Sn, Al and Cu not only possess electromagnetic interference shield efficiency, but also have the acceptable costs. In this study, sputtered Sn-Al thin films and Sn-Cu thin film were used to investigate the effect of the crystallization mechanism and film thickness on the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics. In addition, the annealed microstructure, electrical conductivity and EMI of the Sn-xAl films and the Sn-xCu films were compared. The results show that Sn-Al film increased the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding after annealed. Sn-Cu films with higher Cu atomic concentration, the low frequency EMI shielding could not be improved. After annealing, the Sn-Cu thin film with lower Cu content possessed excellent EMI shielding at lower frequencies, but had an inverse tendency at higher frequencies.
In addition to being used to produce prototypes rapidly, three-dimensional (3D) printing is now being used in the fabrication of functional materials, such as capsule hotels and energy-saving youth apartments, which can be manufactured through 3D printing at a cost advantage. Due to the small internal space and high-density arrangements of capsule hotels, the antistatic, fireproofing and electromagnetic shielding properties of the construction materials are important. Furthermore, an outdoor-type capsule hotel requires significant toughness (impact strength) to cope with unexpected events. In this study, a natural serpentinite was ground into nanopowder and added into fireproof acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastic material to 3D-print test specimens. Then, the hardness, tensile strength, impact strength and antistatic and electromagnetic properties of the mineral particle-reinforced ABS plastic were investigated. The experimental results showed that adding 3 wt.% sintered magnesium silicate–iron nanopowder into the ABS plastic to form ABS materials (ABSM) resulted in a higher degree of hardness and improved wear resistance, tensile strength and impact strength. After 3D printing, the ABSM molecular bonding characteristics showed no significant change (fireproofing was maintained), as examined through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. However, the antistatic force and electromagnetic shielding both increased significantly. Accordingly, ABSM can be used to enhance public safety and health.
Objective: Garlic can help humans ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages by sufficient zinc and magnesium intake.Method: Serpentine treated it by microwaving and sintering to enhance its crystallinity as well as its magnesium and zinc ion release rates. Furthermore, an enriched garlic enzyme extract had an approximately 8-fold increase in alliinase activity. Results: Strong bonding was observed for the microwaved and sintered powders, but also facilitated zinc ion reactions and reduced lattice defects. Accordingly, used for the garlic growth and enzyme experiments.Conclusions: (1) The sintered powder excellent magnesium and zinc ion release capability. (2) The enriched garlic enzymes had high alliinase activity, likely increasing the health benefits of the garlic.
No evident effect on shielding efficiency was observed when electromagnetic wave-absorbing coating materials were applied in single layers because of the dispersing nature of the powder. When coating was increased to two layers, shielding effects were evident at both high and low frequencies, with greater shielding efficiency at low frequencies than at high frequencies. It is worth noting that when coating was increased to three layers, as the weight percentage of powdered iron (Fe) increased from 5 to 8%, the shielding efficiency of the powdered iron composite material was raised to −35 dB. This shows that as the weight percentage becomes higher, the powder shows the resonance phenomenon of permeability spectrum, and at high frequencies, the electromagnetic wave shielding efficiency of the composite materials was greatly increased. As the weight percentage of the powdered iron was increased to 8%, the powder could not be spread evenly in the epoxy because of the dispersing characteristic of the electromagnetic properties of iron and the anisotropic and heterogeneous nature of the powdered composite material. During production, the powder aggregates often resulted in greater heterogeneity in the materials and, consequently, lowered shielding efficiency at 3 GHz.
Sn-xAl powder complex materials are used as coating in building materials. This study coats complex colloid mixed with Sn-xAl powders and polyethylene on glass to examine the shield effect on electromagnetic interference (EMI). The results show that adding Al to the Sn-xAl powders can increase the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield at lower frequencies. Notably, the number of cavities in the coating layer increased with the coating thickness, with the result that the EMI shield could not improve with an increase in the coating thickness at higher frequencies.
