Pramod Kumar Manjhi

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

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Manish Kumar

King George's Medical University

Harihar Dikshit

Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences

Lalit Mohan

Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences

Chakrapani Kumar

Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences

Akhilesh Kumar Rana

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Hitesh Mishra

Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences

Shuvasree Payra

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Vikas Maharshi

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Rajesh Kumar

India Health Action Trust

Rani Indira Sinha

Patna Medical College and Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal

Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences

Institute of Medical Sciences

Banaras Hindu University

Patna Medical College and Hospital

University of Delhi

Government Medical College

King George's Medical University

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Evaluation of efficacy of oral calcium phosphate as an adjunct to standard-of-care regular phototherapy in cases of neonatal jaundice: a hospital-based double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

BMJ Paediatrics Open (2024)

Arnab Ghorui Bhabesh kant chowdhary Pramod Kumar Manjhi Pradeep Kumar Chandra Mohan Kumar

Neonatal jaundice is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and rehospitalisation in the first week of life, affecting approximately 60% of term and 80% of preterm neonates, with 10% requiring phototherapy to prevent bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction. Enterohepatic circulation contributes 10%-20% of the body's bilirubin load, and oral calcium-phosphate can inhibit this process by binding to unconjugated bilirubin and acting as a bilirubin-trapping agent in the gut. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral calcium phosphate as an adjunct to phototherapy in reducing phototherapy duration, improving bilirubin decline rate and lowering rebound hyperbilirubinaemia incidence.

10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002902

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Malnutrition and central retinal vein occlusion in a young man

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2015)

Nupur Tuteja Abhishek Sachdeva Pramod Kumar Manjhi

Can vitamin B 12 and folate deficiency cause central retinal vein occlusion? We conducted a literature search to find out whether nutritional deficiency of vitamin B 12 and folate can lead to impaired vision. The patient in the article reported in Ophthalmology, department of MMIMSR, Haryana, India, with complain of gradual painless visual loss over six weeks. He was found to have unilateral central retinal vein occlusion with significant anemia and vitamin B 12 and folate deficiency. Vitamin B 12 and folate deficiency can lead to elevated levels of homocysteine. We found a large amount of published data relating central retinal vein occlusion to elevated homocysteine levels, but there was a lack of conclusive evidence for this association Patients should be asked about their dietary history where a thrombotic event is suspected or confirmed.

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20150849

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Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacovigilance: A future to Manage Adverse Drug Reactions

International Journal of Current Research and Review (2023)

Pramod Kumar Manjhi Vikas Maharshi

Drug reaction

Adverse drug reaction

10.31782/ijcrr.2023.152401

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A survey on knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting among healthcare professionals in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar, India

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (2016)

Pramod Kumar Manjhi Manish Kumar Harihar Dikshit Lalit Mohan Hitesh Mishra

Background: This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance (PV) and adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting among healthcare professionals in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar.Methods: It was a questionnaire based cross- sectional study carried out for a period of 3 months by a preformed structured questionnaire consisting of 19 questions (11 questions on knowledge, 5 on attitude and 3 on practices) in various departments of I.G.I.M.S., Patna. 120 filled questionnaires by healthcare professionals were collected from department and analysed for mentioned parameters. Among healthcare professionals there were 46 Interns, 20 junior and senior residents, 2 professors, 2 associate professors, 2 assistant professors, 48 nurses of the hospital. A descriptive analysis of data was done.Results: Out of total 120 distributed questionnaires, 112 were completely filled up and considered for analysis. The response rate was 93.3%. Regarding knowledge, attitude and practice based questions 58.9% and 75% were knew the correct definition and important purpose of PV respectively. Among participants 62.5% have knowledge of post marketing surveillance studies done by Pharmaceutical companies and 79.4 % knew that within how many days serious adverse event (SAE) reported in India. Lack of time (36.6 %) followed by non- remuneration ( 33.3%) were major discouraging factor in ADR reporting. 36.6 % think reporting is a professional obligation for healthcare professionals and 19.6 % opined that ADR monitoring centre should be in every hospital. 89 % agree with necessity of ADR reporting where as 91% think PV should be taught in detail to healthcare professionals. 60.7 % had read an article on prevention of adverse drug reaction, 51.7 % had come across with an ADR and less than half (41.9 %) had been trained on how to report.Conclusions: Findings strongly suggest that there is a great need to create awareness and to promote the reporting of ADR amongst prescribers since knowledge and awareness are the most important parameters that can minimize the under reporting of ADRs.

