Digvijay Singh

Uttaranchal University

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Rohit Saxena

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Vimla Menon

Centre for Sight

Rubina Chaudhary

Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya

Dharam Buddhi

Uttaranchal University

Mohan Rawat

Chameli Devi Group of Institutions

Surendra Poonia

Central Arid Zone Research Institute

B. S. Rawat

Uttaranchal University

Tushar Arun Mohanty

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

Nitesh Kushwaha

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University

Pradeep Sharma

Centre for Sight

Cooperative Institutions

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur

Centre for Sight

Creative Commons

Banaras Hindu University

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Lovely Professional University

Central Agricultural University

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University

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Study of Genetic Divergence in Lowland Rice Genotypes of Bihar

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences (2020)

Nitesh Kushwaha Ravi Kant Rajesh Kumar Nilan jaya Ruchika Chhaya

The present experimental work was carried out at Rice Breeding Section, Pusa, Samastipur, with twenty-two lowland genotypes which were shown in R.B.D. style and were analysed for genetic divergence with the help of Mahalanobis’s D2 statistics.Twenty-two genotypes of rice were grouped into six clusters using Tocher’s method. The cluster I consists of maximum number of genotypes forming the largest cluster followed by cluster VI having three genotypes. The intra cluster distance ranged from 0.00 to 84.45. The inter cluster distance ranged from 52. to 282.49.Thehighest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster VI (84.85) followed by Cluster Ι (67.75). Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster ΙΙΙ and Cluster ΙV followed by cluster ΙΙΙ and cluster ΙV. Per cent contribution of 15 characters and towards total genetic divergence was found maximum for 1000 grain weight (35.5 per cent) followed by days to flowering (22.08 per cent), grain length (17.32 per cent). It was observed that 1000 grain weight ranked 1st maximum times (82) followed by days to flowering (51), grain length (40), plant height (36).The genotype in cluster III and cluster IV due to maximum inter cluster distance between them, exhibited high degree of genetic diversity and thus may be utilized in future for heterosis breeding programme for getting high yielding recombinants.

Genetic divergence

Mahalanobis distance

Divergence (linguistics)

10.20546/ijcmas.2020.902.011

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Citations (6)

Retracted: Cluster based Routing Protocol Design using Neural Networks for Wireless Sensor Networks

2022 IEEE 2nd Mysore Sub Section International Conference (MysuruCon) (2022)

Digvijay Singh B. S. Rawat

The importance of research into wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has increased with the growing number of Internet of Things applications. The wireless nodes dispersed throughout the WSN have restricted communication capabilities due to their low energy. Because it takes a lot of work to change the batteries in a lot of nodes, the primary purpose of WSNs is to gather more data from targets in an energy-efficient manner. As the nodes would be inaccessible in the low energy stage, an energy-efficient routing protocol must be designed for the high energy consumed-based WSNs. This article details our efforts to develop a novel wireless sensor network (WSN) routing protocol based on neural networks (NNs). Our presented algorithm, that could outperform the traditional WSNs routing protocol, is based upon energy usage to control communications among nodes and the base station (BS).To optimize the power consumption of nodes, a hierarchy clustering-based routing protocol is first suggested. The number of nodes in the data transmission is then adaptively controlled by a distributed alternation of operating modes. When compared to standard routing protocols, the modelling and experimental findings show that the proposed protocol can extend the maximum lifetime of WSNs.

Zone Routing Protocol

Hierarchical routing

10.1109/mysurucon55714.2022.9972533

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Investigating energy and security trade-offs in the classroom with the atom LEAP testbed

USENIX Security Symposium (2011)

Peter A. Petérson Digvijay Singh William J. Kaiser Peter Reiher

We recently used the Atom LEAP as the foundation for CS 188, an undergraduate research seminar investigating potential trade-offs between security and energy consumption in a hypothetical, battery-powered tablet device. Twenty-three students, in five groups, researched the energy costs of full disk encryption, network cryptography, and sandboxing techniques, as well as the potential savings from two concepts: offloading security computation, and enabling user-level applications to modulate their security behavior based on battery capacity and environmental security. The Atom LEAP is an exciting and powerful tool. A self-contained energy measurement platform, it can generate 10,000 component-level power samples per second during runtime. The Atom LEAP synchronizes individual samples to the time stamp counter of the Intel Atom CPU, allowing us to measure small code segments in the kernel or in user space. The success of CS 188 was possible because of the Atom LEAP's unique capabilities and ease of use. Following the success of the class, we are working to improve the hardware and software tools, in the hope that the Atom LEAP might someday become a widespread tool for energy research and education.

