Eight Croatian winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) were evaluated for their ability to produce callus and to regenerate whole plants from immature and mature embryos and immature inflorescences. The highest mean percentage regeneration across cultivars (21.6%) was obtained when immature embryos were used as explant with the highest regeneration of cultivar Žitarka (57%) and Edita (54%). However, some cultivars regenerated equally efficiently (Edita) or better (Lipa) when immature inflorescences were used. The highest regeneration capacity from mature embryos (26% for cultivar Magdalen) was much below the best regeneration capacities from the immature embryo or inflorescence culture. As far as the media provided with 2, 4-D were used for callus induction from immature embryos, plant regeneration was significantly better than in a medium with picloram. With immature inflorescences, on the contrary, the best culture response was obtained using medium containing picloram.

Picloram

Callus

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Diallel Analysis of Wheat Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Mycotoxin Accumulation under Conditions of Artificial Inoculation and Natural Infection

Plants (2024)

Marko Maričević Valentina Španić Miroslav Bukan Bruno Rajković Hrvoje Šarčević

Breeding resistant wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium spp., is the best method for controlling the disease. The aim of this study was to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for FHB resistance in a set of eight genetically diverse winter wheat cultivars to identify potential donors of FHB resistance for crossing. FHB resistance of parents and F1 crosses produced by the half diallel scheme was evaluated under the conditions of artificial inoculation with F. graminearum and natural infection. Four FHB related traits were assessed: visual rating index (VRI), Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK), and deoxynivalenol and zearalenone content in the harvested grain samples. Significant GCA effects for FHB resistance were observed for the parental cultivars with high FHB resistance for all studied FHB resistance related traits. The significant SCA and mid-parent heterosis effects for FHB resistance were rare under both artificial inoculation and natural infection conditions and involved crosses between parents with low FHB resistance. A significant negative correlation between grain yield under natural conditions and VRI (r = −0.43) and FDK (r = −0.47) under conditions of artificial inoculation was observed in the set of the studied F1 crosses. Some crosses showed high yield and high FHB resistance, indicating that breeding of FHB resistant genotypes could be performed without yield penalty. These crosses involved resistant cultivars with significant GCA effects for FHB resistance indicating that that they could be used as good donors of FHB resistance.

10.3390/plants13071022

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Genetska raznolikost hrvatske komercijalne germplazme soje utvrđena mikrosatelitskim markerima

Zbornik sažetaka (2019)

Maja Žulj Mihaljević Hrvoje Šarčević Ana Lovrić Zoe Andrijanić Aleksandra Sudarić

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Morfološka i agronomska svojstva kultivara i hrvatskih lokalnh populacija crvene djeteline

Tomislav Ivanušić Jerko Gunjača Josip Leto Slobodan S. Tomasović Branko Palaveršić

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