Cristián Escauriaza

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

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Pablo Pastén

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Jorge Gironás

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Fotis Sotiropoulos

Virginia Commonwealth University

Luca Mao

University of Lincoln

Gonzalo Pizarro

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Christian González

Diego Portales University

María Teresa Contreras

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Emmanuel Mignot

Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique

Paula Guerra

Federico Santa María Technical University

David H. Richter

University of Notre Dame

Cooperative Institutions

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Research Center for Integrated Disaster Risk Management

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

University of Notre Dame

University of Concepción

Centre For Sustainable Urban Development

Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique

Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon

The University of Texas at Austin

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Models of bed-load transport across scales: turbulence signature from grain motion to sediment flux

Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (2022)

Cristián Escauriaza Christian González Megan E. Williams Wernher Brevis

Temporal scales

10.1007/s00477-022-02333-9

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Citations (2)

Understanding Salinity Intrusion and Residence Times in a Small-Scale Bar-Built Estuary under Drought Scenarios: The Maipo River Estuary, Central Chile

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (2024)

Karina Soto-Rivas Raúl P. Flores Megan E. Williams Cristián Escauriaza

The Maipo River estuary is a low-inflow bar-built estuary that includes a protected wetland, which harbors a rich ecosystem. The estuary and wetland have been threatened by a persistent drought for more than a decade, which has resulted in greater salinity intrusion and increased residence times. Previous studies have described salinity and pollutants in estuaries; however, almost all have focused on deeper and/or wider estuaries with dimensions much larger than those of the small-scale Maipo River estuary. In this study, we used the numerical model FVCOM to simulate the dynamics of the Maipo River estuary under drought scenarios and explored the interactions between river discharge and tides in terms of saline intrusion and particle dispersal. The model was validated against observations collected during a field campaign near the river mouth. The simulations successfully reproduced the water surface elevation but underestimated salinity values, such that the vertical salinity structure observed in the field was not captured by the model in this shallow and morphologically complex estuary. Consequently, our model results provide qualitative insight related to salinity and baroclinic dynamics. Results of maximum saline intrusion showed an exponential decay with increasing river discharge, and the analysis of salinity intrusion time series revealed that droughts may cause permanent non-zero salinity levels in the estuary, potentially affecting ecological cycles. The incorporation of passive tracers showed that decreasing river discharge increases the residence time of particles by allowing the tracers to re-enter the estuary. Model results showed the formation of accumulation zones (hotspots) in the shallower zones of the estuary.

Freshwater inflow

Saltwater intrusion

Discharge

Meander (mathematics)

10.3390/jmse12071162

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A Snapshot of Turbulence in the Northeastern Strait of Magellan

Authorea (Authorea) (2022)

Iossif Lozovatsky Cristián Escauriaza Leandro Suarez Harindra J. S. Fernando Megan E. Williams

First-ever measurements of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate in the northeastern Strait of Magellan (Segunda Angostura region) taken in March 2019 are reported here. At the time of microstructure measurements, the magnitude of the reversing tidal current ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 ms-1. The probability distribution of the TKE dissipation rate in the water interior above the bottom boundary layer was lognormal with a high median value εmed =1.2x10-6 Wkg-1. Strong vertical shear, (1-2)x10-2 s-1 in the weakly stratified water interior ensued a sub-critical gradient Richardson number, Ri<10-1-10-2. In the bottom boundary layer (BBL), the vertical shear and the TKE dissipation rate both decreased exponentially with the distance from the seafloor ζ, leading to a turbulent regime with the eddy viscosity KM~10-3 m2/s, which varied with the time and location, while being independent of the vertical coordinate in the upper part of BBL (for ζ>~2 meters above the bottom).

Richardson number

Stratification (seeds)

Seafloor Spreading

10.22541/essoar.167065827.75578606/v1

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Citations (1)

The fate of arsenic in sediments formed at a river confluence affected by acid mine drainage

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2012)

Paula Guerra Pablo Pastén Gonzalo Pizarro Kyle Simonson Cristián Escauriaza

Confluence

Acid Mine Drainage

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