Testbed

User space

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Citations (19)

Response to comment on: Ethambutol toxicity: Expert panel consensus for the primary prevention, diagnosis, and management of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (2022)

Rohit Saxena Digvijay Singh Swati Phuljhele Vivekanandan Kalaiselvan Satya Karna

Dear Editor, We thank the author for taking interest in our article and raising vital issues.[1] The two publications of the Indian Neuro-Ophthalmology Research Group (INOSRG) regarding ethambutol toxicity aim at increasing awareness among physicians and ophthalmologists.[23] The current document provides guidelines about the screening, diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of ethambutol toxicity.[2] We agree that diagnosis of the toxicity is mainly clinical and does not require OCT, which when available may be useful to pick up early damage due to the toxicity. It is essential that all the peripheral centers should at least be equipped with basic tools: a visual acuity chart and Ishihara booklet. INOSRG noted that most of the patients are not aware of the side effects of ethambutol and not many physicians find it pertinent to send patients for baseline examination before starting the medication. The author may refer to our publication that provides the measures to increase awareness and screening means that can be used at various levels.[3] Its recommendations include the following:[3] Identification and baseline ophthalmic examination of high-risk patients. Sensitize community health workers (CHWs), such as ASHA, who are involved in the TB program, about the side effects. Inquire the patient about any visual complaints such as a decrease in vision or color perception on follow-up. Physicians, if feasible, can have a visual acuity chart at their clinic where screening is possible. Physicians and CHWs should make patients aware of the visual side effects of ethambutol so that they can seek help at the earliest. With the inclusion of ethambutol as a part of the continuation phase in the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program, 2016, it becomes essential for ophthalmologists to increase vigilance and sensitize physicians about this preventable drug-induced vision loss that adds to the misery of the patient. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.

10.4103/ijo.ijo_88_22

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Technoeconomic evaluation of insulated building integrated photovoltaic system as a building envelope

Materials Today Proceedings (2023)

Digvijay Singh Mohan Rawat Dharam Buddhi

Building Integrated Photovoltaics

Facade

Building envelope

Payback period

10.1016/j.matpr.2023.02.139

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Ethambutol toxicity: Expert panel consensus for the primary prevention, diagnosis and management of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (2021)

Rohit Saxena Digvijay Singh Swati Phuljhele Vivekanandan Kalaiselvan Satya Karna

Ethambutol use may lead to permanent vision loss by inducing a dose- and duration-dependent optic neuropathy. This has been of concern to ophthalmologists and physicians both; however, ethambutol continues to be used because of its anti-mycobacterial action with relative systemic safety. Recently, the guidelines of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme of India have been revised to allow for fixed dose and longer duration of ethambutol use; this is likely to result in an increase in vision-threatening adverse effects. Taking cognizance of this, neuro-ophthalmologists, infectious disease specialists, and scientists met under the aegis of the Indian Neuro-Ophthalmology Society to deliberate on prevention, early diagnosis, and management of ethambutol-related toxic optic neuropathy. The recommendations made by the expert group focus on early suspicion of ethambutol toxicity through screening at the physician’s office and opportunistic screening by the ophthalmologist. Further, they focus on an early diagnosis through identification of specific clinical biomarkers and on management in way of early stoppage of the drug and supportive therapy. This statement also describes the mechanism of reporting a case of toxic optic neuropathy through the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India and emphasizes the need for spreading awareness regarding vision-threatening adverse effects among patients and healthcare workers.

