We demonstrate a novel directly modulated transmitter, based on a six-section photonic integrated circuit. The device uses a unique master-slave configuration with a variable optical attenuator in between, allowing decoupling of cavities and independent control of the injection power. The VOA also provides the ability to find an optimum injection level that balances the trade-off between the extinction ratio and the chirp of the transmitted signal. Using the device, an error-free transmission of a 10 Gb/s non-return-to-zero signal over 25 km and 50 km standard single mode fibre is achieved.
This paper describes the characterization of a novel directly modulated multi-section laser with a master-slave configuration. Amplitude and phase noise measurements show relative intensity noise values of around -150 dB/Hz and a 3-dB linewidth of around 3 MHz. The laser's suitability for optical access networks, enabled by the chirp reduction from the external injection locking, is shown by demonstrating unamplified 30 Gbit/s C-band transmission over 25 km and 50 km of single mode fiber using PAM4, as well as 30 Gbit/s PAM4 and PAM8 amplified transmission over 75 km.
The Personal Transporter (PeT) is an electric vehicle, with easy maneuverability and compactness, which finds its application in confined areas. It is designed to transport an individual with the aid of an intelligent system. The two main wheels are driven by separate dc motors, fed by a common battery source and aided with the power electronic drives for appropriate speed control. The directional control is a electro - differential system done using the H-bridge circuit. The speed control is done with the help of microcontroller by varying the duty ratio of pulse width modulation signals given to the mosfets in the H bridge circuit. Two castor wheels are placed in order to balance the vehicle. The vehicle is further embellished with an intelligent system that directs the person to his/her destination in the best possible manner. This is done through installing receivers and transmitters in the i-PeT, as well as the places around the specified range. The application of such a system will be very helpful in various places such as airports, hospitals, shopping centers and lounges.
Now a days cloud computing is best innovative technology in the field of IT. In its broadest usage, the term cloud computing refers to the delivery of IT resources over the internet as opposed to hosting and operating these resources locally, such as a college or university network. These resources can include application and services as well as infrastructure and services over the network. Any organization can purchase these resources on as needed basis and avoid the capital expenditure cost of software and hardware. Security is major problem in cloud computing, thus key distribution is important thing for managing security in cloud computing. In this paper we derived a proposed algorithms for managing keys in the cloud and also discuss uses cases for cloud computing.
A gain-switched-laser frequency comb is self-injection-locked to an electrooptic microresonator. The comb exhibits narrowed linewidth, suppressed frequency instability, and agile frequency control ability.
The performance of an RFID tag depends on the environment in which it is placed. We place the RFID tag on large wooden boards and measure its performance by recording the threshold power. Threshold power is the minimum power required to activate a tag. We show that as the thickness of the wooden slab increase, the performance first deteriorates and then it improves. We also make an interesting observation that, the performance of the tag could be much superior when the board is blocking the line of sight path. These observations have been supported by making field measurements using a probe and a network analyzer. Further, a theoretical model based on the interaction of plane waves with a dielectric slab has been used to explain the measured observations.
The Gas leakage is one of the big problems with industrial sector, residential milieu and gas functioning vehicles like CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) buses, cars etc.One of the contraceptive methods to stop accidents associated with the gas leakage is to install a gas leakage detection device at vulnerable places.The system detects the leakage of the LPG using a gas sensor and uses the GSM to alert the person about the gas leakage via SMS.When the concentration of LPG in air exceeds a certain level, the sensor senses the gas leakage and the output of the sensor goes LOW.The detection is done by the gas sensor, through the microcontroller the LED and buzzer are turned ON simultaneously.An alert is provided to the user, sending an SMS to the programmed mobile number.
Cryptography is dealing with a lot of different algorithms which are much secure in various aspects but there are two major problems coming in the cryptographic algorithms, first the portability of algorithm from heavy applications to light applications and second the current Method of Formal Coding-Side Channel Attack (MFCSCA) which are targeting XOR function of the algorithms.To resolve these two problems we propose a new algorithm by using AES algorithm with lattice concept of multidimensionality.In this paper, we propose a new algorithm by combining the concepts of mathematics and multidimensionality concept of physics which solve both the problems of the encryption algorithms.