To explore trends in documented sexual abuse/assault (SA) related episodes in California hospitals and emergency departments (ED), including the impact of a change in health care service reporting codification (from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM) that more clearly defined SA in October 2015.
Objectives. To determine the impact of the 2007–2009 economic crisis on tuberculosis (TB) trends among California residents. Methods. We analyzed available data from 4 different population-representative data sets. We used time charts, trend lines, and change-point detection tests during 2000 to 2016 to describe TB trends in California. Results. We found statistically significant changes in California TB trends with the time of the onset of the economic downturn based on age-adjusted TB case rates and TB mortality rates, crude rate of TB hospitalizations, and self-reported TB. Change on TB incidence was especially apparent among racial/ethnic minority groups. Conclusions. To our knowledge, changes in TB trends in the United States matching in time with the 2007–2009 economic crisis have not been previously reported. This study identified a slowdown in the decline of TB rates by 2007 to 2009 and provides new knowledge on TB trends that can be used to achieve California’s goal of eliminating TB by 2040 and in the prevention and control of TB in the United States.
Event Abstract Back to Event Evaluation of the environmental and individual attributes associated with domestic violence hospitalizations in California using a geographically weighted regression model. Alvaro Medel-Herrero1* and Beatriz Martínez-López2 1 Center for Health and the Environment, University of California., United States 2 Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, United States Objective Our investigation explored trends in domestic violence-related hospitalizations and emergency room (ED) visits in California from 2000 to 2017, including the potential impact of the 2007 recession and the change on domestic violence (DV) codification from ICD9 to ICD10 on reported DV episodes. Methods ED and hospital data were drawn from the California's Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD). Descriptive and trend analyses of DV episodes, and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis was conducted. Results We analyzed all DV-related hospitalizations and visits to ED caused in California between 2000 and 2017 (80,556). Estimated total cost for California DV-related hospitalizations alone was $1,326,523,862 for the period analyzed (2000-2017). The number of DV episodes per month increased from 182.0 to 386.2 during the pre- (Jan 2000- Nov 2007) and the post-recession period (Dec 2007-Sept 2015) and reached 998.5 per month during the ICD10 codification period (Oct 2015-Dec 2017), when specific codes for suspected/confirmed cases were created. The areas highly affected by domestic violence have increased considerably in recent years. We found significant concentration of DV-related hospitalizations in rural areas and underserved communities. Conclusion Not enough attention has been paid to DV hospitalizations, despite its importance. Only limited descriptions of DV inpatients and risks factors for hospitalizations have been published so far, and very little is known about the impact of the 2007 recession and the changes on ICD codes in DV hospital rates on number of reported DV episodes. We found environmental and individual attributes associated with domestic violence hospitalizations, that contribute to explain the increasing trend in DV hospitalizations. The increase in DV presents an important research area for future studies. Acknowledgements Feminist Research Institute (FRI), small grant FRI 2018-19 Keywords: Risk factors, Cluster analysis, Social determinansts of health, California, Domestic Violence Conference: GeoVet 2019. Novel spatio-temporal approaches in the era of Big Data, Davis, United States, 8 Oct - 10 Oct, 2019. Presentation Type: Poster-no session Topic: Spatial methods for environmental & exposure epidemiology and climate change Citation: Medel-Herrero A and Martínez-López B (2019). Evaluation of the environmental and individual attributes associated with domestic violence hospitalizations in California using a geographically weighted regression model.. Front. Vet. Sci. Conference Abstract: GeoVet 2019. Novel spatio-temporal approaches in the era of Big Data. doi: 10.3389/conf.fvets.2019.05.00021 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 30 Jul 2019; Published Online: 27 Sep 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. Alvaro Medel-Herrero, Center for Health and the Environment, University of California., Davis, United States, amedelherrero@UCDAVIS.EDU Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Alvaro Medel-Herrero Beatriz Martínez-López Google Alvaro Medel-Herrero Beatriz Martínez-López Google Scholar Alvaro Medel-Herrero Beatriz Martínez-López PubMed Alvaro Medel-Herrero Beatriz Martínez-López Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.
Introduccion: En 1986, a traves de la Ley General de Sanidad, se formulan las lineas directrices en la desinstitucionalizacion de la psiquiatria y se traspasan las competencias a las CCAA en materia sanitaria. Se propugna por un modelo de atencion ambulatorio, asertivo y comunitario, y el desmantelamiento de la antigua red de hospitales monograficos en atencion psiquiatrica. Con el presente estudio se ofrece una serie de indicadores, de interes en la evaluacion de la atencion psiquiatrica por lo que se refiere al modelo de atencion hospitalario adoptado.
Material y metodos: Explotacion de datos de la Encuesta de Establecimientos Sanitarios en Regimen de Internado (EESRI) relativos al area de atencion psiquiatrico. Marco temporal de analisis: 1979-2004. Dentro de este marco temporal, presentamos el analisis de las tasas de establecimientos sanitarios, camas en funcionamiento, consultas, altas, estancias y estancias medias desagregadas entre hospital psiquiatrico y el resto de establecimientos hospitalarios que disponen de area de atencion psiquiatrica.
Resultados: Descenso en el numero de hospitales psiquiatricos particularmente entre los anos 1986-1992 ya que durante el periodo 1993-2004 el decremento es poco significativo. Acusado descenso en las camas en funcionamiento en el hospital psiquiatrico mitigado en el periodo 1992-2004, al tiempo que se produce un minimo incremento de camas en las areas psiquiatricas del resto de hospitales. Punto de inflexion en la proporcion de altas entre hospital psiquiatrico/no psiquiatrico en 1990. Progresivo decremento de las estancias totales y medias en hospital psiquiatrico. Elevadas tasas de altas, estancias totales y estancias medias en hospital psiquiatrico al final de la serie temporal analizada. Incremento de primeras consultas y consultas totales en el area asistencial en su conjunto acentuado a partir de 1990. Elevada proporcion en los indicadores de uso de los hospitales psiquiatricos en relacion a los hospitales no clasificados como psiquiatricos. En sintesis, el modelo asistencial espanol en salud mental recae en gran medida en el hospital psiquiatrico, a pesar de las directrices desinstitucionalizadoras