Abstract Background HPV infection can cause cancer, and standard treatments often result in recurrence. The extent to which liquid biopsy using HPV circulating tumor DNA (HPV ctDNA) can be used as a promising marker for predicting recurrence in HPV‐related cancers remains to be validated. Here we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess its effectiveness in predicting treatment response. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search of online databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, up to December 2022. The goal was to identify survival studies that evaluated the potential of plasma HPV ctDNA at baseline and end‐of‐treatment (EoT) in predicting recurrence of related cancers. Hazard ratios were estimated directly from models or extracted from Kaplan–Meier plots. Results The pooled effect of HPV ctDNA presence on disease recurrence was estimated to be HR = 7.97 (95% CI: [3.74, 17.01]). Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of recurrence was HR = 2.17 (95% CI: [1.07, 4.41]) for baseline‐positive cases and HR = 13.21 (95% CI: [6.62, 26.36]) for EoT‐positive cases. Significant associations were also observed between recurrence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 12.25 (95% CI: [2.62, 57.36])) and cervical cancer (HR = 4.60 (95% CI: [2.08, 10.17])) in plasma HPV ctDNA‐positive patients. Conclusions The study found that HPV ctDNA detection can predict the rate of relapse or recurrence after treatment, with post‐treatment measurement being more effective than baseline assessment. HPV ctDNA could be used as a surrogate or incorporated with other methods for detecting residual disease.
Myositis ossificans traumatica is a rare condition in which causes restriction of mandibular movement. In this entity, temporomandibular joint is depleted of any problems; although all the patients have the history of trauma to the mandible and the face. Myositis ossificans traumatica can involve other parts of the body like femoral region with higher incidence in compare to the maxillofacial area. Blunt trauma to the head and neck causes muscle contusion injury, hematoma formation in the injured muscles or nearby soft tissues. Calcification of hematoma and heterotopic bone formation in the muscle, soft tissue, or near bony structures causes progressive decrease in mouth opening. Surgical removal of calcified body has been the only and one method for treatment of this disorder but rate of recurrence is high in the literature. The authors want to introduce 2 new cases of myositis ossificans traumatica, and then discuss about etiology and different treatment modalities.
Use of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy can be associated with an increased risk of teratogenicity as well as congenital abnormalities. However, there are numerous discrepancies to determine whether lamotrigine, as an antiepileptic drug, can significantly induce malformation in newborn infants or not. Thus, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the teratogenic effects of lamotrigine on mouse fetuses.In the present study, 21 pregnant mice were assigned to four groups. Groups 1 and 2 (controls) received mock treatment and ethanol 20%, respectively. Groups 3 and 4 (treatment) were intraperitoneally administered with 25 and 75 mg/kg lamotrigine for three days, respectively. The treatment protocol was performed within the gestational days of 9-18 in all groups. On gestational day 18, 117 fetuses were taken out of the fallopian tube of studied mice and then examined for any anomalies (vertebral, limbs and cranial), followed by a measurement of their height and weight.The results revealed that, in the treated groups, the weight and the height had significantly decreased (p<0.01) and also various anomalies were evident. Moreover, as the dose of lamotrigine increased, the decrease in the weight and the height and rising trend in anomalies were intensified.According to the findings, lamotrigine (LTG) could be considered as a risk factor for the development of the anomalies examined.
Abstract Background: Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and commonly classified into malignant melanoma (MM) and Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), which mainly include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The extent to which Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1, L1) ORF1p is expressed in cutaneous malignancies remains to be evaluated. This study aimed to assess LINE-1 ORF1p immunoreactivity in various skin cancer subtypes. Method:The expression level of LINE-1 ORF1p was evaluated in 95 skin cancer specimens comprising 36 (37.9%) BCC, 28 (29.5%) SCC, and 31 (32.6%) melanoma using the tissue microarray (TMA) technique. Then the association between expression of LINE-1 encoded protein and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. Results: We showed that LINE-1 ORF1p expression level was substantially higher in BCC and SCC patients compared with melanoma samples (p < 0.001). BCC cases had a higher LINE-1 histochemical score (H-score) compared with SCC cases (p = 0.004). In SCC samples, a lower level of LINE-1 ORF1p expression was associated with age younger than the mean (p = 0.041). At the same time, no significant correlation was found between LINE-1 ORF1p expression and other clinicopathological parameters (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: According to our observation, LINE-1 ORF1p immunoreactivity in various skin tumor subtypes extends previous studies of LINE-1 expression in different cancers. LINE-1ORF1p overexpression in NMSCs compared with MM can be considered with caution as a tumor-specific antigen for NMSCs.
Abstract In the oral cavity, adenoid cystic carcinomas of the buccal mucosa are extremely rare. Minor salivary grand adenoid cystic carcinoma should receive aggressive treatment to achieve negative surgical margins to inhibit recurrence.
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