Remuneration

Health Professionals

Adverse drug reaction

Under-reporting

Drug reaction

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20164125

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A Randomized Controlled Study Comparing the Efficacy of 75mg Versus 150mg Aspirin for the Prevention of Preeclampsia in High-Risk Pregnant Women

Cureus (2023)

Nishi Sinha Shruti Singh Mukta Agarwal Pramod Kumar Manjhi Rajesh Kumar

Background Preeclampsia is a major factor in both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The most widely investigated preeclampsia prevention medication is low dose Aspirin. However, guidelines differ considerably regarding the prophylactic dose of Aspirin for preeclampsia. Objective The objective is to compare the efficacy of 150mg versus 75mg Aspirin for the prevention of preeclampsia in pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia. Methodology This was a parallel, open-label, randomized control trial carried over a period of one year and three months at a tertiary care center of Eastern India. Block randomization was done and block sizes of 2 and 4 were used to ensure balanced distributions within the study arms. Primary outcome was the development of preeclampsia and secondary outcomes were fetomaternal complications in both groups. Results The present clinical trial was conducted on 116 pregnant women with a risk factor of preeclampsia and they were randomly assigned to receive either 150mg or 75mg of Aspirin daily beginning from 12 to 16 weeks of gestation till 36 weeks' gestation. A significantly greater number of pregnant females who received Aspirin 75mg (33.92%) developed preeclampsia in contrast to those who received Aspirin 150mg (8.77%), p=0.001, OR = 5.341, 95%CI = 1.829-15.594. There was an insignificant difference in fetomaternal outcome among both the groups of women. Conclusion Among women who are at high risk of developing preeclampsia, Aspirin 150 mg once a day at bedtime is more effective than Aspirin 75 mg once a day at bedtime in preventing preeclampsia with similar fetomaternal outcomes (NICU admission, IUGR, neonatal death, still birth, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, placental abruption and pulmonary edema).

Bedtime

10.7759/cureus.39752

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Study of changes in serum lipid profile and blood sugar level by perindopril and telmisartan during treatment of systemic hypertension

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (2014)

Manish Kumar Anuj Pathak Pramod Kumar Manjhi Lalit Mohan Harihar Dikshit

Background: This study was designed to compare adverse effects on serum lipid profile and blood sugar level in the treatment with two commonly used drugs perindopril and telmisartan in cases of hypertension. This was an “observational” and “cross-sectional” study. Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in each, Groups A and B. In both groups, half the patients were given perindopril 4 mg OD and half were given telmisartan 40 mg OD for 24 weeks. Total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) level was estimated initially and then at 4 th , 12 th , and 24 th week. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA. Results: With perindopril initial means of TC, HDL, LDL, TGs, FBS, and PPBS in Groups A and B were 190.32, 49.76, 117.96, 165.04, 84.56, 122.60, and 188.80, 51.64, 118.52, 159.12, 93.92, 133.60, respectively. After 24 weeks, these values were 190.84, 50.68, 118.60, 163.84, 83.48, 120.20, and 190.96, 52.04, 118.28, 157.56, 93.96, 133.68, respectively (p > 0.05). With telmisartan, initial means of TC, HDL, LDL, TG, FBS, and PPBS in both groups were 188.08, 49.76, 118.84, 167.20, 83.72, 120.68, and 188.08, 46.88, 121.96, 167.84, 91.44, 131.72, respectively. After 24 weeks, these values in both groups were 189.36, 49.80, 120.04, 165.96, 82.60, 118.36 and 186.12, 45.28, 121.08, 167.72, 92.76, 129.56 respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It concluded that both perindopril and telmisartan had not any significant adverse effects on plasma lipid profile and blood sugar level in both groups.

