corrugated heteropolyhedral layers. Included within the layers is an additional disordered CO 3 group linking the Ca–O polyhedra. The layers are linked to one another and to interlayer H 2 O groups only via hydrogen bonds. The structure bears some similarities to that of liebigite.
Abstract Ebnerite and epiebnerite, both with the ideal formula NH 4 ZnPO 4 , are new mineral species from the Rowley mine, Maricopa County, Arizona, USA. They occur in an unusual bat-guano-related, post-mining assemblage of phases. Epiebnerite grows epitactically on ebnerite and replaces it. Ebnerite and epiebnerite are found in intimate association with alunite, halite, mimetite, newberyite, sampleite, struvite and wulfenite on hematite-rich quartz–baryte matrix. Crystals of ebnerite are colourless narrow prisms up to ~0.3 mm in length. The streak is white, lustre is vitreous, Mohs hardness is ~2, tenacity is brittle and fracture is splintery. The density is 2.78(2) g⋅cm –3 . Ebnerite is optically uniaxial (–) with ω = 1.585(2) and ɛ = 1.575(2). Epiebnerite occurs as colourless prisms or blades, up to about 10 × 3 × 2 μm, in parallel growth forming ribs with serrated edges epitactic on ebnerite prisms. The streak is white, lustre is vitreous, Mohs hardness is probably ~2, tenacity is brittle. The calculated density is 2.851 g⋅cm –3 . Epiebnerite is optically biaxial with all indices of refraction near 1.580. Electron microprobe analysis gave the empirical formula [(NH 4 ) 0.89 K 0.06 ] Σ0.95 (Zn 0.96 Cu 0.07 ) Σ1.03 [(P 0.97 Si 0.03 ) Σ1.00 O 4 ] for ebnerite and [(NH 4 ) 0.67 K 0.28 ] Σ0.95 (Zn 0.99 Cu 0.02 ) Σ1.02 (P 1.00 O 4 ) for epiebnerite. Ebnerite is hexagonal, P 6 3 , with a = 10.67051(16), c = 8.7140(2) Å, V = 859.25(3) Å 3 and Z = 8. Epiebnerite is monoclinic, P 2 1 , with a = 8.796(16), b = 5.457(16), c = 8.960(16) Å, β = 90.34(6)°, V = 430.1(17) Å 3 and Z = 4. The structures of ebnerite ( R 1 = 0.0372 for 1168 I o > 2σ I reflections) and epiebnerite (known from synthetic monoclinic NH 4 ZnPO 4 ) are zeolite-like frameworks based upon corner-sharing linkages between alternating ZnO 4 and PO 4 tetrahedra with channels in the frameworks hosting the NH 4 groups. The two structures are topologically distinct. Ebnerite belongs to the family of ‘stuffed derivatives’ of tridymite, whereas epiebnerite possesses an ABW-type zeolite structure.
ABSTRACT Redcanyonite (IMA2016-082), (NH 4 ) 2 Mn[(UO 2 ) 4 O 4 (SO 4 ) 2 ](H 2 O) 4 , occurs underground in the Blue Lizard mine, Red Canyon, White Canyon district, San Juan County, Utah, USA. It occurs with natrozippeite, brochantite, devilline, posnjakite, johannite, gypsum, bobcookite, pickeringite, pentahydrite and the NH 4 -analogue of zippeite: ammoniozippeite. Redcanyonite occurs as radial aggregates of red–orange needles and blades individually reaching up to 0.2 mm long, with aggregates measuring up to 1 mm in diameter. Crystals are flattened on {010} and elongated along [100], exhibit perfect cleavage on {010}, and exhibit the forms {010}, {001}, {101} and {10 $\bar{1}$ }. Twinning is ubiquitous, by 180° rotation on [100]. Redcanyonite is translucent with a pale orange streak, is non-fluorescent, has a Mohs hardness of 2, and has brittle tenacity with uneven fracture. Optically, redcanyonite is biaxial (+), α = 1.725(3), β = 1.755(3), γ = 1.850(5) (white light); 2V (meas.) = 60(2)°, 2V (calc.) = 61.3°; and dispersion is r < v , very strong. Pleochroism is: X = orange, Y = yellow and Z = orange; Y << X < Z . The optical orientation is X = b , Y ≈ c *, Z ≈ a . The empirical formula is (NH 4 ) 2.02 (Mn 0.49 Cu 0.09 Zn 0.06 ) Σ0.64 H + 0.72 [(UO 2 ) 4 O 4 (S 0.99 P 0.01 O 4 ) 2 ](H 2 O) 4 , based on 4 U and 24 O apfu. Redcanyonite is monoclinic, C 2 /m , a = 8.6572(17), b = 14.155(3), c = 8.8430(19) Å, β = 104.117(18)°, V = 1050.9(4) Å 3 and Z = 2. The structure was refined to R 1 = 0.0382 for 1079 reflections with I obs > 3σ I . Uranyl oxo-sulfate sheets in redcanyonite adopt the well-known zippeite topology, which consists of zigzag chains of uranyl pentagonal bipyramids linked by sulfate tetrahedra to form sheets. The sheets are linked to each other through bonds to interlayer NH 4 + groups and octahedrally coordinated Mn 2+ , and by hydrogen bonds from H 2 O groups. Redcanyonite is named for Red Canyon in southeast Utah, USA.
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