The number of ceramic materials with a perovskite type structure is large and of considerable technological importance due to their rich crystal chemistry and structure-property relationships. Applications include multilayer capacitators, piezoelectric transducers, PTC thermistors, electrooptical modulators, optical switches, dielectric resonators, thick film resistors, electronic sensors, electrorestrictive actuators, magnetic bubble memory devices, laser host materials, ferromagnetic materials, refractory electrodes, second harmonic generators, batteries, ceramic electrodes, thermoelectric devices, and high temperature superconductors. This volume contains papers on the research and development of new perovskite materials for various applications including doping of existing perovskite materials as well as processing for improved properties.
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of Ba{sub 2}YCu{sub 3}O{sub 7-x} using conventional platinum cells yields a series of well-defined reversible thermal events between 850 and 1000{degree}C. At least one of these is interpreted as being due to the products of platinum reaction. However, changes in slope are also observe on TGA curves taken using non-reactive MgO cells. The other thermal events may therefore represent minor phase changes in Ba{sub 2}YCu{sub 3}O{sub 7-x} in response to variations in temperature/stoichiometry.
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
We present electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity for low alkali content NaSi/sub 36/, and compare it to the "fully loaded" Cs/sub 8/Na/sub 16/Si/sub 136/. Our results show that the electrical resistivities of the high and low alkali content materials differ greatly. Na/sub 1/Si/sub 136/ possesses a low thermal conductivity, similar in magnitude and temperature dependence to that of the "empty" clathrate Si/sub 136/. Extensive attempts at synthesizing Na/sub x/Ge/sub 136/ did not produce the clathrate phase in high enough yield for transport measurements, but instead an initially unidentified Na-Ge phase was prevalent. In order to clarify confusion in the literature, we propose a structural model for this novel phase, with resulting composition Na/sub 1-x/Ge/sub 3/. The potential of type II clathrates for thermoelectric applications is reviewed.
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
The structures of the solid solution series ( Sr 4−δ Ca δ ) PtO 6 , with δ=0, 0.85(1), 2, and 3, have been investigated using the Rietveld refinement technique with laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data. A complete solid solution between Sr and Ca was confirmed to exist. These compounds crystallize in the rhombohedral space group R 3¯ c . The cell parameters of the series range from a of 9.4780(3) to 9.7477(1) Å, and c from 11.3301(4) to 11.8791(1) Å for δ from 3 to 0, respectively. The structure consists of chains of alternating trigonal prismatic ( Sr , Ca ) O 6 and octahedral PtO 6 units running parallel to the c axis. These chains are connected to each other via a second type of (Sr, Ca) ions, which are surrounded by eight oxygens, in a distorted square antiprismatic geometry. As Ca replaced Sr in Sr 4 PtO 6 , it was found to substitute preferentially in the smaller octahedral (Sr, Ca)1 site (6 a ) rather than at the eight-coordinate (Sr, Ca)2 site (18 e ). There appears to be an anomaly of cell parameters a and c at the compound Sr 3.15 Ca 0.85 PtO 6 . Their dependence on Ca content changes at δ≈1.00, where the Ca has fully replaced Sr in the 6 a site. The substitution of Sr by Ca reduced the average (Sr, Ca)1–O length from 2.411 to 2.311 Å and (Sr, Ca)2–O from 2.659 to 2.570 Å as the composition varied from Sr 4 PtO 6 to SrCa 3 PtO 6 . Reference X-ray powder diffraction patterns were prepared from the Rietveld refinement results for these members of the solid solution series. Magnetic susceptibility measurements of three of the samples (δ=0, 0.85, 2) show electronic transitions at low temperatures.
The structure of the lichen pigment rhodocladonic acid, 2-acetyl-3,4,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxynaphtho[2,3-b]furan-5,8-dione (1a), has been assigned on the basis of an X-ray crystal structure analysis of its triacetate (1c). Crystals of the triacetate are triclinic, space group [Formula: see text] with cell dimensions a = 13.609(3) Å, b = 15.009(3) Å, c = 5.456(2) Å, α = 106.66(4)°, β = 103.45(3)°, γ = 72.30(4)°, U = 1004(1) Å and D calc = 1.47 g cm −3 for Z = 2; R 1 = 0.0505 for 1644 observed (F > 6σ(F)) reflections.