Telmisartan

Lipid Profile

Perindopril

Blood sugar

Fasting blood sugar

10.5455/2319-2003.ijbcp20140607

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Economic Evaluation of Different Brands of Commonly Prescribed Drugs Used in the Management of Angina Pectoris in Indian Market

International Journal of Current Research and Review (2023)

Rajesh Kumar Chakrapani Kumar Pramod Kumar Manjhi Akhilesh Kumar Rana Shuvasree Payra

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in developing countries like India. Initial management includes use of many anti- anginal drugs. If angina pectoris not managed adequately results in significant morbidity and mortality too due to the complications. Anti-anginal drugs are used for lifelong. Therefore, analysis of the price of different drugs used in ischemic heart disease will help to improve patient compliance. Objective: (1) To assess the cost variation of different drugs available as antianginal agents in India. (2) To assess the cost ratio and percentage price variation of different formulations. Method: The maximum and minimum price of each brand of the drugs given in Indian rupees (INR) was noted by using ‘Drug Today’ (Oct 2022 – Jan 2023, volume II). The cost range, cost ratio, and the percentage cost variation for individual drug brands were calculated. The cost of tablets/capsule was calculated, and the cost ratio and percentage cost variation of various brands was compared. Results: After calculation of cost ratio and percentage cost variation for each brand of anti-anginal drugs, tab Diltiazem (60 mg) had a maximum percentage cost variation of 459.76% and a cost ratio of 5.59 while tab GTN (6.4 mg) had a minimum percentage cost variation of 76.19% and cost ratio of 1.76. Conclusions: There is a wide variation in the price of different brands ofanti-anginal drugs available in India. The clinicians prescribing these drugsshould be aware of these variations to reduce the financial burden of drugtherapy and improve compliance.

10.31782/ijcrr.2023.15601

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Comparative Study of Efficacy of Oral Ivermectin Versus Some Topical Antiscabies Drugs in the Treatment of Scabies

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH (2014)

Pramod Kumar Manjhi Rani Indira Sinha Manish Kumar Kumari Indu Sinha

The conventionally used topical antiscabetics have poor compliance. Ivermectin, an oral antiparasitic drug, has been shown to be an effective scabicide and could be a useful substitute. This study was designed to compare efficacy of oral ivermectin with commonly used topical antiscabies drugs.This study was conducted on four groups including 60 patients in each group by simple random sampling. Treatment given in each group was: Group 1: Ivermectin (200 μg/kg body weight) oral in a single dose, Group 2: Topical Permethrin 5% cream single application, Group 3: Topical gamma benzene hexachloride (GBHC) lotion 1% single application and Group 4: Topical Benzyl benzoate (BB) lotion 25% single application. All of the patients were followed for improvement in terms of severity of disease and severity of pruritus at the end of 1(st) wk and 6(th) wk.Efficacy of ivermectin, permethrin, GBHC and BB lotion considering improvement in severity of pruritus as parameter were 85%, 90%, 75% and 68.33% respectively at 2(nd) follow-up. Similarly considering improvement in severity of lesion as parameter, results were 80%, 88.33%, 71.66% and 65% respectively at 2(nd) follow up. Topical Permethrin (5%) was more effective as compared to topical BB lotion and topical GBHC lotion (p<0.05, significant) but statistical difference between efficacy of topical Permethrin and oral Ivermectin was non-significant (p>0.05).The results suggested that oral Ivermectin and topical Permethrin (5%) were equally efficacious. Oral Ivermectin is well tolerated, non irritant to skin, does not show central nervous system side effects because it does not cross blood brain barrier. So, the good therapeutic response with few side effects seen with oral Ivermectin can be useful in those patients for whom topical treatment is potentially irritant and less well-tolerated.

Lotion

10.7860/jcdr/2014/9092.4878

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