The use of lightweight, functional and eco-friendly building materials can reduce energy consumption and pollution levels. Aluminum (Al) alloys with low density, high specific strength, excellent functional properties and 100% recyclability make excellent building materials. Lightweight structures are crucial for safety, particularly for mitigating losses during natural disasters. Lightweight structures can considerably reduce losses, particularly casualties. Few studies have addressed building with aluminum alloys, but Taiwan’s innovative aluminum technologies are relevant for scholarly research regarding construction. The design of aluminum alloys in the construction field, particularly with regard to the wear resistance and corrosion characteristics of building materials in island countries, is vital to the upgrading and promotion of the construction industry. In this study, eco-friendly building materials (4389, 5089 and 6169) were compared with commercial materials (4032, 5052 and 6061). The results show that new types 4389, 5089 and 6169 have better material properties, microstructures, tensile mechanical properties and salt-spray test results than the commercial 4032, 5052 and 6061 materials, particularly corrosion resistance. It is worth noting that the new type 6169 has high strength extrusion. Materials, which can be used as a reference for the application of seashore industry, recreation parks or building structural support building materials.
The Sn substrate composite powder technology for capsule building was tested in this study, and the trend of adding graphite was studied. Then, a series of materials with higher resistance to electromagnetic waves were investigated. Based on low-cost advantages and particular categories of architectural application, the Sn-Al-C (SAC) ternary system powder was studied using the coating method, which can be applied to cement or plastic surfaces. The effects of particle size, content ratio of C and Sn-Al additions, stacking effect, and influence of porosity and thickness on the electromagnetic shielding mechanism were analyzed and discussed in detail.
This study coats complex colloid mixed with Sn-xAl powders and polyethylene on glass to examine the shield effect on electromagnetic interference (EMI). In addition, the sputtering specimens and powder coating specimens were compared. The results show that adding Al to the Sn-xAl powders can increase the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield at lower frequencies. Notably, the number of cavities in the coating layer increased with the coating thickness, with the result that the EMI shield could not improve with an increase in the coating thickness at higher frequencies. However, the EMI shield of sputtering films had a tendency to increase as the thin thickness increased. The Sn-40Al undergoes a dispersing effect which forms a fine overlapping structure, thereby improving the low frequency EMI shielding. In addition, the Sn-20Al powders possessed the properties of a small particle size, closed structure and higher electric conductivity which improved the high frequency EMI shielding. For the sputtering films, the annealed treatment not only had higher electric conductivity but also increased the high frequency EMI shielding.
Abstract Garlic is a widely cultivated crop that contains numerous chemical compounds with health benefits. Both magnesium and zinc are essential nutrients for the human body. Increasing the magnesium content in garlic could stabilize the allicin enzyme, preventing its decomposition or release. Moreover, increasing the zinc content in garlic could enhance its antioxidative properties and health benefits; additionally, zinc plays a vital role in the synthesis of various hormones. In this study, we powdered serpentine derived from natural sources and treated it by microwaving and sintering to enhance its crystallinity as well as its magnesium and zinc ion release rates. The powder was then used to produce a magnesium–zinc solution for cultivating garlic. The growth and garlic enzyme activity of the garlic were then examined. The results revealed that microwaving and sintering the serpentine powder reduced its impurities, enhanced its crystallinity (including surface area), and increased the magnesium and zinc ion release rates. When the cultivation solution was prepared using the powder that was microwaved and then sintered (400°C for 1 h), it exhibited the same beneficial properties as if the solution had been prepared with natural magnesium and zinc ions. The enriched garlic contained 32–41 mg/L of magnesium and10-15 mg/L of zine. It also exhibited more garlic glands and higher sulfide content compared with regular garlic. After air drying, the garlic glands of the enriched garlic remained intact and had high moisture content, indicating its high nutritional value and antioxidative properties. Furthermore, an enriched garlic enzyme extract had an approximately 8-fold increase in alliinase activity compared with an unenriched extract.
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