10.4103/ijo.ijo_3746_20

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Citations (26)

Evaluation of antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis and Centella asiatica

Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries (2022)

Digvijay Singh Tholung Fewly Lamkang

The study was focussed around green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using methanol, ethanol and chloroform solvent leaf extract of Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis and Centella asiatica and testing their antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using 1ml of extract sample dissolved in 9 ml of 0.002 M silver nitrate solution and were confirmed by UV–Visible spectrophotometer. The characterization was done by using Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope and Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy. The antioxidant potential, cellular toxicity and bactericidal activity of silver nanoparticles was examined. The results revealed that the synthesized herbal silver nanoparticles were crystalline in nature form, average particle size for P. thyrsiformis was 46 nm whereas 42 nm for C. asiatica and were spherical in shape. The DPPH assay confirmed that the C. asiatica silver nanoparticles have more antioxidant activity as compared to P. thyrsiformis. The synthesized herbal nanoparticles exhibited strong bacteriostatic potential against all the tested bacterial strains. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded against E. coli and B. subtilis in C. asiatica silver nanoparticles at 100 μg/ml concentrations. The strong antioxidant and bactericidal potential of herbal nanoparticles might be contributed to immobilization of bioactive molecules present in plant solvent extracts onto the surface of nanoparticles.

Centella

Silver nanoparticle

Silver nitrate

10.5958/0975-6892.2022.00019.3

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Building Integrated Photovoltaics 4.0: Digitization of the Photovoltaic Integration in Buildings for a Resilient Infra at Large Scale

Electronics (2022)

Digvijay Singh Shaik Vaseem Akram Rajesh Singh Anita Gehlot D. Buddhi

Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems have gained a lot of attention in recent years as they support the United Nations’ sustainable development goals of renewable energy generation and construction of resilient infrastructure. To make the BIPV system infra resilient, there is a need to adopt digital technologies such as the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), edge computing, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and robotics. In this study, the current challenges in the BIPV system, such as the rise in the temperature of the PV modules, the occurrence of various faults, and the accumulation of dust particles over the module surface, have been identified and discussed based on the previous literature. To overcome the challenges, the significance and application of the integration of these digital technologies in the BIPV system are discussed along with the proposed architecture. Finally, the study discusses the vital recommendations for future directions, such as ML and DL for image enhancement and flaws detection in real-time image data; edge computing to implement DL for intelligent BIPV data analytics; fog computing for 6G assisted IoT network in BIPV; edge computing integration in UAV for intelligent automation and detection; augmented reality, virtual reality, and digital twins for virtual BIPV systems with research challenges of real-time implementation in the BIPV.

Building Integrated Photovoltaics

Digitization

10.3390/electronics11172700

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Citations (28)

Performance of PV integrated wall and roof as a building material

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering (2021)

Digvijay Singh Mohan Rawat S. P. Singh Rubina Chaudhary

Abstract The performance of the Photovoltaic (PV) module as a building material is analyzed by predicting the hourly variation in the room temperature compared to base case (conventional material). A computer simulation model of Fourier admittance method is used for the analysis. The average temperature fluctuation of PV roof and PV wall building compared to base case is 6.58°C and for PV wall 2.91°C respectively. The total daily energy generation from PV wall is found in the range of 6.7 kWh to 11.86 kWh, for PV roof its 17.24 kWh to 22 kWh. Due to temperature fluctuation the max additional daily cooling load obtained in PV roof case is 94.7 kWh and 41.97 kWh for PV wall.

Admittance

Cooling load

10.1088/1757-899x/1033/1/012005

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Citations (10)

MEASURING RELIABILITY OF n-CASCADE SYSTEM UNDER RANDOM STRESS ATTENTION

Digvijay Singh

In this paper the author has considered the system reliability of n-cascade system with stress following normal distribution and strength following exponential distribution. They concluded that even for fewer values of stress and strength parameter a high reliability could be high degree of reliability. KEYWORD: Cascade system, survival function, standby system.

Reliability theory

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Citations (3)